BCO-DMO ERDDAP
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Row Type Variable Name Attribute Name Data Type Value
attribute NC_GLOBAL access_formats String .htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv
attribute NC_GLOBAL acquisition_description String This was an observational field study conducted from June - August 2012 to\ndetermine whether lionfish behavior and movements change at different local\nlionfish and prey fish densities. \\u00a0The study was conducted on sixteen\nreefs in Rock Sound, Elethera, The Bahamas.\\u00a0 All reefs were at least 300\nm from any reef on which lionfish removals had occurred, and were selected to\nencompass a range of natural lionfish densities and reef sizes. \\u00a0\n \nA pair of divers visited each reef at three times of day: within 2 hours of\nsunrise (\\u2018dawn\\u2019), greater than 3 hours from sunrise or sunset\n(\\u2018midday\\u2019), and within 2 hours of sunset (\\u2018dusk\\u2019).\\u00a0\nUpon arriving at a reef, observers counted the number of lionfish present by\nconducting lionfish-focused searches.\\u00a0 For each lionfish, observers\nrecorded the size (total length, visually estimated to the nearest cm),\nbehavior, and location the moment it was sighted.\\u00a0 Behaviors were\ncategorized as resting (sitting on the substrate, not moving), hovering (in\nthe water column oriented parallel to the bottom, but not moving), swimming\n(actively moving), or hunting (oriented head down with pectoral fins\nflared).\\u00a0 Location was categorized as the microhabitat on which lionfish\nwere observed (e.g. under a ledge, on top of the reef, in the surrounding\nseagrass) and later divided into two major categories: sheltering (hidden\nunder structure) or exposed (on top of reef or in surrounding area).\\u00a0\nThen, 10-minute focal observations were conducted on two randomly-selected\nlionfish or a single lionfish when there was only one individual present per\nreef.\\u00a0 During focal observations, a trained observer recorded the\nbehavior of lionfish at 30-second intervals for 10 minutes using the same\ncategories as above.\\u00a0 The observers also noted any strikes at prey,\nsuccessful kills, and obviously aggressive interactions (chases, posturing)\nbetween lionfish or between lionfish and other species.\\u00a0 Throughout the\nentire visit to each reef, divers noted the time when any lionfish departed\nfrom or arrived at the reef and its behavior.\\u00a0 A lionfish was defined as\ndeparting from the reef if it traveled at least 10 m from the reef.\\u00a0 A\nlionfish was considered arriving at a reef if it swam in from the surrounding\nareas and had not been previously observed at that reef during that\nobservation period.\\u00a0 At the conclusion of the focal observations, the\ndivers re-counted the number of lionfish present while conducting a survey of\nresident native fishes.\\u00a0 Divers recorded the abundance and body size (TL)\nof all fish 1 - 15 cm TL, native mesopredators that are ecologically similar\nto lionfish (e.g. Cephalopholis cruentata [graysby grouper]), and top\npredators (e.g. Epinephelus striatus [Nassau grouper]) on and within 1 m of\nthe reef.
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_nid String 561016
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_number String OCE-1233027
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_data_url String http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1233027 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funder_name String NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_acronym String NSF OCE
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_source_nid String 355
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager String David L. Garrison
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager_nid String 50534
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_data_type String Other
attribute NC_GLOBAL comment String Behavior and Movement - Reef Observation Data \n   Lead PI: Mark Hixon \n   Sub-Project Lead: Casey Benkwitt \n   Version 9 August 2016 \n Species codes are first two letters of genus and species; See species key.
attribute NC_GLOBAL Conventions String COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_email String info at bco-dmo.org
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_name String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_url String https://www.bco-dmo.org/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL data_source String extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3  19 Dec 2019
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_created String 2016-08-10T20:04:50Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_modified String 2019-05-22T18:22:46Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL defaultDataQuery String &time<now
attribute NC_GLOBAL doi String 10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.653775.1
attribute NC_GLOBAL infoUrl String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/653775 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL institution String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords String amount, area, atmosphere, bco, bco-dmo, biological, chemical, cloud, cloud cover, cloud_area_fraction, cloud_cover, cloudiness, clouds, cover, current, data, dataset, date, density, dmo, earth, Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Amount/Frequency, erddap, fraction, frequency, lionfish, management, max, max_lionfish_density, max_lionfish_number, number, oceanography, office, period, preliminary, prey, prey_density, reef, science, site, site_size, size, time, time_period
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords_vocabulary String GCMD Science Keywords
attribute NC_GLOBAL license String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/653775/license (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL metadata_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/653775 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL param_mapping String {'653775': {}}
attribute NC_GLOBAL parameter_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/653775/parameters (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation String University of Hawaii
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_name String Mark Hixon
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_nid String 51647
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role String Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation String Oregon State University
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation_acronym String OSU
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_name String Cassandra E. Benkwitt
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_nid String 51706
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role String Contact
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role_type String related
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_affiliation String Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_affiliation_acronym String WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_person_name String Hannah Ake
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_person_nid String 650173
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_role String BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_role_type String related
attribute NC_GLOBAL project String BiodiversityLossEffects_lionfish
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_acronym String BiodiversityLossEffects_lionfish
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_description String The Pacific red lionfish (Pterois volitans), a popular aquarium fish, was introduced to the Atlantic Ocean in the vicinity of Florida in the late 20th century. Voraciously consuming small native coral-reef fishes, including the juveniles of fisheries and ecologically important species, the invader has undergone a population explosion that now ranges from the U.S. southeastern seaboard to the Gulf of Mexico and across the greater Caribbean region. The PI's past research determined that invasive lionfish (1) have escaped their natural enemies in the Pacific (lionfish are much less abundant in their native range); (2) are not yet controlled by Atlantic predators, competitors, or parasites; (3) have strong negative effects on populations of native Atlantic fishes; and (4) locally reduce the diversity (number of species) of native fishes. The lionfish invasion has been recognized as one of the major conservation threats worldwide.\nThe Bahamas support the highest abundances of invasive lionfish globally. This system thus provides an unprecedented opportunity to understand the direct and indirect effects of a major invader on a diverse community, as well as the underlying causative mechanisms. The PI will focus on five related questions: (1) How does long-term predation by lionfish alter the structure of native reef-fish communities? (2) How does lionfish predation destabilize native prey population dynamics, possibly causing local extinctions? (3) Is there a lionfish-herbivore-seaweed trophic cascade on invaded reefs? (4) How do lionfish modify cleaning mutualisms on invaded reefs? (5) Are lionfish reaching densities where natural population limits are evident?
