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Row Type Variable Name Attribute Name Data Type Value
attribute NC_GLOBAL access_formats String .htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson,.odvTxt
attribute NC_GLOBAL acquisition_description String Sediment and pore water collection:\n \nShort sediment cores were collected using a Bowers & Connelly megacorer, a\nmultiple coring device that can collect ~20-40 cm long sediment cores with\nundisturbed sediment surfaces. At two sites (stations 41 and 64) longer cores\n(up to ~2 m) were also collected with a Kasten corer.\n \nMegacorer cores were either sectioned for solid phase analysis, profiled with\npolarographic micro-electrodes to determine dissolved O2 concentrations, or\nsectioned in a cold van under N2 for pore water sample extraction (for details\nsee, Komada et al., 2016). Samples for solid phase analyses were placed in\nWhirl-Pak plastic bags and frozen for solid phase Fe speciation analyses at\nODU.\n \nKasten cores were brought into a large cold room on-board ship, laid on their\nside and one side of the core box removed to expose the sediment in the core.\nA plastic block was placed against the top of the core to prevent slumping of\nthe sediment during processing, and pore waters were collected from these\ncores using Rhizon samplers (Seeberg-Elverfeldt et al., 2005) inserted\ndirectly into the cores at measured intervals. After pore water sampling was\ncomplete, samples for solid phase analyses were removed from the cores with\nplastic spoons and again placed in Whirl-Pak plastic bags (Fe speciation\nanalyses) and immediately frozen.\n \nWhile it is possible to recover cores with intact sediment-water interfaces\nusing a megacorer, loss of surface sediments is typical during Kasten coring,\nmaking it not possible to directly determine absolute depths below the\nsediment-water interface in a Kasten core. We therefore determined the\nabsolute depths of pore water and solid phase sample intervals from Kasten\ncores by aligning Kasten core profiles of pore water alkalinity to megacore\nalkalinity profiles from the same site (Berelson et al., 2005; Komada et al.,\n2016).\n \nSediment iron speciation:\n \nThis was determined using sequential extraction techniques (Goldberg et al.,\n2012; Poulton and Canfield, 2005). Sediments were freeze-dried and homogenized\nbefore use, and in each step a 10 ml extraction volume was used (except where\nnoted) starting with 200-300 mg of sediment. Samples were shaken during all\nextractions, except when heated during extractions. At the end of each\nextraction step, the samples were centrifuged, the extract solution was\nremoved, and the sediments were then rinsed twice with distilled, deionized\nwater before moving on to the next extraction. Except where noted all extracts\nwere analyzed for iron by flame AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrometry).\n \nSediments were initially treated with 0.5 M HCl for 1 h to remove highly\nreactive, poorly crystalline iron oxides such as ferrihydrite and\nlepidochrocite, as well as any unsulfidized Fe(II) produced during early\ndiagenesis. Fe(II) released by the 0.5 M HCl extraction (termed Fe_II_HCl) was\ndetermined immediately by the ferrozine method (Viollier et al., 2000) without\nthe addition of hydrolyamine HCl using an aliquot of the extract solution.\nSubtraction of the Fe concentration determined by the Fe_II_HCl measurement\nfrom the total Fe present in the 0.5 M HCl extract (Fe_HCl) yields the\nconcentration of highly reactive, poorly crystalline Fe oxides (Fe_ox1),\n \nFe_ox1 = Fe_HCl \\u2013 Fe_II_HCl\\t\\t(1)\n \nNext, the sediment was extracted for 6 hr with a citrate-dithionite solution\n(50 g /l sodium dithionite buffered to pH 4.8 with 0.35 M acetic acid/0.2 M\nsodium citrate) to extract less reactive crystalline iron oxides such as\ngoethite and hematite (Fe_ox2). After this, the sediment was extracted with\nammonium oxalate (0.2 M ammonium oxalate/0.17 M oxalic acid) at pH 3.2 for 6\nhr to dissolve iron in the mineral phase magnetite (Fe_mag). Finally, the\nremaining sediment was placed in boiling 12N HCl (5 ml) for 1 min to extract\nFe found in poorly reactive sheet silicates (Fe_prs; i.e.,\n\\u201cstructural\\u201d Fe(III) in clays).