BCO-DMO ERDDAP
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Row Type Variable Name Attribute Name Data Type Value
attribute NC_GLOBAL access_formats String .htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson
attribute NC_GLOBAL acquisition_description String Experimental field studies were conducted during which red lionfish and other\ncommon reef fishes were caged and exposed to parasitic gnathiid isopods at\nshallow water reefs.
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_nid String 55160
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_number String OCE-0851162
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_data_url String http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=0851162 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funder_name String NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_acronym String NSF OCE
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_source_nid String 355
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager String David L. Garrison
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager_nid String 50534
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_data_type String Other
attribute NC_GLOBAL comment String Gnathiid Experiment 2009-2011 \n (From sub-project \"Lionfish Gnathiid expt 2009-2011\") \n Lead PI: Mark Hixon (OSU) \n Sub-Project Lead: Paul C. Sikkel (Arkansas State U.) \n Version: 14 March 2013
attribute NC_GLOBAL Conventions String COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_email String info at bco-dmo.org
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_name String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_url String https://www.bco-dmo.org/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL data_source String extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3  19 Dec 2019
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_created String 2013-03-14T19:39:04Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_modified String 2019-11-06T14:48:36Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL defaultDataQuery String &time<now
attribute NC_GLOBAL doi String 10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.3889.1
attribute NC_GLOBAL Easternmost_Easting double 123.31718
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_max double 23.77266
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_min double 9.32747
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_units String degrees_north
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_max double 123.31718
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_min double -80.06049
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_units String degrees_east
attribute NC_GLOBAL infoUrl String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/3889 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL institution String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords String area, area_skin, average, avg_gnathiid_density_on_Haemulid, bco, bco-dmo, biological, block, block_no, chemical, data, dataset, date, density, dmo, erddap, fed, fork, gnathiid, gnathiid_density, gnathiid_present, gnathiids, gnathiids_fed, gnathiids_tot, gnathiids_unfed, haemulid, host, host_species, latitude, len, len_fork, len_tot, lionfish, lionfish_to_Haemulid_gnathiid_density, longitude, management, oceanography, office, preliminary, present, rel, rel_gnathiid_density, site, skin, species, time, tot, unfed
attribute NC_GLOBAL license String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/3889/license (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL metadata_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/3889 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Northernmost_Northing double 23.77266
attribute NC_GLOBAL param_mapping String {'3889': {'lat': 'master - latitude', 'lon': 'master - longitude'}}
attribute NC_GLOBAL parameter_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/3889/parameters (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation String Oregon State University
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation_acronym String OSU
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_name String Mark Hixon
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_nid String 51647
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role String Lead Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation String Arkansas State University
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_name String Paul C. Sikkel
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_nid String 51665
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role String Scientist
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_affiliation String Oregon State University
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_affiliation_acronym String OSU
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_person_name String Lillian  J Tuttle
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_person_nid String 51662
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_role String Scientist
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_3_affiliation String Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_3_affiliation_acronym String WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_3_person_name String Shannon Rauch
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_3_person_nid String 51498
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_3_role String BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_3_role_type String related
attribute NC_GLOBAL project String Lionfish Invasion
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_acronym String Lionfish Invasion
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_description String Invasive species are increasingly introduced by human activities to new regions of the world where those species have never existed previously. In the absence of natural enemies (predators, competitors, and diseases) from their homeland, invasives may have strong negative effects on invaded ecosystems, especially systems with fewer species (\"ecological release\"), and may even drive native species extinct. However, if native natural enemies can somehow control the invaders (\"ecological resistance\"), then ecological disruption can be prevented or at least moderated. Most of the many invasive species in the sea have been seaweeds and invertebrates, and the few documented invasive marine fishes have not caused major problems. However, this situation has recently changed in a stunning and ominous way. In the early 1990s, lionfish (Pterois volitans) from the Pacific Ocean were accidentally or intentionally released from aquaria to the ocean in the vicinity of Florida. Camouflaged by shape and color, protected by venomous spines, consuming native coral-reef fishes voraciously, and reproducing rapidly, lionfish have subsequently undergone a population explosion. They now range from the mid-Atlantic coast of the US to the Caribbean, including the Bahamas. Native Atlantic fishes have never before encountered this spiny, stealthy, efficient predator and seldom take