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Row Type Variable Name Attribute Name Data Type Value
attribute NC_GLOBAL access_formats String .htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv
attribute NC_GLOBAL acquisition_description String Particle flux measurements and images of settled particles were obtained from\nneutrally-buoyant sediment trap (NBST) deployments during a series of five\nshort cruises in conjunction with the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study\n(BATS) in the Sargasso Sea from July 2013 to March 2014. The NBST platforms\nwere constructed around Sounding Oceanographic Lagrangian Observer (SOLO)\nprofiling floats and carried four sediment trap tubes with areas of 0.0113 m2\n(see\\u00a0[https://www.bco-dmo.org/instrument/632](\\\\\"http://www.bco-\ndmo.org/instrument/632\\\\\")). NBSTs were programmed to descend to a single\nmeasurement depth (150, 200, 300 or 500 m),\\u00a0sample\\u00a0for a 2\\u20133 d\nperiod, and then ascend to the surface for recovery. Details are described\nfully in Durkin et al. (2015) and Estapa et al. (2017).\n \nOne tube on each NBST was loaded with a polyacrylamide gel insert to preserve\nsizes and shapes of settling particles for imaging. Polyacrylamide gel layers\nwere prepared in 11-cm diameter polycarbonate jars using methods described in\nprevious studies (Ebersbach and Trull, 2008; Lundsgaard, 1995; McDonnell and\nBuesseler, 2010) with slight modifications. To prepare 12% polyacrylamide gel,\n7.5 g of sea salts was dissolved\\u00a0into\\u00a0400 mL of surface seawater\nfrom Vineyard Sound, MA, USA and filtered through a 0.2-\\u03bcm polycarbonate\nfilter. The filtered brine was boiled for 15 min to reduce the oxygen content\nand reduce the brine volume to 350 mL. The solution was bubbled with nitrogen\ngas through glass pipet tips attached to a pressurized tank while the solution\ncooled to room temperature. The container of brine was then placed in an ice\nbath on a stir plate and 150 mL of 40% acrylamide solution and 1 g of ammonium\npersulfate was added to the solution while stirring. After the ammonium\npersulfate dissolved, 1 mL of tetramethylethylenediamine was added to catalyze\npolymerization. Gels were stored at 4\\u00b0C until use. Prior to deployment, a\njar containing a layer of polyacrylamide gel was fitted to the bottom of the\ntrap tube and the tube was filled with filtered seawater. Upon recovery and a\nsettling period of >1 h, the overlying seawater was pumped down to the top of\nthe gel jar and the gel insert was removed and stored at 4\\u00b0C until\nanalysis. One additional gel trap tube was identically prepared\nand\\u00a0processed,\\u00a0but was kept covered in the ship's lab during the\ndeployment period to serve as a process blank.\n \nA series of photomicrographs\\u00a0was\\u00a0taken of each gel trap at 7\\u00d7,\n16\\u00d7, and 63\\u00d7 magnifications using an Olympus SZX12 stereomicroscope\nwith an Olympus Qcolor 5 camera attachment and QCapture imaging software. At a\nmagnification of 7\\u00d7, 49\\u201367% of the gel surface area was imaged in\n16\\u201322 fields of view (0.1 pixels per \\u03bcm) in a single focal plane. At\n16\\u00d7, 17\\u201338% of the gel surface area was imaged in randomly\ndistributed fields of view (0.236 pixels per \\u03bcm) across the entire gel\nsurface. At this magnification, a single focal plane could not capture every\nparticle within one field of view; large particles typically accumulated\ntoward the bottom of the gel layer and relatively small particles were\ndistributed in more focal planes throughout the gel layer. To reduce the\nunderestimation of small particle abundance, two images were taken from\ndifferent focal planes in each field of view (27\\u201360 fields, 54\\u2013120\nimages). At 63\\u00d7, 0.5\\u20130.8% of the total gel surface area was imaged\n(12\\u201320 fields of view). Images were taken in cross-sections spanning the\ndiameter of the gel. The purpose of imaging a small percentage of the gel at\nhigh magnification was to accurately quantify the abundance of small\nparticles. Between 11 and 15 focal planes were imaged in each field of view\n(0.746 pixels per \\u03bcm), depending on the depth of the gel and how many\ndistinct focal planes contained particles. Imaging the same particle twice\nwithin one field of view was avoided by ensuring that focal planes did not\ninclude overlapping particles. Between 132 and 220 images were captured of\neach gel at 63\\u00d7 magnification. By imaging at three magnifications,\nbetween 240 and 360 images were captured of each gel. Image files are named as\n\\u2018month_trapdepth_magnification_fieldofview_focalplane.tiff\\u2019,\nwith\\u00a0field\\u00a0of view represented as sequential integers and focal\nplane represented as sequential letters. Recognizable zooplankton, presumed to\nhave actively entered the gel traps, were also counted manually in 40 fields\nof view per gel at 32\\u00d7 magnification.\n \nFlux measurements and images are not available at 200 m for the July 5, 2013\ndeployment due to failure of the lid closure mechanisms on all tubes.