\n \nTotal sediment iron (Fe_T) was determined in a separate sediment aliquot by\nashing the sediment at 450\\u00b0C for 8 h followed by extraction for 24 h in\nnear boiling 6 N HCl. Finally, iron in the sulfide-containing phases AVS and\npyrite (termed Fe_pyr) was determined in a separate sediment aliquot by acidic\nchromium reduction/distillation and colorimetric analysis of the sulfide\nliberated by the process. This procedure was based on that described in\nCanfield et al. (1986) with the exception that we used 150-200 mg sediment\nsamples, and collected the sulfide produced by the distillation process in\nthree sequential traps (trap volumes of 30, 30 and 20 ml) containing 5 mM each\nZnCl2 and NaOH (final concentrations; Ingvorsen and J\\u00f8rgensen, 1979). The\ndistillation was done using a sparging rate of 250 ml N2/min for 45 \\u2013 60\nmin. Sulfide in the traps was determined colorimetrically (Cline, 1969), and\nthe concentration of iron in this pool was calculated by assuming that all of\nthe sulfide liberated by this procedure is pyrite-S (i.e., that there is no\nAVS in these sediments) with a 1:2 Fe:S molar ratio in the pyrite.\n \nFinally, we also defined a pool of unreactive iron (Fe_U) whose concentration\nis given by\\t\n \n\\tFe_U = Fe_T \\u2013 (Fe_ox1 + Fe_ox2 + Fe_II_HCl + Fe_mag + Fe_prs + Fe_pyr\n)\\t (2)\n \nThis iron is presumably found in mineral phases that are even less reactive\ntowards reductive dissolution than iron in any of these other extracts.
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_nid String 806863
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_number String OPP-1551195
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_data_url String http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1551195 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funder_name String NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_acronym String NSF OCE
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_source_nid String 355
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager String Michael E. Jackson
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager_nid String 806862
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_data_type String Other
attribute NC_GLOBAL comment String Sediment iron \n  PI: David J Burdige \n  Data Version 1: 2020-06-08
attribute NC_GLOBAL Conventions String COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_email String info at bco-dmo.org
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_name String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_url String https://www.bco-dmo.org/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL data_source String extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3  19 Dec 2019
attribute NC_GLOBAL dataset_current_state String Final and no updates
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_created String 2020-05-27T22:57:12Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_modified String 2020-06-17T15:10:09Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL defaultDataQuery String &time<now
attribute NC_GLOBAL doi String 10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.813152.1
attribute NC_GLOBAL Easternmost_Easting double -62.7317
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_max double -64.1583
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_min double -67.7717
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_units String degrees_north
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_max double -62.7317
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_min double -71.2217
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_units String degrees_east
attribute NC_GLOBAL infoUrl String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/813152 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL institution String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_acronym String Gravity Corer
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid String 814585
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_description String The gravity corer allows researchers to sample sediment layers at the bottom of lakes or oceans. The coring device is deployed from the ship and gravity carries it to the seafloor. (https://www.whoi.edu/instruments/viewInstrument.do?id=1079).
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/51/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_name String Gravity Corer
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_nid String 531
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_supplied_name String Kasten corer
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_acronym String Multi Corer
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_dataset_instrument_nid String 814584
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_description String The Multi Corer is a benthic coring device used to collect multiple, simultaneous, undisturbed sediment/water samples from the seafloor.  Multiple coring tubes with varying sampling capacity depending on tube dimensions are mounted in a frame designed to sample the deep ocean seafloor. For more information, see Barnett et al. (1984) in Oceanologica Acta, 7, pp. 399-408.
