BCO-DMO ERDDAP
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Row Type Variable Name Attribute Name Data Type Value
attribute NC_GLOBAL access_formats String .htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv
attribute NC_GLOBAL acquisition_description String Phytoplankton light stress \\u2013 dinoflagellate grazing experiments\n \nGeneral information\n \nEmiliania huxleyi strains were grown in f/50 without added Si, except for\nCCMP1516 which was grown in f/2 for experiments D and I and in f/50 otherwise.\nAll other phytoplankton were grown in f/2 medium without added Si. Most\nstrains (designated CCMP) were obtained from the National Center for Marine\nAlgae and Microbiota except Heterocapsa rotundata, which was from the\nNorwegian Culture Collection of Algae (NORCCA). Heterotrophic dinoflagellates\nAmphidinium longum and Oxyrrhis marina were isolated from marine waters of the\nSalish Sea, grown in ciliate medium (Gifford 1985), and maintained on a\nmixture of phytoflagellate species. All cultures of any type were grown at a\nsalinity of 30 and a temperature of 15\\u00b0C. Phytoplankton were grown at a\nrange of low to moderate irradiances, depending on experiment on a 12L:12D\ncycle. Heterotrophic dinoflagellates were grown at 10-20 \\u00b5mol photons m-2\ns-1 on a 12L:12D cycle. Before use in experiments, dinoflagellate predators\nwere fed only Rhodomonas sp. 755 (A. longum) or Dunaliella tertiolecta (O.\nmarina) and allowed to consume these prey until they were nearly gone from the\nculture.\n \nCells were exposed to experimental light treatments outdoors in a shallow tank\nfilled with flowing seawater supplied from nearby coastal waters. Temperature\nduring experiments was monitored at regular intervals with a thermometer\nmounted in an unscreened incubation bottle, and ranged from 14-15\\u00b0C\nexcept for Exp. A, where it averaged 17\\u00b0C. Light (incident\nphotosynthetically active radiation, or PAR) was measured with a Li-Cor\n2\\u03c0 sensor, and logged at 5-min intervals so that total experiment light\ndose (mol photons m-2) could be computed for specific incubation periods.\nControl treatments were incubated in 60-ml polycarbonate bottles screened with\nsufficient neutral density screening to approximate growth irradiances. Higher\nlight exposures were achieved using fewer (or no) layers of neutral density\nscreening, depending on experiment. Except for Exp. E, which used\npolycarbonate bottles only, all high light treatments used 60-ml Teflon\nbottles, which are transparent to UV wavelengths. In some experiments high\nlight treatments included both Teflon (UV-transparent) and polycarbonate (UV-\nopaque) bottles, to isolate the effects of UV on protist responses. Bottles\nwere incubated at ~10 cm depth in the outdoor tank.\n \nExperiments A-F exposed only the phytoplankton prey to the light stress\ntreatments (\\u2018Single_factor_grazing (prey-only)\\u2019 data set\n[https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/779043](\\\\\"https://www.bco-\ndmo.org/dataset/779043\\\\\")). Cultures were divided into incubation bottles\n(n=3-5 depending on experiment) and placed in the outdoor tank for 60-120 min.\nPhotosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm) was monitored before cells were taken\noutside (t=0) and, after gentle mixing, at 30-min intervals during the\nincubations (\\u2018FvFm\\u2019 data set [https://www.bco-\ndmo.org/dataset/779033](\\\\\"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/779033\\\\\")). After\noutdoor exposure, phytoplankton were returned to the laboratory and a\nsubsample from each replicate was added to a corresponding 30-ml polycarbonate\nbottle containing heterotrophic dinoflagellate predator A. longum to initiate\npredation experiments. The remainder of the phytoplankton culture volume was\nplaced in an incubator at the culture growth irradiance level, and Fv/Fm\nmonitored at regular intervals during this recovery period.\n \nPrey concentrations for predation experiments ranged from 5.0 x 103 cells ml-1\nfor dinoflagellate Heterocapsa rotundata to 5.0 x 104 cells ml-1 for the\nvarious E. huxleyi strains. Prey biomass densities were equivalent for all\nprey types, at ~500 \\u00b5g C liter-1. Carbon per cell for each phytoplankton\nspecies was estimated from measured cell volumes and published C:volume\nconversion factors (Menden-Deuer & Lessard 2000). A. longum concentrations\nwere ~1-2 x 103 cells ml-1, and O. marina concentration (Exp. I only, see\nbelow) was 260 cells ml-1. For \\u2018prey only exposure\\u2019 experiments,\npredation tests were conducted for 50 min in a laboratory incubator at\n15\\u00b0C and ~50 \\u00b5mol photons m-2 s-1. For \\u2018prey and predator\nexposure\\u2019 experiments, predation tests were conducted for 40-60 min under\neither control or high light outdoor illumination conditions. Predation tests\nwere terminated by adding cells to cold 10% glutaraldehyde and DAPI stain\n(final concentrations 0.5% and 0.1 \\u00b5g ml-1, respectively). After fixation\novernight in 4\\u00b0C and darkness, samples were filtered (3 or 5 \\u00b5m\npore-size polycarbonate filters), mounted on slides, and frozen for later\nexamination by epifluorescence microscopy. UV excitation was used to locate\nand identify dinoflagellate predators from the DAPI-induced fluorescence of\ntheir nuclei. Ingested prey were detected using blue light excitation, from\nthe orange (cryptophyte) or red (all other prey) autofluorescence of the prey\npigments inside the predator food vacuoles Because A. longum uses a peduncle\nto feed on cryptophytes, rather than phagocytizing intact cells, the number of\ningested prey per predator cannot be quantified for this predator \\u2013 prey\ncombination. Therefore for all predator and prey types, each micrograzer cell\nwas scored as \\u2018feeding\\u2019 or \\u2018not feeding\\u2019. At least 250\nmicrograzers per slide were scored; predation intensity was calculated as\nfraction of the population feeding (= # micrograzers with ingested prey /\ntotal # micrograzers scored).