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_nid String 644826
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_number String OCE-1406552
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_data_url String http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1406552 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funder_name String NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_acronym String NSF OCE
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_source_nid String 355
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager String Henrietta N Edmonds
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager_nid String 51517
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_data_type String Other
attribute NC_GLOBAL comment String Sediment Trap - Gel Images \n  M. Estapa and K. Buesseler, PIs \n  Version 26 February 2018
attribute NC_GLOBAL Conventions String COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_email String info at bco-dmo.org
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_name String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_url String https://www.bco-dmo.org/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL data_source String extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3  19 Dec 2019
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_created String 2018-02-26T20:25:17Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_modified String 2018-11-15T18:51:47Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL defaultDataQuery String &time<now
attribute NC_GLOBAL doi String 10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.734359
attribute NC_GLOBAL infoUrl String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/728395 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL institution String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_acronym String NBST
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_dataset_instrument_description String Used to measure particles
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid String 733293
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_description String In general, sediment traps are specially designed containers deployed in the water  column for periods of time to collect particles from the water column  falling toward the sea floor. The Neutrally Buoyant Sediment Trap (NBST) was designed by researchers at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The central cylinder of the NBST controls buoyancy and houses a satellite transmitter. The other tubes collect sediment as the trap drifts in currents at a predetermined depth. The samples are collected when the tubes snap shut before the trap returns to the surface. (more: https://www.whoi.edu/instruments/viewInstrument.do?id=10286)
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/33/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_name String Neutrally Buoyant Sediment Trap
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_nid String 632
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_supplied_name String NBST
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_dataset_instrument_description String Used to take photomicrographs
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_dataset_instrument_nid String 729425
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_description String Instruments that generate enlarged images of samples using the phenomena of reflection and absorption of visible light. Includes conventional and inverted instruments. Also called a \"light microscope\".
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_instrument_external_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB05/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_instrument_name String Microscope-Optical
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_instrument_nid String 708
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_supplied_name String Olympus SZX12 stereomicroscope with an Olympus Qcolor 5 camera attachment
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords String bco, bco-dmo, biological, chemical, data, dataset, dmo, download, erddap, image, Image_zip_download_link, link, management, month, oceanography, office, preliminary, size, year, zip, Zip_size
attribute NC_GLOBAL license String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/728395/license (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL metadata_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/728395 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL param_mapping String {'728395': {}}
attribute NC_GLOBAL parameter_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/728395/parameters (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation String Skidmore College
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_name String Margaret L. Estapa
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_nid String 644830
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role String Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation String Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation_acronym String WHOI
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_name String Kenneth O. Buesseler
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_nid String 50522
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role String Co-Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_affiliation String Skidmore College
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_person_name String Margaret L. Estapa
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_person_nid String 644830
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_role String Contact
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_role_type String related
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_3_affiliation String Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_3_affiliation_acronym String WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_3_person_name String Hannah Ake
