BCO-DMO ERDDAP
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Row Type Variable Name Attribute Name Data Type Value
attribute NC_GLOBAL access_formats String .htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv
attribute NC_GLOBAL acquisition_description String The study was conducted from November 2010 through February 2011 and between\nNovember 2011 and January 2012 on shallow (~1 m below the surface at low tide,\nequal or shallower than 2 m at high tide), intertidal fringing reefs platforms\n(up to 800-m wide) along the Coral Coast (18\\u00ba\\u00a013.05\\u2019S,\n177\\u00ba\\u00a042.97\\u2019E) of Viti Levu, Fiji\\u2019s main island. Many of\nthe owners of traditional fishing rights along the Coral Coast have\nestablished small, customary no-take MPAs to improve and sustain their\nadjacent fishing grounds. The MPAs in this region are delimited by surface\nmarkings and enforced by local villagers, and they have been closed to all\nfishing activities since their inception (about 10 years). The only exception\nto this closure was a small experimental hook and line fishing research\nproject that was conducted in the MPAs of Votua and\\u00a0Namada. In the\n\\u00a0non-MPAs, the main fishing targets are species of Acanthuridae\n(Nasinae), Epinephelidae, Labridae, Mullidae, and Lutjanidae. Permission for\nthe research was granted by the Fijian Ministry of Education, National\nHeritage, Culture & Arts, Youth & Sports, which is authorized to approve field\nstudies in Fijian waters. No animal collection or experimental procedures\ninvolving animals were conducted during the study, and no endangered species\nwere recorded during our assessments.\\u00a0\n \nTo assess the effects of MPAs on fish assemblages, fish feeding group\ncomposition, herbivory rates, benthic cover, and coral recruit density, we\ncompared three spatially paired MPA and adjacent, fished, areas (non-MPAs)\nassociated with the villages of\nVotua,\\u00a0Vatu-o-lalai\\u00a0and\\u00a0Namada.\\u00a0 Comparisons of fish\nassemblages inside and outside of closures are widely used for determining the\neffects of reserves, but it should be acknowledged that this approach does not\nreveal the state of an MPA relative to an undisturbed baseline.\\u00a0\n \nThe studied MPAs were established in 2002 (Vatu-o-lalai,\\u00a0Namada) and 2003\n(Votua), and shortly after establishment, coral cover was low (~7%),\nand\\u00a0macroalgal\\u00a0cover was high (~35\\u201345%) in both the MPAs and\n\\u00a0non-MPAs. All surveys and assays were conducted during the same season\n(austral summer) to minimize seasonal variation in sampling. The reef extends\napprox. 1 km from shore within each MPA and\\u00a0non-MPA,\\u00a0and all data\nwere collected between 30 and 700 m of the shore (i.e., shoreward of the reef\ncrest) parallel to the\\u00a0shoreline.\n \nFish feeding groups: The structure of fish feeding groups was assessed using a\nseries of 10-min timed transects, which maximized the distance transversed in\nsearch of groups rather than being limited to a 30m transect where there may\nbe no groups. A fish feeding group was defined as any aggregation of two or\nmore fish in which individuals were observed feeding or biting a potential\nfood source.\n \nA total of 30 timed transects (n = 15 MPA; n= 15 non-MPA) were performed at\neach of the three village sites (n = 90 transects total). Transects were\nconducted within 2 h of high tide and equally distributed from 10:00\nh\\u201314:00 h. A group was counted if at least one individual in the\naggregation was inside the transect area. For each feeding group, all\nindividuals were identified to species, their total length (TL) estimated and\nplaced into 5cm size classes. Fish lengths were converted to biomass using\nestablished length-weight relationships. For each transect, a snorkeler swam\nparallel to the reef crest for 10 min at a standard speed and recorded all\nfish groups within 2 m of each side of the transect. On each sampling day,\nfive transects were deployed on the reef parallel to the shoreline. Adjacent\ntransects were separated by a minimum of 20 m, and small surface floats and\nreef and shoreline landmarks were used to avoid resampling the same\nareas.\\u00a0
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_nid String 480718
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_number String OCE-0929119
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_data_url String http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0929119 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funder_name String NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_acronym String NSF OCE
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_source_nid String 355
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager String David L. Garrison
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager_nid String 50534
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_1_award_nid String 674109
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_1_award_number String U01-TW007401
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_1_data_url String https://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?icde=0&aid=7741942 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_1_funder_name String National Institutes of Health
