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Row Type Variable Name Attribute Name Data Type Value
attribute NC_GLOBAL access_formats String .htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson
attribute NC_GLOBAL acquisition_description String Methods  \n I) Aerial Surveys\n \nAerial surveys were conducted from January through mid-May 2002 in the Cape\nCod Bay Critical Habitat and adjacent waters (Figures 1a-e, Tables 1a-e). The\naerial survey protocol for Cape Cod Bay, as described in Kraus et al (1997),\nwas adopted with some modifications. Fifteen tracklines were flown\nlatitudinally (east - west) at 1.5 nautical mile (nm) intervals from the\nmainland to the Cape Cod Bay shoreline (Figure 1a). An additional trackline,\n25 nm in length, paralleled the outer coast of Cape Cod from east of Chatham\nto the eastern end of trackline one at a distance of about three nm from shore\n(Figure 1a, trackline number 16). The east-west flight pattern in Cape Cod Bay\nwas chosen for scientific and safety reasons. In these latitudes, winter\naerial surveys are hampered by low sun angles in the early and late hours of a\nsurvey day and glare is a significant factor in sightability of marine\nmammals. On east-west tracklines, although glare was a factor in one of the\nforward quadrants, there was always a section of the survey swath that could\nbe observed without being compromised by glare. It was also safer to have the\naerial survey tracklines begin and end near land. A total of 320 nm of 'on-\ntrackline' miles were flown during each completed survey (Table 1a). \\\"On-\ntrackline\\\" miles were those miles flown while surveying due east or due west\nin Cape Cod Bay and along the outer coast of Cape Cod, but excludes all miles\nflown between tracklines (cross legs) or while circling.\n \nThe surveys were flown under VFR (visual flight rules) conditions up to and\nincluding Beaufort sea state four. Surveys were aborted in Beaufort sea state\nfive and/or when visibility decreased below two miles in fog, rain or snow.\nAll aerial surveys originated at Chatham Airport, Chatham, MA. They were\nconducted in a Cessna 337 Skymaster (5382S), a twin engine, high-wing aircraft\nwith retractable landing gear. The aircraft was equipped with two GPS (global\npositioning system) navigation systems, full IFR (instrument flight rules)\ninstrumentation, marine VHF radio with external antenna, and wing-tip mounted\nVHF tracking antennas. Safety equipment included a life raft, four survival\nsuits, signal flares, a medical kit, a waterproof VHF radio, a portable EPIRB,\nand an aircraft mounted ELT (emergency locator transmitter). All occupants\nwore aircraft approved PFDs (personal floatation device) during the entire\nflight.\n \nSurveys were conducted at a standard altitude of 750 feet (229 meters) and a\nground speed of approximately 100 knots, using methodology developed by CeTAP\n(Scott and Gilbert 1982, CeTAP 1982). The survey team consisted of a pilot,\ndata recorder, and two observers positioned on each side of the aircraft in\nthe rear seats. The two rear seat observers scanned the water surface from\n0\\u00b0 - 90\\u00b0, out to at least two nautical miles and reported sightings\nwhen they were abeam of the aircraft. In order to maintain a standardized\nsighting effort, the pilot and data recorder were instructed not to alert the\nobservers to any sightings of marine mammals until after it had been passed by\nthe aircraft and clearly missed by the observers. The turn at the end of each\ntrackline was initiated and completed about 1.5 nm from shore in Cape Cod Bay\nto maximize the opportunity to observe any whales near shore.\n \nAll sightings of marine animals except birds were recorded. Sightings\nidentified as species other than right whales were counted, logged and passed\nwithout breaking the trackline and circling in order to maximize flight time\navailable for investigating right whale sightings. Sightings of all vessels in\nthe area were recorded by location and type. At sightings identified as right\nwhales, as well as sightings of large whales, which were not immediately\nidentified by species, the aircraft broke track at right angles to the\nsighting and circled over the animal to obtain photographs. Photographs were\nobtained of as many individual right whales within a given aggregation as\npossible. For each right whale, behavior and interaction with other whales or\nany nearby vessels or fishing gear was noted. In a few instances, when right\nwhales were spotted from the plane in close from the vessel so that the plane\ncould devote more time to surveying. The right angle distance of each sighting\nfrom the flight track was determined from GPS positions.