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_3_person_nid String 650173
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_3_role String BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_3_role_type String related
attribute NC_GLOBAL project String RapAutParticleFlux
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_acronym String RapAutParticleFlux
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_description String Particles settling into the deep ocean remove carbon and biologically-important trace elements from sunlit, productive surface waters and from contact with the atmosphere over short timescales. A shifting balance among physical, chemical, and biological processes determines the ultimate fate of most particles at depths between 100 and 1,000 m, where fluxes are hardest to measure. Our challenge is to expand the number of particle flux observations in the critical \"twilight zone\", something that has proven elusive with ship-based “snapshots” that have lengths of, at most, a few weeks. Here, we propose an optical, transmissometer-based method to make particle flux observations from autonomous, biogeochemical profiling floats. Novel developments in data interpretation, sensor operation, and platform control now allow flux measurements at hourly resolution and give us observational access to the water-column processes driving particle flux over short timescales. The sensors and float platforms that we propose to use are simple, robust, and commercially-available, making them immediately compatible with community-scale efforts to implement other float-based biogeochemical measurements.\nWe have two main goals:  First, we will quantify particulate organic carbon (POC) flux using float-based optical measurements by validating our observations against fluxes measured directly with neutrally-buoyant, drifting sediment traps. Second, we will evaluate the contribution of rapid export events to total POC fluxes in the oligotrophic ocean by using a biogeochemical profiling float to collect nearly-continuous, depth-resolved flux measurements and coupled, water-column bio-optical profiles. \nTo achieve these goals, we will implement a work plan consisting of 1) a set of laboratory-based sensor calibration experiments to determine detection limits and evaluate sensitivity to particle size; 2) a series of four sediment trap and biogeochemical float co-deployments during which we will collect POC flux and field calibration data; and 3) a long-term sampling and analysis period (approximately 1 year) during which data will be returned by satellite from the biogeochemical float. We will conduct calibration fieldwork in conjunction with monthly Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) cruises, taking advantage of the timeseries measurements and the context provided by the 25-year record of POC flux at that site. The data returned by the float will comprise the first quantitative particle flux observations made at high-enough temporal resolution to interpret in the context of short-term, upper-ocean production events.
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_end_date String 2014-11
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_geolocation String Sargasso Sea
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_name String Rapid, Autonomous Particle Flux Observations in the Oligotrophic Ocean
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_project_nid String 644827
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_start_date String 2013-07
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_name String Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL sourceUrl String (local files)
attribute NC_GLOBAL standard_name_vocabulary String CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute NC_GLOBAL summary String Sinking particle sizes span many orders of magnitude and the relative influence of small particles on carbon export compared to large particles has not been resolved. To determine the influence of particle size on carbon export, the flux of both small (11\\u201364 \\u03bcm) and large (>64 \\u03bcm) particles in the upper mesopelagic was examined during five cruises of the Bermuda Atlantic Time Series (BATS) in the Sargasso Sea using neutrally buoyant sediment traps mounted with tubes containing polyacrylamide gel layers to preserve sizes and shapes of sinking particles. Microphotographic images of gels were collected and used to determine particle size distributions.
attribute NC_GLOBAL title String Sediment trap gel images of settled particles that were collected from the Sargasso Sea between 2013 and 2014.
attribute NC_GLOBAL version String 1
attribute NC_GLOBAL xml_source String osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable Year short
attribute Year _FillValue short 32767
attribute Year actual_range short 2013, 2014
attribute Year bcodmo_name String year
attribute Year description String Year images were collected; yyyy
attribute Year long_name String Year
attribute Year nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/YEARXXXX/ (external link)
attribute Year units String unitless
variable Month String
attribute Month bcodmo_name String month
attribute Month description String Month images were collected
attribute Month long_name String Month
attribute Month nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/MNTHXXXX/ (external link)
attribute Month units String unitless
variable Image_zip_download_link String
attribute Image_zip_download_link bcodmo_name String file_link
attribute Image_zip_download_link description String Download link to the zip file of images from the respective year and month
attribute Image_zip_download_link long_name String Image Zip Download Link
attribute Image_zip_download_link units String unitless
variable Zip_size String
attribute Zip_size bcodmo_name String file_size
attribute Zip_size description String Zip file size
attribute Zip_size long_name String Zip Size
attribute Zip_size units String unitless

 
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