BCO-DMO ERDDAP
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Row Type Variable Name Attribute Name Data Type Value
attribute NC_GLOBAL access_formats String .htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv
attribute NC_GLOBAL acquisition_description String Bugula neritina colonies were collected by hand off the sides of floating\ndocks around Morehead City, NC (latitude: 34.7, longitude: -76.8). Larvae from\nindividual colonies were collected and settled into 10 mL of filtered seawater\nwith (treated) or without (control) 100 ug/mL of gentamicin.\\u00a0Larvae were\nallowed to settle overnight. The control and treated seawater was changed the\nnext morning for the next 3 days. The plates were transported to Georgia Tech\nwhere they were placed in 2.5 gallon tanks with artificial seawater maintained\nin environmental chambers at 16 degrees C and 22 degrees C. They were fed ad\nlibitum an artificial diet of the phytoplankton Rhodomonas lens for\napproximately one month.\\u00a0After the 1-month period, the size of the\ncolonies was measured by counting the number of bifurcations in each\ncolony.\\u00a0A Leica stereomicroscope was used while counting the number of\ncolony bifurcations. Samples of larvae, juvenile, and the grown colonies were\nplaced in RNAlater for symbiont quantification analysis by quantitative PCR\n(currently in progress).
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_nid String 645347
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_number String OCE-1608709
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_data_url String http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1608709 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funder_name String NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_acronym String NSF OCE
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_source_nid String 355
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager String Michael E. Sieracki
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager_nid String 50446
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_data_type String Other
attribute NC_GLOBAL comment String Mesocosm Growth Data \n PI: Nicole Lopanik (Georgia Institute of Technology) \n Co-PI: Grace Lim-Fong (Randolph-Macon College) \n Version: 16 November 2017
attribute NC_GLOBAL Conventions String COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_email String info at bco-dmo.org
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_name String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_url String https://www.bco-dmo.org/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL data_source String extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3  19 Dec 2019
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_created String 2017-11-16T19:34:09Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_modified String 2019-08-01T19:47:24Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL defaultDataQuery String &time<now
attribute NC_GLOBAL doi String 10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.719459.1
attribute NC_GLOBAL infoUrl String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/719459 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL institution String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid String 719468
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_description String Instruments that generate enlarged images of samples using the phenomena of reflection and absorption of visible light. Includes conventional and inverted instruments. Also called a \"light microscope\".
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB05/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_name String Microscope-Optical
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_nid String 708
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_supplied_name String Leica stereomicroscope
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_acronym String Aquarium
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_dataset_instrument_nid String 719467
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_description String Aquarium - a vivarium consisting of at least one transparent side in which water-dwelling plants or animals are kept
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_instrument_name String Aquarium
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_instrument_nid String 711
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_supplied_name String tank
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords String average, bco, bco-dmo, biological, chemical, colony, colony_num, cont, cont_avg, cont_N, cont_sd, data, dataset, dmo, erddap, genotype, management, num, oceanography, office, preliminary, temperature, treat, treat_avg, treat_N, treat_sd
attribute NC_GLOBAL license String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/719459/license (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL metadata_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/719459 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL param_mapping String {'719459': {}}
attribute NC_GLOBAL parameter_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/719459/parameters (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation String Georgia Institute of Technology
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation_acronym String Georgia Tech
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_name String Nicole Lopanik
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_nid String 645350
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role String Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation String Randolph-Macon College
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_name String Grace Lim-Fong
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_nid String 645352
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role String Co-Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_affiliation String Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_affiliation_acronym String WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_person_name String Shannon Rauch
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_person_nid String 51498
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_role String BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_role_type String related
attribute NC_GLOBAL project String BiogeogDefensiveSymb
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_acronym String BiogeogDefensiveSymb
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_description String Recent research has shown that microorganisms can be very important to their eukaryotic hosts, by providing nutrition or contributing to host defense against enemies, such as pathogens or predators. In many cases, however, hosting a bacterial symbiont imposes a physiological cost on the host organism, resulting in reduced growth or reproduction in the presence of the symbiont. Further, these costs may be more pronounced in some habitats than others, causing natural selection to act in eliminating symbiont-containing hosts from the population. In this project, the investigators are studying the relationship between the marine bryozoan invertebrate, Bugula neritina, and its uncultured symbiont. The symbiont produces natural products with activity against cancer, Alzheimer's disease, and HIV. Interestingly, these compounds also are distasteful and protect larvae from predators, indicating that this symbiotic relationship is defensive in nature. Along the East Coast of the US, the investigators have found a much higher proportion of individuals that have the defensive symbiont at lower latitudes, while the symbiont is absent in individuals collected at higher latitudes. This pattern is consistent with the theory that higher predation pressure exists at lower latitudes. Other environmental factors, such as temperature, can also vary over a wide geographical area, and may also play a role in influencing the relationship. In this project, the investigators will evaluate the ecological and environmental parameters that influence the distribution of a defensive symbiont, including predation pressure and temperature. Defensive symbionts represent another level of ecological complexity, and likely play an important role in structuring marine communities. This study will provide insight into how environmental factors can influence host-symbiont interactions and drive partner co-evolution. Furthermore, the bioactive products have pharmaceutical potential, and understanding how environmental factors influence the relationship between B. neritina and its symbiont may improve bioprospecting for novel compounds that could be developed into drugs.