\n \nAt the conclusion of photographic effort at each sighting, the aircraft\nreturned to the trackline at the point of departure using the GPS position\nrecorded in the log. These methods conform to research protocols followed by\nthe North Atlantic Right Whale Consortium (CCS, NEAq, URI, and WHOI) and\napproved by the US NMFS. Trackline and sighting data from the daily logs were\nentered into the Right Whale Initiative DBase program designed for\ncompatibility with the Right Whale Consortium database. Copies of the daily\nlogs from the aerial surveys are on file at CCS and URI.\n \nPhotographic Methods  \n i) Identification Photographs:  \n During aerial and shipboard surveys, photographs were taken on Kodak\nKodachrome 200ASA color slide film, using hand-held 35-mm cameras equipped\nwith 300-mm telephoto lenses and motor drives. From the air, photographers\nattempted to obtain good perpendicular photographs of the entire rostral\ncallosity pattern and back of every right whale encountered as well as any\nother scars or markings. From the boat, photographers attempted to collect\ngood oblique photographs of both sides of the head and chin, the body and the\nflukes. The data recorder on both platforms was responsible for keeping a\nwritten record of the roll and frame numbers shot by each photographer in the\ndaily log.\n \nii) Photo-analysis and Matching:  \n Photographs of right whale callosity patterns are used as a basis for\nidentification and cataloging of individuals, following methods developed by\nPayne et al (1983) and Kraus et al (1986). The cataloging of individually\nidentified animals is based on using high quality photographs of distinctive\ncallosity patterns (raised patches of roughened skin on the top and sides of\nthe head), ventral pigmentation, lip ridges, and scars (Kraus et al 1986). New\nEngland Aquarium (NEAq) has curated the catalogue since 1980 and to the best\nof their knowledge, all photographs of right whales taken in the North\nAtlantic since 1935 have been included in NEAq's files. This catalogue allows\nscientists to enumerate the population, and, from resightings of known\nindividuals, to monitor the animals' reproductive status, births, deaths,\nscarring, distribution and migrations. Since 1980, a total of 26,275 sightings\nof 436 individual right whales have been archived, of which 327 are thought to\nbe alive, as of December 2001 (A. Knowlton, NEAq, pers. comm.)\n \nThe matching process consists of separating photographs of right whales into\nindividuals and inter-matching between days within the season. To match\ndifferent sightings of the same whale, composite drawings and photographs of\nthe callosity patterns of individual right whales are compared to a limited\nsubset of the catalogue that includes animals with a similar appearance. For\nwhales that look alike in the first sort, the original photographs of all\nprobable matches are examined for callosity similarities and supplementary\nfeatures, including scars, pigmentation, lip crenulations, and morphometric\nratios. A match between different sightings is considered positive when the\ncallosity pattern and at least one other feature can be independently matched\nby at least two experienced researchers (Kraus et al 1986). Exceptions to this\nmultiple identifying feature requirement include whales that have unusual\ncallosity patterns, large scars or birthmarks, or deformities so unique that\nmatches from clear photographs can be based on only one feature. Preliminary\nphoto-analysis and inter-matching was carried out at CCS, with matches\nconfirmed using original photographs cataloged and archived at NEAq.\n \niii) Photographic Data Archiving  \n Upon completion of the matching process, all original slides were returned\nto CCS and incorporated into the CCS catalogue of identified right whales to\nupdate existing files, using the same numbering system as NEAq, in archival\nquality slide sheets. New England Aquarium (NEAq) archives copies of\nphotographs representing each sighting. Copies of photographs of individuals\nthat are better than existing records, and photographs of newly identified\nwhales, will be included in the NEAq master files as \\\"type specimens\\\" for\nfuture reference. The master files are maintained in fireproof safes at NEAq.\nAll catalogue files are available for inspection and on-site use by\ncontributors and collaborators.