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_instrument_external_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/51/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_instrument_name String Multi Corer
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_instrument_nid String 532
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_supplied_name String Bowers & Connelly megacorer
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords String avs, bco, bco-dmo, biological, chemical, core, data, dataset, date, depth, dmo, erddap, error, Fe_AVS, Fe_II_HCl, Fe_mag, Fe_ox1, Fe_ox2, Fe_prs, Fe_pyr, Fe_T, Fe_U, hcl, iso, latitude, longitude, mag, management, oceanography, office, ox1, ox2, preliminary, prs, pyr, Sa_ID, St_ID, time, u
attribute NC_GLOBAL license String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/813152/license (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL metadata_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/813152 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Northernmost_Northing double -64.1583
attribute NC_GLOBAL param_mapping String {'813152': {'Lat': 'master - latitude', 'Lon': 'master - longitude', 'ISO_DateTime_UTC': 'master - time'}}
attribute NC_GLOBAL parameter_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/813152/parameters (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation String Old Dominion University
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation_acronym String ODU
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_name String David J Burdige
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_nid String 648653
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role String Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation String New England Oceanographic Laboratory
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation_acronym String NEOL
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_name String John P Christensen
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_nid String 51603
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role String Co-Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_affiliation String Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_affiliation_acronym String WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_person_name String Amber D. York
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_person_nid String 643627
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_role String BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_role_type String related
attribute NC_GLOBAL project String Antarctic Shelf Sediments
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_acronym String Antarctic Shelf Sediments
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_description String NSF Award Abstract:\nGeneral Statement:\nThe continental shelf region west of the Antarctic Peninsula has recently undergone dramatic changes and ecosystem shifts, and the community of organisms that live in, or feed off, the sea floor sediments is being impacted by species invasions from the north. Previous studies of these sediments indicate that this community may consume much more of the regional productivity than previously estimated, suggesting that sediments are a rich and important component of this ecosystem and one that may be ripe for dramatic change. Furthermore, under richer sediment conditions, iron is mobilized and released back to the water column. Since productivity in this ecosystem is thought to be limited by the availability of iron, increased rates of iron release from these sediments could stimulate productivity and promote greater overall ecosystem change. In this research, a variety of sites across the shelf region will be sampled to accurately evaluate the role of sediments in consuming ecosystem productivity and to estimate the current level of iron release from the sediments. This project will provide a baseline set of sediment results that will present a more complete picture of the west Antarctic shelf ecosystem, will allow for comparison with water column measurements and for evaluation of the fundamental workings of this important ecosystem. This is particularly important since high latitude systems may be vulnerable to the effects of climate fluctuations. Both graduate and undergraduate students will be trained. Presentations will be made at scientific meetings, at other universities, and at outreach events. A project web site will present key results to the public and explain how this new information improves understanding of Antarctic ecosystems.\n\nTechnical Description of Project:\nIn order to determine the role of sediments within the west Antarctic shelf ecosystem, this project will determine the rates of sediment organic matter oxidation at a variety of sites across the Palmer Long Term Ecosystem Research (LTER) study region. To estimate the rates of release of iron and manganese from the sediments, these same sites will be sampled for detailed vertical distributions of the concentrations of these metals both in the porewaters and in important mineral phases. Since sediment sampling will be done at LTER sites, the sediment data can be correlated with the rich productivity data set from the LTER. In detail, the project: a) will determine the rates of oxygen consumption, organic carbon oxidation, nutrient release, and iron mobilization by shelf sediments west of the Antarctic Peninsula; b) will investigate the vertical distribution of diagenetic reactions within the sediments; and c) will assess the regional importance of these sediment rates. Sediment cores will be used to determine sediment-water fluxes of dissolved oxygen, total carbon dioxide, nutrients, and the vertical distributions of these dissolved compounds, as well as iron and manganese in the pore waters. Bulk sediment properties of porosity, organic carbon and nitrogen content, carbonate content, biogenic silica content, and multiple species of solid-phase iron, manganese, and sulfur species will also be determined. These measurements will allow determination of total organic carbon oxidation and denitrification rates, and the proportion of aerobic versus anaerobic respiration at each site. Sediment diagenetic modeling will link the processes of organic matter oxidation to metal mobilization. Pore water and solid phase iron and manganese distributions will be used to model iron diagenesis in these sediments and to estimate the iron flux from the sediments to the overlying waters. Finally, the overall regional average and distribution of the sediment processes will be compared with the distributions of seasonally averaged chlorophyll biomass and productivity.