\n \nExperiments G, H, and I used a matrix design in which predators and prey were\nexposed to experimental irradiances separately, then combined in various ways\nand predation measured in outdoor irradiance conditions (\\u2018Prey and\npredator exposure\\u2019 data set [https://www.bco-\ndmo.org/dataset/779050](\\\\\"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/779050\\\\\")).\nCultures of predators and prey were incubated in separate bottles for the\nfirst 1-1.2 h of exposure time. After that, appropriate volumes of prey with\nvarious exposure histories were introduced into predator bottles with various\nexposure histories, and those predation tests incubated for an additional\n40-60 min at the original predator irradiance level. Fv/Fm was monitored\nthroughout (\\u2018Photosynthetic efficiency\\u2019 data set [https://www.bco-\ndmo.org/dataset/779033](\\\\\"https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/779033\\\\\")), first\nin the original phytoplankton-only bottles and then in the remaining\nphytoplankton volume after predation tests were initiated, and finally through\na recovery period in the laboratory as described above. At the end of the\npredation test period, samples were fixed and slides prepared as described\nabove.\n \nFor more information see Strom et al. (2020).
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_nid String 614837
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_number String OCE-1434842
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_data_url String http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1434842 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funder_name String NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_acronym String NSF OCE
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_source_nid String 355
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager String David L. Garrison
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager_nid String 50534
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_data_type String Other
attribute NC_GLOBAL comment String Photosynthetic efficiency data from light stress \n  PI: Suzanne Strom \n  Data Version 1: 2019-10-15
attribute NC_GLOBAL Conventions String COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_email String info at bco-dmo.org
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_name String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_url String https://www.bco-dmo.org/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL data_source String extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3  19 Dec 2019
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_created String 2019-10-11T15:23:55Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_modified String 2020-03-19T20:25:59Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL defaultDataQuery String &time<now
attribute NC_GLOBAL doi String 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.779033.1
attribute NC_GLOBAL infoUrl String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/779033 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL institution String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_acronym String LI-COR Biospherical PAR
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_dataset_instrument_description String Irradiance measurements: Li-Cor 1400 data logger with 2-pi (cosine) photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid String 779036
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_description String The LI-COR Biospherical PAR Sensor is used to measure Photosynthetically Available Radiation (PAR) in the water column.  This instrument designation is used when specific make and model are not known.
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0074/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_name String LI-COR Biospherical PAR Sensor
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_nid String 480
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_supplied_name String Li-Cor 1400 data logger with 2-pi (cosine) photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) sensor
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_acronym String Fluorometer
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_dataset_instrument_description String Photosynthetic efficiency measurements: Pulse-Amplitude Modulated Fluorometer: Walz Water PAM
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_dataset_instrument_nid String 779035
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_description String A fluorometer or fluorimeter is a device used to measure parameters of fluorescence: its intensity and wavelength distribution of emission spectrum after excitation by a certain spectrum of light. The instrument is designed to measure the amount of stimulated electromagnetic radiation produced by pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted into a water sample or in situ.
