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Row Type Variable Name Attribute Name Data Type Value
attribute NC_GLOBAL access_formats String .htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv
attribute NC_GLOBAL acquisition_description String Based on Tsounis and Edmunds (In press), Ecosphere:\\u00a0\n \nPhysical environmental conditions were characterized using three features that\nare well-known to affect coral reef community dynamics (described in Glynn\n1993, Rogers 1993, Fabricius et al. 2005): seawater temperature, rainfall, and\nhurricane intensity. Together, these were used to generate seven dependent\nvariables describing physical environmental features. Seawater temperature was\nrecorded at each site every 15-30 min using a variety of logging sensors (see\nEdmunds 2006 for detailed information on the temperature measurement regime).\nSeawater temperature was characterized using five dependent variables\ncalculated for each calendar year: mean temperature, maximum temperature, and\nminimum temperature (all averaged by day and month for each year), as well as\nthe number of days hotter than 29.3 deg C (\\u201chot days\\u201d), and the\nnumber of days with temperatures greater than or equal to 26.0 deg C\n(\\u201ccold days\\u201d). The temperature defining \\\"hot days\\\" was determined\nby the coral bleaching threshold for St. John\n([http://www.coral.noaa.gov/research/climate-change/coral-\nbleaching.html](\\\\\"http://www.coral.noaa.gov/research/climate-change/coral-\nbleaching.html\\\\\")), and the temperature defining \\\"cold days\\\" was taken as\n26.0 deg C which marks the lower 12th percentile of all daily temperatures\nbetween 1989 and 2005 (Edmunds, 2006). The upper temperature limit was defined\nby the local bleaching threshold, and the lower limit defined the\n12th\\u00a0percentile of local seawater temperature records (see Edmunds 2006\nfor details). Rainfall was measured at various locations around St. John (see\n[http://www.sercc.com](\\\\\"http://www.sercc.com\\\\\")) but often on the north\nshore (courtesy of R.\\u00a0Boulon) (see Edmunds and Gray 2014). To assess the\ninfluence of hurricanes, a categorical index of local hurricane impact was\nemployed, with the index based on qualitative estimates of wave impacts in\nGreat Lameshur Bay as a function of wind speed, wind direction, and distance\nof the nearest approach of each hurricane to the study area (see Gross and\nEdmunds 2015). Index values of 0 were assigned to years with no hurricanes,\n0.5 to hurricanes with low impacts, and 1 for hurricanes with high impacts,\nand years were characterized by the sum of their hurricane index values.
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_nid String 55191
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_number String DEB-0841441
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_data_url String http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0841441&HistoricalAwards=false (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funder_name String National Science Foundation
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_acronym String NSF
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_source_nid String 350
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager String Saran Twombly
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager_nid String 51702
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_1_award_nid String 562085
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_1_award_number String OCE-1332915
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_1_data_url String http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1332915 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_1_funder_name String NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_1_funding_acronym String NSF OCE
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_1_funding_source_nid String 355
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_1_program_manager String David L. Garrison
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_1_program_manager_nid String 50534
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_2_award_nid String 562593
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_2_award_number String DEB-1350146
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_2_data_url String http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1350146 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_2_funder_name String NSF Division of Environmental Biology
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_2_funding_acronym String NSF DEB
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_2_funding_source_nid String 550432
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_2_program_manager String Betsy Von Holle
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_2_program_manager_nid String 701685
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_data_type String Other
attribute NC_GLOBAL comment String Hurricane Data \n  G. Tsounis and P. Edmunds, PIs \n  Version 10 November 2016
attribute NC_GLOBAL Conventions String COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_email String info at bco-dmo.org
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_name String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_url String https://www.bco-dmo.org/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL data_source String extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3  19 Dec 2019
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_created String 2016-11-08T16:47:18Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_modified String 2018-11-08T19:58:40Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL defaultDataQuery String &time<now
attribute NC_GLOBAL doi String 10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.664760
attribute NC_GLOBAL infoUrl String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/664267 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL institution String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords String bco, bco-dmo, biological, chemical, data, dataset, date, distance, dmo, erddap, hurricane, hurricane_name, hurricaneSeverityIndex, index, interp, interp_date, interp_distance, interp_wind, lameshur, lameshur_wind, management, name, oceanography, office, preliminary, severity, wind, year
attribute NC_GLOBAL license String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/664267/license (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL metadata_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/664267 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL param_mapping String {'664267': {}}