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_end_date String 2020-02
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_geolocation String West Antarctic Continental Shelf
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_name String Organic Carbon Oxidation and Iron Remobilization by West Antarctic Shelf Sediments
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_project_nid String 806864
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_start_date String 2015-09
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_name String Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL sourceUrl String (local files)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Southernmost_Northing double -67.7717
attribute NC_GLOBAL standard_name_vocabulary String CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute NC_GLOBAL summary String Sediment iron data from sediment cores collected on the R/V Nathaniel B. Palmer cruise NBP1601 to the West Antarctic continental shelf in January of 2016.
attribute NC_GLOBAL time_coverage_end String 2019-01-28T09:36Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL time_coverage_start String 2016-01-14T17:34Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL title String [Sediment iron] - Sediment iron data from sediment cores collected on the R/V Nathaniel B. Palmer cruise NBP1601 to the West Antarctic continental shelf in January of 2016 (Organic Carbon Oxidation and Iron Remobilization by West Antarctic Shelf Sediments)
attribute NC_GLOBAL version String 1
attribute NC_GLOBAL Westernmost_Easting double -71.2217
attribute NC_GLOBAL xml_source String osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.5
variable St_ID String
attribute St_ID bcodmo_name String station
attribute St_ID description String station ID number
attribute St_ID long_name String St ID
attribute St_ID units String unitless
variable Sa_ID String
attribute Sa_ID bcodmo_name String sample
attribute Sa_ID description String sample ID (stat ID #-core ID #- sample number)
attribute Sa_ID long_name String Sa ID
attribute Sa_ID nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/ACYC/ (external link)
attribute Sa_ID units String unitless
variable Core String
attribute Core bcodmo_name String sample_type
attribute Core description String core type (M = mega-corer; K = Kasten corer)
attribute Core long_name String Core
attribute Core units String unitless
variable Depth float
attribute Depth _FillValue float NaN
attribute Depth actual_range float 0.25, 225.0
attribute Depth bcodmo_name String depth_bsf
attribute Depth colorBarMaximum double 8000.0
attribute Depth colorBarMinimum double -8000.0
attribute Depth colorBarPalette String TopographyDepth
attribute Depth description String sediment depth (relative to the sediment-water interface)
attribute Depth long_name String Depth
attribute Depth standard_name String depth
attribute Depth units String centimeters (cm)
variable error float
attribute error _FillValue float NaN
attribute error actual_range float 0.25, 5.0
attribute error bcodmo_name String sample_descrip
attribute error colorBarMaximum double 50.0
attribute error colorBarMinimum double 0.0
attribute error description String Half of the thickness of the sediment sample
attribute error long_name String Error
attribute error units String centimeters (cm)
variable Fe_II_HCl float
attribute Fe_II_HCl _FillValue float NaN
attribute Fe_II_HCl actual_range float 0.0, 0.2
attribute Fe_II_HCl bcodmo_name String Fe
attribute Fe_II_HCl description String concentration of iron in the Fe(II) HCl extract. See methodology for more details.
attribute Fe_II_HCl long_name String Fe II HCl
attribute Fe_II_HCl units String grams of iron per 100 grams dried sediment (wt% Fe)
variable Fe_ox1 float
attribute Fe_ox1 _FillValue float NaN
attribute Fe_ox1 actual_range float 0.0, 0.73
attribute Fe_ox1 bcodmo_name String Fe
attribute Fe_ox1 description String concentration of iron in the Fe ox1 extract. See methodology for more details.
attribute Fe_ox1 long_name String Fe Ox1
attribute Fe_ox1 units String grams of iron per 100 grams dried sediment (wt% Fe)
variable Fe_ox2 float
attribute Fe_ox2 _FillValue float NaN
attribute Fe_ox2 actual_range float 0.07, 0.66
attribute Fe_ox2 bcodmo_name String Fe
attribute Fe_ox2 description String concentration of iron in the Fe ox2 extract. See methodology for more details.
attribute Fe_ox2 long_name String Fe Ox2
attribute Fe_ox2 units String grams of iron per 100 grams dried sediment (wt% Fe)
variable Fe_mag float
attribute Fe_mag _FillValue float NaN
attribute Fe_mag actual_range float 0.14, 0.69
attribute Fe_mag bcodmo_name String Fe
attribute Fe_mag description String concentration of iron in the Fe(mag) extract. See methodology for more details.