evasive action. In fact, the investigator has documented that a single lionfish is capable of reducing the abundance of small fish on a small coral patch reef by nearly 80% in just 5 weeks. There is great concern that invasive lionfish may severely reduce the abundance of native coral-reef fishes important as food for humans (e.g., grouper and snapper in their juvenile stages) as well as species that normally maintain the integrity of coral reefs (e.g., grazing parrotfishes that can prevent seaweeds from smothering corals). There are far more species of coral-reef fish in the Pacific than the Atlantic, so this invasion may represent a case of extreme ecological release with minor ecological resistance. Dr. Hixon and colleagues will study the mechanisms of ecological release in lionfish, as well as examine potential sources of ecological resistance in the heavily invaded Bahamas. Because very little is known about the ecology and behavior of lionfish in their native Pacific range, he will also conduct comparative studies in both oceans, which may provide clues regarding the extreme success of this invasion. In the Bahamas, the investigator will document the direct and indirect effects on native species of the ecological release of lionfish, both as a predator and as a competitor. These studies will be conducted at various scales of time and space, from short-term experiments on small patch reefs, to long-term experiments and observations on large reefs. Whereas direct effects involve mostly changes in the abundance of native species, indirect effects can be highly variable. For example, lionfish may actually indirectly benefit some native species by either consuming or outcompeting the competitors of those natives. The project will explore possible ecological resistance to the invasion by determining whether any native Bahamian species are effective natural enemies of lionfish, including predators, parasites, and competitors of both juvenile and adult lionfish. Comparative studies of natural enemies, as well as lionfish ecology and behavior, in both the Atlantic and the Pacific may provide clues regarding the explosive spread of lionfish in the Atlantic.\nRegarding broader impacts, this basic research will provide information valuable to coral-reef and fisheries managers fighting the lionfish invasion in the US, the Bahamas, and the greater Caribbean, especially if sources of native ecological resistance are identified. The study will fund the PhD research of U.S. graduate students, as well as involve assistance and participation by a broad variety of undergraduates and reef/fisheries managers, including women, minorities, native Bahamians, and native Pacific islanders. Participation in this project will promote education in marine ecology and conservation biology directly via Dr. Hixon's and graduate students' teaching and outreach activities, and indirectly via the experiences of undergraduate field assistants and various associates.
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_end_date String 2012-11
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_geolocation String Bahamas; Cayman Islands; Mariana Islands; Philippines
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_name String Ecological Release and Resistance at Sea: Invasion of Atlantic Coral Reefs by Pacific Lionfish
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_project_nid String 2256
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_project_website String http://hixon.science.oregonstate.edu/content/highlight-lionfish-invasion (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_start_date String 2009-06
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_name String Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL sourceUrl String (local files)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Southernmost_Northing double 9.32747
attribute NC_GLOBAL standard_name_vocabulary String CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute NC_GLOBAL summary String Results of experimental field studies, in the Bahamas, Cayman Islands, and Philippines, assessing susceptibility of red lionfish (Pterois volitans) to parasitic gnathiid isopods in both native and introduced ranges in 2009-2011.
attribute NC_GLOBAL title String Results of experimental field studies, in the Bahamas, Cayman Islands, and Philippines, assessing susceptibility of red lionfish (Pterois volitans) to parasitic gnathiid isopods in both native and introduced ranges in 2009-2011
attribute NC_GLOBAL version String 1
attribute NC_GLOBAL Westernmost_Easting double -80.06049
attribute NC_GLOBAL xml_source String osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable location String
attribute location bcodmo_name String site_descrip
attribute location description String Regional location where trial was conducted (Lee Stocking Island, Little Cayman, or the Philippines). Originally named 'Locality'.
attribute location long_name String Location
attribute location units String text
variable site String
attribute site bcodmo_name String site
attribute site description String Name of reef on which census was conducted.
attribute site long_name String Site
attribute site units String text
variable latitude double
attribute latitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lat
attribute latitude _FillValue double NaN
attribute latitude actual_range double 9.32747, 23.77266
attribute latitude axis String Y
attribute latitude bcodmo_name String latitude
attribute latitude colorBarMaximum double 90.0
attribute latitude colorBarMinimum double -90.0
attribute latitude description String Latitude of the experiment site.
attribute latitude ioos_category String Location
attribute latitude long_name String Latitude
attribute latitude nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LATX/ (external link)
attribute latitude standard_name String latitude
attribute latitude units String degrees_north
variable longitude double
attribute longitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lon
attribute longitude _FillValue double NaN
attribute longitude actual_range double -80.06049, 123.31718
attribute longitude axis String X
attribute longitude bcodmo_name String longitude
attribute longitude colorBarMaximum double 180.0
attribute longitude colorBarMinimum double -180.0
attribute longitude description String Longitude of the experiment site.
attribute longitude ioos_category String Location
attribute longitude long_name String Longitude
attribute longitude nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LONX/ (external link)
attribute longitude standard_name String longitude
attribute longitude units String degrees_east
variable host_species String
attribute host_species bcodmo_name String species
attribute host_species description String Species of host placed in individual cage.
attribute host_species long_name String Host Species
attribute host_species units String text
variable len_tot float
attribute len_tot _FillValue float NaN
attribute len_tot actual_range float 10.6, 33.0
attribute len_tot bcodmo_name String fish_len
attribute len_tot description String Total length in centimeters of the host.