attribute NC_GLOBAL parameter_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/664267/parameters (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation String California State University Northridge
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation_acronym String CSU-Northridge
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_name String Peter J. Edmunds
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_nid String 51536
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role String Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation String California State University Northridge
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation_acronym String CSU-Northridge
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_name String Dr Georgios Tsounis
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_nid String 565353
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role String Co-Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_affiliation String Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_affiliation_acronym String WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_person_name String Hannah Ake
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_person_nid String 650173
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_role String BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_role_type String related
attribute NC_GLOBAL project String St. John LTREB,VI Octocorals
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_acronym String St. John LTREB
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_description String Long Term Research in Environmental Biology (LTREB) in US Virgin Islands:\nFrom the NSF award abstract:\nIn an era of growing human pressures on natural resources, there is a critical need to understand how major ecosystems will respond, the extent to which resource management can lessen the implications of these responses, and the likely state of these ecosystems in the future. Time-series analyses of community structure provide a vital tool in meeting these needs and promise a profound understanding of community change. This study focuses on coral reef ecosystems; an existing time-series analysis of the coral community structure on the reefs of St. John, US Virgin Islands, will be expanded to 27 years of continuous data in annual increments. Expansion of the core time-series data will be used to address five questions: (1) To what extent is the ecology at a small spatial scale (1-2 km) representative of regional scale events (10's of km)? (2) What are the effects of declining coral cover in modifying the genetic population structure of the coral host and its algal symbionts? (3) What are the roles of pre- versus post-settlement events in determining the population dynamics of small corals? (4) What role do physical forcing agents (other than temperature) play in driving the population dynamics of juvenile corals? and (5) How are populations of other, non-coral invertebrates responding to decadal-scale declines in coral cover? Ecological methods identical to those used over the last two decades will be supplemented by molecular genetic tools to understand the extent to which declining coral cover is affecting the genetic diversity of the corals remaining. An information management program will be implemented to create broad access by the scientific community to the entire data set.\nThe importance of this study lies in the extreme longevity of the data describing coral reefs in a unique ecological context, and the immense potential that these data possess for understanding both the patterns of comprehensive community change (i.e., involving corals, other invertebrates, and genetic diversity), and the processes driving them. Importantly, as this project is closely integrated with resource management within the VI National Park, as well as larger efforts to study coral reefs in the US through the NSF Moorea Coral Reef LTER, it has a strong potential to have scientific and management implications that extend further than the location of the study.\nThe following publications and data resulted from this project:\n2015    Edmunds PJ, Tsounis G, Lasker HR (2015) Differential distribution of octocorals and scleractinians around St. John and St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands. Hydrobiologia. doi: 10.1007/s10750-015-2555-zoctocoral - sp. abundance and distributionDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file)\n2015    Lenz EA, Bramanti L, Lasker HR, Edmunds PJ. Long-term variation of octocoral populations in St. John, US Virgin Islands. Coral Reefs DOI 10.1007/s00338-015-1315-xoctocoral survey - densitiesoctocoral counts - photoquadrats vs. insitu surveyoctocoral literature reviewDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file)\n2015   Privitera-Johnson, K., et al., Density-associated recruitment in octocoral communities in St. John, US Virgin Islands, J.Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. DOI 10.1016/j.jembe.2015.08.006octocoral recruitmentDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file)\n2014    Edmunds PJ. Landscape-scale variation in coral reef community structure in the United States Virgin Islands. Marine Ecology Progress Series 509: 137–152. DOI 10.3354/meps10891.\nData at MCR-VINP.\nDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file)\n2014    Edmunds PJ, Nozawa Y, Villanueva RD.  Refuges modulate coral recruitment in the Caribbean and Pacific.  Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 454: 78-84. DOI: 10.1016/j.jembe.2014.02.00\nData at MCR-VINP.Download complete data for this publication (Excel file)\n2014    Edmunds PJ, Gray SC.  The effects of storms, heavy rain, and sedimentation on the shallow coral reefs of St. John, US Virgin Islands.  Hydrobiologia 734(1):143-148.\nData at MCR-VINP.Download complete data for this publication (Excel file)\n2014    Levitan, D, Edmunds PJ, Levitan K. What makes a species common? No evidence of density-dependent recruitment or mortality of the sea urchin Diadema antillarum after the 1983-1984 mass mortality.  Oecologia. DOI 10.1007/s00442-013-2871-9.\nData at MCR-VINP.Download complete data for this publication (Excel file)\n2014    Lenz EA, Brown D, Didden C, Arnold A, Edmunds PJ.  The distribution of hermit crabs and their gastropod shells on shallow reefs in St. John, US Virgin Islands.  Bulletin of Marine Science 90(2):681-692. https://dx.doi.org/10.5343/bms.2013.1049\nData at MCR-VINP.Download complete data for this publication (Excel file)\n2013    Edmunds PJ.  