attribute Fe_mag long_name String Fe Mag
attribute Fe_mag units String grams of iron per 100 grams dried sediment (wt% Fe)
variable Fe_prs float
attribute Fe_prs _FillValue float NaN
attribute Fe_prs actual_range float 0.25, 3.77
attribute Fe_prs bcodmo_name String Fe
attribute Fe_prs description String concentration of iron in the Fe(prs) extract. See methodology for more details.
attribute Fe_prs long_name String Fe Prs
attribute Fe_prs units String grams of iron per 100 grams dried sediment (wt% Fe)
variable Fe_AVS float
attribute Fe_AVS _FillValue float NaN
attribute Fe_AVS actual_range float 2.74E-5, 0.00115
attribute Fe_AVS bcodmo_name String Fe
attribute Fe_AVS description String concentration of iron in the acid volatile sulfide (AVS) extract. See methodology for more details.
attribute Fe_AVS long_name String Fe AVS
attribute Fe_AVS units String grams of iron per 100 grams dried sediment (wt% Fe)
variable Fe_pyr float
attribute Fe_pyr _FillValue float NaN
attribute Fe_pyr actual_range float 3.15E-5, 0.207
attribute Fe_pyr bcodmo_name String Fe
attribute Fe_pyr description String concentration of iron in the AVS + pyrite extract.  See methodology for more details.
attribute Fe_pyr long_name String Fe Pyr
attribute Fe_pyr units String grams of iron per 100 grams dried sediment (wt% Fe)
variable Fe_U float
attribute Fe_U _FillValue float NaN
attribute Fe_U actual_range float 0.51, 7.68
attribute Fe_U bcodmo_name String Fe
attribute Fe_U description String concentration of “unreactive” iron. See methodology for more details.
attribute Fe_U long_name String Fe U
attribute Fe_U units String grams of iron per 100 grams dried sediment (wt% Fe)
variable Fe_T float
attribute Fe_T _FillValue float NaN
attribute Fe_T actual_range float 2.77, 9.66
attribute Fe_T bcodmo_name String Fe
attribute Fe_T description String concentration of total sediment iron. See methodology for more details.
attribute Fe_T long_name String Fe T
attribute Fe_T units String grams of iron per 100 grams dried sediment (wt% Fe)
variable time double
attribute time _CoordinateAxisType String Time
attribute time actual_range double 1.45279284E9, 1.54866816E9
attribute time axis String T
attribute time bcodmo_name String ISO_DateTime_UTC
attribute time description String station timestamp (UTC) in ISO 8601 format yyyy-mm-ddTHH:MMZ
attribute time ioos_category String Time
attribute time long_name String ISO Date Time UTC
attribute time nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/DTUT8601/ (external link)
attribute time source_name String ISO_DateTime_UTC
attribute time standard_name String time
attribute time time_origin String 01-JAN-1970 00:00:00
attribute time time_precision String 1970-01-01T00:00Z
attribute time units String seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z
variable latitude double
attribute latitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lat
attribute latitude _FillValue double NaN
attribute latitude actual_range double -67.7717, -64.1583
attribute latitude axis String Y
attribute latitude bcodmo_name String latitude
attribute latitude colorBarMaximum double 90.0
attribute latitude colorBarMinimum double -90.0
attribute latitude description String station latitude, south is negative
attribute latitude ioos_category String Location
attribute latitude long_name String Latitude
attribute latitude nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LATX/ (external link)
attribute latitude standard_name String latitude
attribute latitude units String degrees_north
variable longitude double
attribute longitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lon
attribute longitude _FillValue double NaN
attribute longitude actual_range double -71.2217, -62.7317
attribute longitude axis String X
attribute longitude bcodmo_name String longitude
attribute longitude colorBarMaximum double 180.0
attribute longitude colorBarMinimum double -180.0
attribute longitude description String station longitude, west is negative
attribute longitude ioos_category String Location
attribute longitude long_name String Longitude
attribute longitude nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LONX/ (external link)
attribute longitude standard_name String longitude
attribute longitude units String degrees_east

 
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