attribute len_tot long_name String Len Tot
attribute len_tot units String cm
variable len_fork float
attribute len_fork _FillValue float NaN
attribute len_fork actual_range float 13.0, 28.3
attribute len_fork bcodmo_name String length
attribute len_fork description String Fork length in centimeters of the host.
attribute len_fork long_name String Len Fork
attribute len_fork units String cm
variable gnathiid_present String
attribute gnathiid_present bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute gnathiid_present description String Whether or not any gnathiid isopod was found on the host individual.
attribute gnathiid_present long_name String Gnathiid Present
attribute gnathiid_present units String y/n
variable gnathiids_fed byte
attribute gnathiids_fed _FillValue byte 127
attribute gnathiids_fed actual_range byte 0, 23
attribute gnathiids_fed bcodmo_name String number
attribute gnathiids_fed description String The total number of gnathiid isopods that appear to have a full belly, identifiable by red blood in the gut of the isopod.
attribute gnathiids_fed long_name String Gnathiids Fed
attribute gnathiids_fed units String number
variable gnathiids_unfed byte
attribute gnathiids_unfed _FillValue byte 127
attribute gnathiids_unfed actual_range byte 0, 3
attribute gnathiids_unfed bcodmo_name String number
attribute gnathiids_unfed description String The total number of gnathiid isopods that do not appear to have a full belly (no red blood in the gut of the isopod).
attribute gnathiids_unfed long_name String Gnathiids Unfed
attribute gnathiids_unfed units String number
variable gnathiids_tot byte
attribute gnathiids_tot _FillValue byte 127
attribute gnathiids_tot actual_range byte 0, 50
attribute gnathiids_tot bcodmo_name String number
attribute gnathiids_tot description String Number of gnathiid isopods present on host individual.
attribute gnathiids_tot long_name String Gnathiids Tot
attribute gnathiids_tot units String number
variable area_skin float
attribute area_skin _FillValue float NaN
attribute area_skin actual_range float 92.444, 976.173
attribute area_skin bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute area_skin description String Species-specific calculation of estimated surface area of the host's skin (in square centimeters), with consideration of host length.
attribute area_skin long_name String Area Skin
attribute area_skin units String cm^2
variable gnathiid_density float
attribute gnathiid_density _FillValue float NaN
attribute gnathiid_density actual_range float 0.0, 0.27515
attribute gnathiid_density bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute gnathiid_density description String Gnathiid density; Total number of gnathiids (gnathiids_tot) divided by estimated skin surface area (area_skin).
attribute gnathiid_density long_name String Gnathiid Density
attribute gnathiid_density units String tot. num. gnathiids per cm^2
variable rel_gnathiid_density float
attribute rel_gnathiid_density _FillValue float NaN
attribute rel_gnathiid_density actual_range float 0.0, 0.86
attribute rel_gnathiid_density bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute rel_gnathiid_density description String Gnathiid density among lionfish relative to density among all other families; lionfish gnathiid density (gnathiid_density) divided by family-wide mean calculation of gnathiid density.
attribute rel_gnathiid_density long_name String Rel Gnathiid Density
variable avg_gnathiid_density_on_Haemulid float
attribute avg_gnathiid_density_on_Haemulid _FillValue float NaN
attribute avg_gnathiid_density_on_Haemulid actual_range float 0.0092, 0.0396
attribute avg_gnathiid_density_on_Haemulid bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute avg_gnathiid_density_on_Haemulid description String Mean gnathiid density on Haemulid fishes at a given locality.
attribute avg_gnathiid_density_on_Haemulid long_name String Avg Gnathiid Density On Haemulid
variable lionfish_to_Haemulid_gnathiid_density float
attribute lionfish_to_Haemulid_gnathiid_density _FillValue float NaN
attribute lionfish_to_Haemulid_gnathiid_density actual_range float 0.0, 3.04061
attribute lionfish_to_Haemulid_gnathiid_density bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute lionfish_to_Haemulid_gnathiid_density description String Relative gnathiid (gnathiid density on lionfish/gnathiid density on Haemulids); Gnathiid density on lionfish ('density_gnathiid') divided by mean gnathiid density on Haemulid fishes at a given locality ('avg_gnathiid_density_on_Haemulid').
attribute lionfish_to_Haemulid_gnathiid_density long_name String Lionfish To Haemulid Gnathiid Density
variable date String
attribute date bcodmo_name String date
attribute date description String Date on which trial was conducted. in mm/dd/YYYY format.
attribute date long_name String Date
attribute date nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ADATAA01/ (external link)
attribute date source_name String date
attribute date time_precision String 1970-01-01
attribute date units String unitless
variable block_no byte
attribute block_no _FillValue byte 127
attribute block_no actual_range byte 1, 4
attribute block_no bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute block_no description String Number of block, corresponding to day on which trial was conducted.
attribute block_no long_name String Block No
attribute block_no units String integer

 
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