\n\nIn this research, the investigators will determine the ecological and environmental parameters that influence the distribution of a defensive symbiont in the marine bryozoan, Bugula neritina. The goal of this research is to determine the mechanism that results in the defensive endosymbiont being restricted to hosts that inhabit lower latitudes. This pattern of symbiont distribution could be the result of differing levels of costs and benefits at different latitudes: where predation pressure is low, the costs of hosting the symbiont outweigh the benefits, and aposymbiotic individuals outcompete their symbiotic conspecifics. In areas of higher predation, the defensive benefit outweighs the cost, and symbiotic individuals have higher survival rates than their undefended, aposymbiotic conspecifics. An alternative, but not mutually exclusive hypothesis, is that symbiont growth is inhibited at higher latitudes, where it is not as beneficial, and growth is induced in areas of higher predation. Specific goals are to determine if (1) a biogeographical cline in predation pressure corresponds to a gradient of symbiont frequency associating with the host, (2) symbiotic hosts have a higher fitness at low latitudes, and aposymbiotic hosts have a higher fitness at high latitudes, and (3) symbiont growth is promoted at low latitudes and inhibited at high latitudes. A combination of field and laboratory-based experiments will be conducted using ecological and molecular biology techniques. Bioactive compounds produced by symbionts of marine invertebrates can mediate multi-trophic interactions and potentially influence benthic community structure. There has been almost no research, however, on how ecological and environmental parameters influence the distribution of marine defensive endosymbionts.\nRelated Reference:\nLinneman J, Paulus D, Lim-Fong G, Lopanik NB (2014) Latitudinal Variation of a Defensive Symbiosis in the Bugula neritina (Bryozoa) Sibling Species Complex. PLoS ONE 9(10): e108783. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0108783
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_end_date String 2018-04
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_geolocation String Western Atlantic coast, ranging from latitudes 38.61283 to 29.753272
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_name String Biogeography of a marine defensive microbial symbiont: relative importance of host defense vs. abiotic factors
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_project_nid String 645348
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_start_date String 2015-09
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_name String Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL sourceUrl String (local files)
attribute NC_GLOBAL standard_name_vocabulary String CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute NC_GLOBAL summary String Size of Bugula neritina colonies with and without symbiont grown at different temperatures in laboratory mesocosms at Georgia Tech.
attribute NC_GLOBAL title String [Mesocosm Growth Data] - Size of Bugula neritina colonies with and without symbiont grown at different temperatures in laboratory mesocosms at Georgia Tech (Biogeography of a marine defensive microbial symbiont: relative importance of host defense vs. abiotic factors)
attribute NC_GLOBAL version String 1
attribute NC_GLOBAL xml_source String osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable temperature byte
attribute temperature _FillValue byte 127
attribute temperature actual_range byte 16, 22
attribute temperature bcodmo_name String temperature
attribute temperature description String Temperature in microcosm
attribute temperature long_name String Temperature
attribute temperature nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/TEMPP901/ (external link)
attribute temperature units String degrees Celsius
variable colony_num byte
attribute colony_num _FillValue byte 127
attribute colony_num actual_range byte 1, 29
attribute colony_num bcodmo_name String sample
attribute colony_num description String Specific colony identifier
attribute colony_num long_name String Colony Num
attribute colony_num nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/ACYC/ (external link)
attribute colony_num units String unitless
variable genotype String
attribute genotype bcodmo_name String sample_descrip
attribute genotype description String Host genotype/symbiont presence: S+ means Type S host bryozoan (S), with the symbiont (+, as opposed to -); N+ is Type N host (N), with the symbiont (+).
attribute genotype long_name String Genotype
attribute genotype units String unitless
variable cont_avg float
attribute cont_avg _FillValue float NaN
attribute cont_avg actual_range float 3.2, 8.6
attribute cont_avg bcodmo_name String count
attribute cont_avg description String Average size in bifurcations in control colonies
attribute cont_avg long_name String Cont Avg
attribute cont_avg units String unitless
variable cont_sd float
attribute cont_sd _FillValue float NaN
attribute cont_sd actual_range float 0.0, 3.14
attribute cont_sd bcodmo_name String count
attribute cont_sd colorBarMaximum double 50.0
attribute cont_sd colorBarMinimum double 0.0
attribute cont_sd description String Standard deviation of average size in bifurcations in control colonies
attribute cont_sd long_name String Cont Sd
attribute cont_sd units String unitless
variable cont_N byte
attribute cont_N _FillValue byte 127
attribute cont_N actual_range byte 0, 7
attribute cont_N bcodmo_name String count
attribute cont_N description String Number of control colonies in which size was measured
attribute cont_N long_name String Cont N
attribute cont_N units String unitless
variable treat_avg float
attribute treat_avg _FillValue float NaN
attribute treat_avg actual_range float 2.0, 10.0
attribute treat_avg bcodmo_name String count
attribute treat_avg description String Average size in bifurcations in antibiotic treated colonies
attribute treat_avg long_name String Treat Avg
attribute treat_avg units String unitless
variable treat_sd float
attribute treat_sd _FillValue float NaN
attribute treat_sd actual_range float 0.47, 2.0
attribute treat_sd bcodmo_name String count
attribute treat_sd colorBarMaximum double 50.0
attribute treat_sd colorBarMinimum double 0.0
attribute treat_sd description String Standard deviation of average size in bifurcations in treated colonies
attribute treat_sd long_name String Treat Sd
attribute treat_sd units String unitless
variable treat_N byte
attribute treat_N _FillValue byte 127
attribute treat_N actual_range byte 0, 5
attribute treat_N bcodmo_name String count
attribute treat_N description String Number of treated colonies in which size was measured
attribute treat_N long_name String Treat N
attribute treat_N units String unitless

 
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