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_1_funding_acronym String NIH
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_1_funding_source_nid String 636502
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_1_program_manager String Flora Katz
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_1_program_manager_nid String 674108
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_data_type String Other
attribute NC_GLOBAL comment String M. Hay \n  Fish Group Biodiversity \n  Version 6 January 2017
attribute NC_GLOBAL Conventions String COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_email String info at bco-dmo.org
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_name String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_url String https://www.bco-dmo.org/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL data_source String extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3  19 Dec 2019
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_created String 2017-01-07T00:42:46Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_modified String 2019-04-05T15:15:08Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL defaultDataQuery String &time<now
attribute NC_GLOBAL doi String 10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.674153.1
attribute NC_GLOBAL infoUrl String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/674153 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL institution String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords String bco, bco-dmo, biological, chemical, data, dataset, day, dmo, erddap, management, oceanography, office, preliminary, shannon, site, status, transect
attribute NC_GLOBAL license String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/674153/license (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL metadata_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/674153 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL param_mapping String {'674153': {}}
attribute NC_GLOBAL parameter_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/674153/parameters (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation String Georgia Institute of Technology
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation_acronym String Georgia Tech
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_name String Mark Hay
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_nid String 480720
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role String Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation String Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation_acronym String WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_name String Hannah Ake
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_nid String 650173
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role String BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role_type String related
attribute NC_GLOBAL project String Killer Seaweeds
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_acronym String Killer Seaweeds
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_description String Extracted from the NSF award abstract:\nCoral reefs are in dramatic global decline, with reefs commonly converting from species-rich and topographically-complex communities dominated by corals to species- poor and topographically-simplified communities dominated by seaweeds. These phase-shifts result in fundamental loss of ecosystem function. Despite debate about whether coral-to-algal transitions are commonly a primary cause, or simply a consequence, of coral mortality, rigorous field investigation of seaweed-coral competition has received limited attention. There is limited information on how the outcome of seaweed-coral competition varies among species or the relative importance of different competitive mechanisms in facilitating seaweed dominance. In an effort to address this topic, the PI will conduct field experiments in the tropical South Pacific (Fiji) to determine the effects of seaweeds on corals when in direct contact, which seaweeds are most damaging to corals, the role allelopathic lipids that are transferred via contact in producing these effects, the identity and surface concentrations of these metabolites, and the dynamic nature of seaweed metabolite production and coral response following contact. The herbivorous fishes most responsible for controlling allelopathic seaweeds will be identified, the roles of seaweed metabolites in allelopathy vs herbivore deterrence will be studied, and the potential for better managing and conserving critical reef herbivores so as to slow or reverse conversion of coral reef to seaweed meadows will be examined.\nPreliminary results indicate that seaweeds may commonly damage corals via lipid- soluble allelochemicals. Such chemically-mediated interactions could kill or damage adult corals and produce the suppression of coral fecundity and recruitment noted by previous investigators and could precipitate positive feedback mechanisms making reef recovery increasingly unlikely as seaweed abundance increases. Chemically-mediated seaweed-coral competition may play a critical role in the degradation of present-day coral reefs. Increasing information on which seaweeds are most aggressive to corals and which herbivores best limit these seaweeds may prove useful in better managing reefs to facilitate resilience and possible recovery despite threats of global-scale stresses. Fiji is well positioned to rapidly use findings from this project for better management of reef resources because it has already erected >260 MPAs, Fijian villagers have already bought-in to the value of MPAs, and the Fiji Locally-Managed Marine Area (FLMMA) Network is well organized to get information to villagers in a culturally sensitive and useful manner.