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_nid String 55048
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_number String unknown NEC-CoopRes NOAA
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funder_name String National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_acronym String NOAA
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_source_nid String 352
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_data_type String Other
attribute NC_GLOBAL comment String Whale observation tracklines \n   P.I.:  Moira Brown \n  positions of survey lines used over the course of the study. \n  project title: 'Surveillance, Monitoring, and Management of  \n               Right Whales and Habitat of Cape Cod Bay: 2002' \n               (report tables 1a-d)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Conventions String COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_email String info at bco-dmo.org
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_name String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_url String https://www.bco-dmo.org/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL data_source String extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3  19 Dec 2019
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_created String 2010-06-16T20:40:39Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_modified String 2019-03-14T18:24:36Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL defaultDataQuery String &time<now
attribute NC_GLOBAL doi String 10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.2989.1
attribute NC_GLOBAL Easternmost_Easting double -69.8833
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_max double 42.6333
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_min double 41.05
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_units String degrees_north
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_max double -69.8833
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_min double -71.5
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_units String degrees_east
attribute NC_GLOBAL infoUrl String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/2989 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL institution String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_acronym String camera
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_dataset_instrument_description String 35 mm camera
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid String 4730
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_description String All types of photographic equipment including stills, video, film and digital systems.
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/311/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_name String Camera
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_nid String 520
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_supplied_name String Camera
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords String bco, bco-dmo, biological, chemical, comments, data, dataset, date, date_local, distance, distance_nm, dmo, erddap, lat_2, latitude, line, local, lon_2, longitude, management, oceanography, office, preliminary, region, region_line, year
attribute NC_GLOBAL license String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/2989/license (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL metadata_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/2989 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Northernmost_Northing double 42.6333
attribute NC_GLOBAL param_mapping String {'2989': {'lon_1': 'flag - longitude', 'lat_1': 'flag - latitude'}}
attribute NC_GLOBAL parameter_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/2989/parameters (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation String Provincetown Center for Coastal Studies
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation_acronym String PCCS
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_name String Dr Moira Brown
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_nid String 51013
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role String Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation String Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_name String Dr Daniel McKiernan
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_nid String 51014
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role String Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_affiliation String Provincetown Center for Coastal Studies
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_affiliation_acronym String PCCS
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_person_name String Dr Charles Mayo
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_person_nid String 51015
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_role String Co-Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_3_affiliation String Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_3_affiliation_acronym String WHOI
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_3_person_name String Nancy Copley
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_3_person_nid String 50396
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_3_role String BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_3_role_type String related
attribute NC_GLOBAL project String NEC-CoopRes
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_acronym String NEC-CoopRes
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_description String The Northeast Consortium encourages and funds cooperative research and monitoring projects in the Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank that have effective, equal partnerships among fishermen, scientists, educators, and marine resource managers.\nThe Northeast Consortium seeks to fund projects that will be conducted in a responsible manner. Cooperative research projects are designed to minimize any negative impacts to ecosystems or marine organisms, and be consistent with accepted ethical research practices, including the use of animals and human subjects in research, scrutiny of research protocols by an institutional board of review, etc.
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_geolocation String Georges Bank, Gulf of Maine
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_name String Northeast Consortium: Cooperative Research
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_project_nid String 2045
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_project_website String http://northeastconsortium.org/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_start_date String 1999-01
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_name String Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL sourceUrl String (local files)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Southernmost_Northing double 41.05
attribute NC_GLOBAL standard_name_vocabulary String CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute NC_GLOBAL subsetVariables String year
attribute NC_GLOBAL summary String Right Whales aerial surveillance tracklines over Cape Cod Bay and adjacent waters from the R/V Shearwater NEC-MB2002-1, 2002 (Northeast Consortium Cooperative Research project).