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_instrument_external_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/113/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_instrument_name String Fluorometer
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_instrument_nid String 484
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_supplied_name String Pulse-Amplitude Modulated Fluorometer: Walz Water PAM
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords String available, bco, bco-dmo, biological, bottle, Bottle_Type, chemical, data, dataset, date, dmo, erddap, experiment, Experiment_ID, FvFm, interval, management, num, Num_Screens, number, oceanography, office, par, photosynthetically, phytoplankton, Phytoplankton_Species, preliminary, radiation, replicate, Replicate_Number, sampling, Sampling_Time, screens, species, time, Time_interval, total, Total_PAR, type
attribute NC_GLOBAL license String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/779033/license (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL metadata_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/779033 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL param_mapping String {'779033': {}}
attribute NC_GLOBAL parameter_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/779033/parameters (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation String University of Washington
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation_acronym String UW
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_name String Suzanne Strom
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_nid String 50471
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role String Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation String Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation_acronym String WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_name String Amber York
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_nid String 643627
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role String BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role_type String related
attribute NC_GLOBAL project String Protist signaling
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_acronym String Protist signaling
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_description String Description from NSF proposal:\nThis proposal arises from the central premise that the oxidative stress response is an emergent property of phototrophic cellular systems, with implications for nearly every aspect of a phytoplankton cell’s life in the upper ocean. Oxidative stress (OS) arises from the uncompensated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within a cell, which can occur in response to a myriad of environmental stressors (e.g. nutrient limitation, temperature extremes, toxins, variable light exposure). In addition to the biochemical damage and physiological impairment that OS can cause, the phytoplankton OS response also includes increased net production and extracellular release of ROS, osmolytes, and other compounds that are known or suspected to be potent signals regulating protist behavior. We hypothesize that, through chemical signaling, oxidative stress acts to govern relationships among environmental variability, phytoplankton condition, and protist predation. Our proposed study of these integrated signaling and response processes has three overarching objectives: 1) Create and characterize oxidatively stressed phytoplankton. We will use light stress (variable exposure to visible light and UV) to create oxidatively stressed phytoplankton in the laboratory. Common coastal taxa with contrasting stress responses will be characterized using an array of fluorescent probes, biochemical measurements, and physiological assays. In addition, intracellular production and extracellular release of ROS and the associated chemical signal DMSP will be quantified. Use of Phaeodactylum tricornutum light stress mutants will add an independent means of connecting OS to signal production and predation response. 2) Examine protist predator responses to oxidatively stressed phytoplankton and associated chemical signals. Responses will be investigated by means of manipulation experiments and thorough characterization of associated signal chemistry. Assessment of predator response will be via predation rate measurements and population aggregation/dispersal behaviors in structured columns. 3) Investigate the prevalence of OS, its environmental correlates, and the microzooplankton predation response in the natural waters of a well-characterized local embayment. Application of ROS probes and OS assays to the natural environment and the design of OS manipulation experiments will be informed by the laboratory experiments using local protist species.\nOur work will help to elucidate some of the multiple ways in which the OS response can affect phytoplankton fitness, contributing information that can be used to characterize the position of key coastal species along an OS response spectrum. Ultimately such information could be used in trait-based conceptual and numerical models in a manner analogous to cell size and other 'master traits'. Our research will also inform the relatively new and exciting field of chemical signaling in planktonic communities, exploring DMSP- and ROS-based signaling between two of the most significant groups in the plankton, the eukaryotic phytoplankton and their protist predators. Finally, findings will help elucidate the links between environmental stress, phytoplankton response, and predation in planktonic ecosystems. These links relate to central issues in biological oceanography, including the predator-prey interactions that influence bloom demise, and the mechanisms by which protists feed selectively and thereby structure prey communities. The proposed research is a cross-cutting endeavor that unites subjects usually studied in isolation through a novel conceptual framework. Thus the findings have the potential to generate broadly applicable new insights into the ecological and evolutionary regulation of this key trophic link in planktonic food webs.