\nThe broader impacts of this project are far reaching. The project provides training opportunities for 2-2.5 Ph.D students and 1 undergraduate student each year in the interdisciplinary areas of marine ecology, marine conservation, and marine chemical ecology. Findings from this project will be immediately integrated into classes at Ga Tech and made available throughout Fiji via a foundation and web site that have already set-up to support marine conservation efforts in Fiji and marine education efforts both within Fiji and internationally. Business and community leaders from Atlanta (via Rotary International Service efforts) have been recruited to help organize and fund community service and outreach projects in Fiji -- several of which are likely to involve marine conservation and education based in part on these efforts there. Media outlets (National Geographic, NPR, Animal Planet, Audubon Magazine, etc.) and local Rotary clubs will be used to better disseminate these discoveries to the public.\nPUBLICATIONS PRODUCED AS A RESULT OF THIS RESEARCH\nRasher DB, Stout EP, Engel S, Kubanek J, and ME Hay. \"Macroalgal terpenes function as allelopathic agents against reef corals\", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 108, 2011, p. 17726.\nBeattie AJ, ME Hay, B Magnusson, R de Nys, J Smeathers, JFV Vincent. \"Ecology and bioprospecting,\" Austral Ecology, v.36, 2011, p. 341.\nRasher DB and ME Hay. \"Seaweed allelopathy degrades the resilience and function of coral reefs,\" Communicative and Integrative Biology, v.3, 2010.\nHay ME, Rasher DB. \"Corals in crisis,\" The Scientist, v.24, 2010, p. 42.\nHay ME and DB Rasher. \"Coral reefs in crisis: reversing the biotic death spiral,\" Faculty 1000 Biology Reports 2010, v.2, 2010.\nRasher DB and ME Hay. \"Chemically rich seaweeds poison corals when not controlled by herbivores\", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v.107, 2010, p. 9683.
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_end_date String 2014-08
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_geolocation String Viti Levu, Fiji (18º13.049’S, 177º42.968’E)
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_name String Killer Seaweeds: Allelopathy against Fijian Corals
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_project_nid String 480717
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_start_date String 2009-09
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_name String Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL sourceUrl String (local files)
attribute NC_GLOBAL standard_name_vocabulary String CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute NC_GLOBAL summary String Biodiversity of fish feeding groups in Viti Levu, Fiji from 2010-2012 (Killer Seaweeds project)
attribute NC_GLOBAL title String [Biodiversity of fish feeding groups] - Biodiversity of fish feeding groups in Viti Levu, Fiji from 2010-2012 (Killer Seaweeds project) (Killer Seaweeds: Allelopathy against Fijian Corals)
attribute NC_GLOBAL version String 1
attribute NC_GLOBAL xml_source String osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable status String
attribute status bcodmo_name String site_descrip
attribute status description String Status of area where sampling was done; Marine Protected Area (MPA) or non-MPA (NON)
attribute status long_name String Status
attribute status units String unitless
variable site String
attribute site bcodmo_name String site
attribute site description String Site name
attribute site long_name String Site
attribute site units String unitless
variable shannon double
attribute shannon _FillValue double NaN
attribute shannon actual_range double 0.0, 1.709472777
attribute shannon bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute shannon description String Shannon biodiversity index
attribute shannon long_name String Shannon
attribute shannon units String unitless
variable g short
attribute g _FillValue short 32767
attribute g actual_range short 1, 203
attribute g bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute g description String G error
attribute g long_name String G
attribute g units String unitless
variable day String
attribute day bcodmo_name String time_point
attribute day description String Day that sampling took place within each years sampling event. A B and C all took place in during year A (Dec 2010 - Jan 2011); D E and F all took place during year B (Dec 2011 - Jan 2012)
attribute day long_name String Day
attribute day units String unitless
variable transect byte
attribute transect _FillValue byte 127
attribute transect actual_range byte 1, 5
attribute transect bcodmo_name String transect
attribute transect description String Transect number
attribute transect long_name String Transect
attribute transect units String unitless

 
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