attribute NC_GLOBAL title String Right Whales aerial surveillance tracklines over Cape Cod Bay and adjacent waters from the R/V Shearwater NEC-MB2002-1, 2002 (NEC-CoopRes project)
attribute NC_GLOBAL version String 1
attribute NC_GLOBAL Westernmost_Easting double -71.5
attribute NC_GLOBAL xml_source String osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable region String
attribute region bcodmo_name String region
attribute region description String geographic sampling region
attribute region long_name String Region
variable region_line String
attribute region_line bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute region_line description String region code plus survey trackline number
attribute region_line long_name String Region Line
variable line byte
attribute line _FillValue byte 127
attribute line actual_range byte 1, 16
attribute line bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute line description String survey trackline number
attribute line long_name String Line
variable year short
attribute year _FillValue short 32767
attribute year actual_range short 2002, 2002
attribute year bcodmo_name String year
attribute year description String year
attribute year long_name String Year
attribute year nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/YEARXXXX/ (external link)
variable date_local String
attribute date_local bcodmo_name String date_local
attribute date_local description String date of survey, either range of months or precise day, depending on the trackline.
attribute date_local long_name String Date Local
variable latitude double
attribute latitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lat
attribute latitude _FillValue double NaN
attribute latitude actual_range double 41.05, 42.6333
attribute latitude axis String Y
attribute latitude bcodmo_name String latitude
attribute latitude colorBarMaximum double 90.0
attribute latitude colorBarMinimum double -90.0
attribute latitude description String latitude of survey trackline, usually for the entire line.
attribute latitude ioos_category String Location
attribute latitude long_name String Latitude
attribute latitude nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LATX/ (external link)
attribute latitude source_name String lat_1
attribute latitude standard_name String latitude
attribute latitude units String degrees_north
variable lat_2 float
attribute lat_2 _FillValue float NaN
attribute lat_2 actual_range float 41.05, 42.6333
attribute lat_2 bcodmo_name String latitude
attribute lat_2 colorBarMaximum double 90.0
attribute lat_2 colorBarMinimum double -90.0
attribute lat_2 description String latitude at end of each trackline
attribute lat_2 long_name String Latitude
attribute lat_2 nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LATX/ (external link)
attribute lat_2 standard_name String latitude
attribute lat_2 units String decimal degrees
variable longitude double
attribute longitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lon
attribute longitude _FillValue double NaN
attribute longitude actual_range double -71.5, -69.8833
attribute longitude axis String X
attribute longitude bcodmo_name String longitude
attribute longitude colorBarMaximum double 180.0
attribute longitude colorBarMinimum double -180.0
attribute longitude description String longitude, westernmost end of trackline (west is negative), in decimal degress
attribute longitude ioos_category String Location
attribute longitude long_name String Longitude
attribute longitude nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LONX/ (external link)
attribute longitude source_name String lon_1
attribute longitude standard_name String longitude
attribute longitude units String degrees_east
variable lon_2 float
attribute lon_2 _FillValue float NaN
attribute lon_2 actual_range float -70.5, -69.0
attribute lon_2 bcodmo_name String longitude
attribute lon_2 colorBarMaximum double 180.0
attribute lon_2 colorBarMinimum double -180.0
attribute lon_2 description String longitude, easternmost end of trackline (west is negative), in decimal degress
attribute lon_2 long_name String Longitude
attribute lon_2 nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LONX/ (external link)
attribute lon_2 standard_name String longitude
attribute lon_2 units String decimal degrees
variable distance_nm float
attribute distance_nm _FillValue float NaN
attribute distance_nm actual_range float 11.0, 65.0
attribute distance_nm bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute distance_nm description String distance traveled by survey, in nautical miles
attribute distance_nm long_name String Distance Nm
attribute distance_nm units String nm
variable comments String
attribute comments bcodmo_name String comment
attribute comments description String free text comments
attribute comments long_name String Comments

 
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