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_end_date String 2016-07
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_geolocation String Three Bahamian sites: 24.8318, -076.3299;  23.8562, -076.2250; 23.7727, -076.1071; Caribbean Netherlands: 12.1599, -068.2820
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_name String Mechanisms and Consequences of Fish Biodiversity Loss on Atlantic Coral Reefs Caused by Invasive Pacific Lionfish
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_project_nid String 561017
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_project_website String http://hixon.science.oregonstate.edu/content/highlight-lionfish-invasion (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_start_date String 2012-08
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_name String Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL sourceUrl String (local files)
attribute NC_GLOBAL standard_name_vocabulary String CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute NC_GLOBAL summary String General information about lionfish density and envrionmental conditions in Eleuthera, Bahamas from July to August in 2012
attribute NC_GLOBAL title String [Reef observations during lionfish behavior surveys] - General information about lionfish density and envrionmental conditions in Eleuthera, Bahamas from July to August in 2012 (Mechanisms and Consequences of Fish Biodiversity Loss on Atlantic Coral Reefs Caused by Invasive Pacific Lionfish)
attribute NC_GLOBAL version String 1
attribute NC_GLOBAL xml_source String osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable time_period String
attribute time_period bcodmo_name String time
attribute time_period description String Time of observation; classified as either dawn midday or dusk
attribute time_period long_name String Time Period
attribute time_period nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/AHMSAA01/ (external link)
attribute time_period units String unitless
variable date String
attribute date bcodmo_name String date
attribute date description String Date that reef was surveyed; mm/dd/yy
attribute date long_name String Date
attribute date nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ADATAA01/ (external link)
attribute date units String unitless
variable reef String
attribute reef bcodmo_name String site
attribute reef description String Reef id where lionfish were observed
attribute reef long_name String Reef
attribute reef units String unitless
variable site_size float
attribute site_size _FillValue float NaN
attribute site_size actual_range float 1.48, 32.99
attribute site_size bcodmo_name String site
attribute site_size description String Size of reef
attribute site_size long_name String Site Size
attribute site_size units String meters
variable max_lionfish_number byte
attribute max_lionfish_number _FillValue byte 127
attribute max_lionfish_number actual_range byte 1, 16
attribute max_lionfish_number bcodmo_name String count
attribute max_lionfish_number colorBarMaximum double 100.0
attribute max_lionfish_number colorBarMinimum double 0.0
attribute max_lionfish_number description String Maximum number of lionfish observed on reef at during that observation
attribute max_lionfish_number long_name String Max Lionfish Number
attribute max_lionfish_number units String count
variable max_lionfish_density float
attribute max_lionfish_density _FillValue float NaN
attribute max_lionfish_density actual_range float 0.037, 1.477
attribute max_lionfish_density bcodmo_name String density
attribute max_lionfish_density description String Maximum density of lionfish observed on reef during that observation
attribute max_lionfish_density long_name String Max Lionfish Density
attribute max_lionfish_density units String max count per site area
variable prey_density float
attribute prey_density _FillValue float NaN
attribute prey_density actual_range float 0.635, 20.142
attribute prey_density bcodmo_name String density
attribute prey_density description String Total density of prey fishes (0-5 cm total length) on reef during that observation
attribute prey_density long_name String Prey Density
attribute prey_density units String count per meter
variable cloud_cover byte
attribute cloud_cover _FillValue byte 127
attribute cloud_cover actual_range byte 5, 95
attribute cloud_cover bcodmo_name String cloud_pct
attribute cloud_cover colorBarMaximum double 1.0
attribute cloud_cover colorBarMinimum double 0.0
attribute cloud_cover description String Percent of cloud cover
attribute cloud_cover long_name String Cloud Area Fraction
attribute cloud_cover units String percent
variable current String
attribute current bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute current description String Strength of current underwater: L = low M = medium
attribute current long_name String Current
attribute current units String unitless

 
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