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_end_date String 2017-08
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_geolocation String Salish Sea: 48.5, -122.75
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_name String Environmental stress and signaling based on reactive oxygen species among planktonic protists
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_project_nid String 614838
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_start_date String 2014-09
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_name String Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL sourceUrl String (local files)
attribute NC_GLOBAL standard_name_vocabulary String CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute NC_GLOBAL summary String Fv/Fm (photosynthetic efficiency) data from light stress in phytoplankton and dinoflagellate grazing response experiments from July of 2015 to September of 2018. These data were published in Strom et al. (2020).
attribute NC_GLOBAL title String Photosynthetic efficiency data from light stress in phytoplankton and dinoflagellate grazing response experiments from July of 2015 to September of 2018
attribute NC_GLOBAL version String 1
attribute NC_GLOBAL xml_source String osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable Experiment_ID String
attribute Experiment_ID bcodmo_name String exp_id
attribute Experiment_ID description String Shows letter (A-I) corresponding to experiment ID system used in Strom et al. (submitted), followed by experiment ID used in Strom lab.
attribute Experiment_ID long_name String Experiment ID
attribute Experiment_ID units String unitless
variable Experiment_Date String
attribute Experiment_Date bcodmo_name String date
attribute Experiment_Date description String Calendar date on which experiment was conducted (ISO 8601 format yyyy-mm-dd)
attribute Experiment_Date long_name String Experiment Date
attribute Experiment_Date nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ADATAA01/ (external link)
attribute Experiment_Date source_name String Experiment_Date
attribute Experiment_Date time_precision String 1970-01-01
attribute Experiment_Date units String unitless
variable Phytoplankton_Species String
attribute Phytoplankton_Species bcodmo_name String animal_group
attribute Phytoplankton_Species description String Shows species and strain number (CCMP), where available, for phytoplankton used in light stress experiments; see species list for definitions (H. rotundata strain number refers to SCCAP culture collection)
attribute Phytoplankton_Species long_name String Phytoplankton Species
attribute Phytoplankton_Species units String unitless
variable Bottle_Type String
attribute Bottle_Type bcodmo_name String bottle
attribute Bottle_Type description String Composition of bottles used for outdoor light exposure; PC = polycarbonate; Tef = Teflon
attribute Bottle_Type long_name String Bottle Type
attribute Bottle_Type units String unitless
variable Num_Screens byte
attribute Num_Screens _FillValue byte 127
attribute Num_Screens actual_range byte 0, 7
attribute Num_Screens bcodmo_name String sample_descrip
attribute Num_Screens description String Number of neutral density screen layers used to wrap bottles during outdoor exposure period
attribute Num_Screens long_name String Num Screens
attribute Num_Screens units String unitless
variable Total_PAR float
attribute Total_PAR _FillValue float NaN
attribute Total_PAR actual_range float 0.0897, 9.18
attribute Total_PAR bcodmo_name String PAR
attribute Total_PAR description String Total (cumulative) dose of photosynthetically active radiation received by the sample during the outdoor incubation period
attribute Total_PAR long_name String Total PAR
attribute Total_PAR units String mol photons m-2
variable Time_interval String
attribute Time_interval bcodmo_name String sample_descrip
attribute Time_interval description String Designates whether the reported data were collected during the outdoor light exposure period (‘exposure’), or during the indoor, low light recovery period (‘recovery’)
attribute Time_interval long_name String Time Interval
attribute Time_interval units String unitless
variable Sampling_Time short
attribute Sampling_Time _FillValue short 32767
attribute Sampling_Time actual_range short 0, 1568
attribute Sampling_Time bcodmo_name String time_elapsed
attribute Sampling_Time description String Shows the time (min) after initiation of exposure period when Fv/Fm samples were collected from incubation bottles.
attribute Sampling_Time long_name String Sampling Time
attribute Sampling_Time nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ELTMZZZZ/ (external link)
attribute Sampling_Time units String count
variable Replicate_Number byte
attribute Replicate_Number _FillValue byte 127
attribute Replicate_Number actual_range byte 1, 4
attribute Replicate_Number bcodmo_name String replicate
attribute Replicate_Number colorBarMaximum double 100.0
attribute Replicate_Number colorBarMinimum double 0.0
attribute Replicate_Number description String Identifies an individual replicate bottle
attribute Replicate_Number long_name String Replicate Number
attribute Replicate_Number units String unitless
variable FvFm float
attribute FvFm _FillValue float NaN
attribute FvFm actual_range float -0.035, 0.784
attribute FvFm bcodmo_name String Fv2Fm
attribute FvFm description String Photosynthetic efficiency Fv/Fm (= variable fluorescence/maximum fluorescence) as measured using a Walz Water PAM fluorometer after 20 min dark acclimation at 15°C
attribute FvFm long_name String FV FM
attribute FvFm units String dimensionless

 
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