Decadal-scale changes in the community structure of coral reefs in St. John, US Virgin Islands.  Marine Ecology Progress Series 489: 107-123.\nData at MCR-VINP.Download complete data for this publication (zipped Excel files)\n2013    Brown D, Edmunds PJ.  Long-term changes in the population dynamics of the Caribbean hydrocoral Millepora spp.  J. Exp Mar Biol Ecol 441: 62-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jembe.2013.01.013Millepora colony sizeMillepora cover - temps - storms 1992-2008Millepora cover 1992-2008seawater temperature USVI 1992-2008storms USVI 1992-2008Download complete data for this publication (Excel file)\n2012    Brown D, Edmunds PJ. The hermit crab Calcinus tibicen lives commensally on Millepora spp. in St. John, United States Virgin Islands.  Coral Reefs 32: 127-135. doi: 10.1007/s00338-012-0948-2crab abundance and coral sizecrab displacement behaviorcrab nocturnal surveyscrab predator avoidanceDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file)\n2011    Green DH, Edmunds PJ.  Spatio-temporal variability of coral recruitment on shallow reefs in St. John, US Virgin Islands.  Journal of Experimenal Marine Biology and Ecology 397: 220-229.\nData at MCR-VINP.Download complete data for this publication (Excel file)\n2011    Colvard NB, Edmunds PJ. (2011) Decadal-scale changes in invertebrate abundances on a Caribbean coral reef.  Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 397(2): 153-160. doi: 10.1016/j.jembe.2010.11.015benthic invert codesinverts - Tektite and Yawzi Ptinverts - pooledDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file)
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_end_date String 2014-04
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_geolocation String St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands; California State University Northridge
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_name String LTREB Long-term coral reef community dynamics in St. John, USVI: 1987-2019
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_project_nid String 2272
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_project_website String http://coralreefs.csun.edu/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_start_date String 2009-05
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_1_acronym String VI Octocorals
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_1_description String The recent past has not been good for coral reefs, and journals have been filled with examples of declining coral cover, crashing fish populations, rising cover of macroalgae, and a future potentially filled with slime. However, reefs are more than the corals and fishes for which they are known best, and their biodiversity is affected strongly by other groups of organisms. The non-coral fauna of reefs is being neglected in the rush to evaluate the loss of corals and fishes, and this project will add on to an on-going long term ecological study by studying soft corals. This project will be focused on the ecology of soft corals on reefs in St. John, USVI to understand the Past, Present and the Future community structure of soft corals in a changing world. For the Past, the principal investigators will complete a retrospective analysis of octocoral abundance in St. John between 1992 and the present, as well as Caribbean-wide since the 1960's. For the Present, they will: (i) evaluate spatio-temporal changes between soft corals and corals, (ii) test for the role of competition with macroalgae and between soft corals and corals as processes driving the rising abundance of soft corals, and (iii) explore the role of soft corals as \"animal forests\" in modifying physical conditions beneath their canopy, thereby modulating recruitment dynamics. For the Future the project will conduct demographic analyses on key soft corals to evaluate annual variation in population processes and project populations into a future impacted by global climate change.\nThis project was funded to provide and independent \"overlay\" to the ongoing LTREB award (DEB-1350146, co-funded by OCE, PI Edmunds) focused on the long-term dynamics of coral reefs in St. John.\nNote: This project is closely associated with the project \"RAPID: Resilience of Caribbean octocorals following Hurricanes Irma and Maria\". See: https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/749653.\nThe following publications and data resulted from this project:\n2017 Tsounis, G., and P. J. Edmunds. Three decades of coral reef community dynamics in St. John, USVI: a contrast of scleractinians and octocorals. Ecosphere 8(1):e01646. DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1646Rainfall and temperature dataCoral and macroalgae abundance and distributionDescriptions of hurricanes affecting St. John\n2016 Gambrel, B. and Lasker, H.R. Marine Ecology Progress Series 546: 85–95, DOI: 10.3354/meps11670Colony to colony interactionsEunicea flexuosa interactionsGorgonia ventalina asymmetryNearest neighbor surveys\n2015 Lenz EA, Bramanti L, Lasker HR, Edmunds PJ. Long-term variation of octocoral populations in St. John, US Virgin Islands. Coral Reefs DOI 10.1007/s00338-015-1315-xoctocoral survey - densitiesoctocoral counts - photoquadrats vs. insitu surveyoctocoral literature reviewDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file)\n2015 Privitera-Johnson, K., et al., Density-associated recruitment in octocoral communities in St. John, US Virgin Islands, J.Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. DOI: 10.1016/j.jembe.2015.08.006octocoral density dependenceDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file)\nOther datasets related to this project:octocoral transects - adult colony height
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_1_end_date String 2016-08
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_1_geolocation String St. John, US Virgin Islands:  18.3185, 64.7242
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_1_name String Ecology and functional biology of octocoral communities
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_1_project_nid String 562086
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_1_project_website String http://coralreefs.csun.edu/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_1_start_date String 2013-09
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_name String Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL sourceUrl String (local files)
attribute NC_GLOBAL standard_name_vocabulary String CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute NC_GLOBAL summary String Names and descriptions of hurricanes near St. John USVI.
attribute NC_GLOBAL title String [Descriptions of hurricanes affecting St. John] - Storm record from St. John, USVI in 1987–2011 (St. John LTREB project, VI Octocorals project). (LTREB Long-term coral reef community dynamics in St. John, USVI: 1987-2019)
attribute NC_GLOBAL version String 1
attribute NC_GLOBAL xml_source String osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable year short
attribute year _FillValue short 32767
attribute year actual_range short 1987, 2011
attribute year bcodmo_name String year
attribute year description String Year of hurricane; YYYY
attribute year long_name String Year
attribute year nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/YEARXXXX/ (external link)
attribute year units String unitless
variable hurricane_name String
attribute hurricane_name bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute hurricane_name description String Name of hurricane
attribute hurricane_name long_name String Hurricane Name
attribute hurricane_name units String unitless
variable distance short
attribute distance _FillValue short 32767
attribute distance actual_range short 10, 395
attribute distance bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute distance description String Distance of the closest recorded point to Lameshur Bay based on NOAAs every-6-hour data recording
attribute distance long_name String Distance
attribute distance units String kilometers
variable wind short
attribute wind _FillValue short 32767
attribute wind actual_range short 40, 150
attribute wind bcodmo_name String wind_speed
attribute wind description String Windspeed of the sustained winds for the data point at which the storm made its closest pass to Lameshur Bay
attribute wind long_name String Wind
attribute wind units String miles per hour
variable interp_distance float
attribute interp_distance _FillValue float NaN
attribute interp_distance actual_range float 8.5, 392.9
attribute interp_distance bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute interp_distance description String Distance of the closest approach to Lameshur Bay based on linearly interpolating the storm track between NOAAs data points
attribute interp_distance long_name String Interp Distance
attribute interp_distance units String kilometers
variable interp_wind float
attribute interp_wind _FillValue float NaN
attribute interp_wind actual_range float 40.0, 151.88
attribute interp_wind bcodmo_name String wind_speed
attribute interp_wind description String Windspeed of the sustained winds at the point of closest approach to Lameshur Bay, based on linearly interpolating the wind speed from NOAAs measurements
attribute interp_wind long_name String Interp Wind
attribute interp_wind units String kilometers
variable interp_date float
attribute interp_date _FillValue float NaN
attribute interp_date actual_range float 189.71, 345.0
attribute interp_date bcodmo_name String yrday
attribute interp_date description String Julian date of the closest approach linearly interpolated
attribute interp_date long_name String Interp Date
attribute interp_date units String unitless
variable lameshur_wind float
attribute lameshur_wind _FillValue float NaN
attribute lameshur_wind actual_range float 0.17, 70.1
attribute lameshur_wind bcodmo_name String wind_speed
attribute lameshur_wind description String Windspeed at Lameshur Bay at the moment of closest approach based on an exponential decay function for windspeed with increasing distance from the storm center and a decay rate of 0.016 km^-1 as reported in PJEs Millepora paper
attribute lameshur_wind long_name String Lameshur Wind
attribute lameshur_wind units String miles per hour
variable hurricaneSeverityIndex float
attribute hurricaneSeverityIndex _FillValue float NaN
attribute hurricaneSeverityIndex actual_range float 0.0, 1.0
attribute hurricaneSeverityIndex bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute hurricaneSeverityIndex description String Major (=1) / minor (=0.5) storm classification based on lines 262-271 of Pete Emunds draft 25y of change manuscript.  (Note that corresponding text was cut from the final version of the publication.)
attribute hurricaneSeverityIndex long_name String Hurricane Severity Index
attribute hurricaneSeverityIndex units String unitless

 
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