Attributes {
 s {
  region {
    String bcodmo_name "region";
    String description "region of observations, either Cape Cod Bay or adjacent areas";
    String long_name "Region";
  }
  cruiseid {
    String bcodmo_name "cruiseid";
    String description "cruise identifier";
    String long_name "Cruiseid";
  }
  hrs_at_sea {
    Float32 _FillValue NaN;
    Float32 actual_range 1.0, 103.5;
    String bcodmo_name "unknown";
    String description "# hours of at-sea observation";
    String long_name "Hrs At Sea";
  }
  year {
    Int16 _FillValue 32767;
    Int16 actual_range 2002, 2002;
    String bcodmo_name "year";
    String description "year of observation";
    String long_name "Year";
    String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/YEARXXXX/";
  }
  month_local {
    Byte _FillValue 127;
    Byte actual_range 1, 6;
    String bcodmo_name "month_local";
    String description "month of observation";
    String long_name "Month Local";
  }
  day_local {
    Byte _FillValue 127;
    Byte actual_range 2, 24;
    String bcodmo_name "day_local";
    String description "day of month when observation was made";
    String long_name "Day Local";
  }
  yrday_local {
    Int16 _FillValue 32767;
    Int16 actual_range 6, 172;
    String bcodmo_name "yrday_local";
    String description "local day and decimal time, as 326.5 for the 326th day of the year, or November 22 at 1200 hours (noon)";
    String long_name "Yrday Local";
    String units "unitless";
  }
  species {
    String bcodmo_name "species";
    String description "species codes:
Eubalaena_glacialis_sighted = # of right whales sighted
Eubalaena_glacialis_photos = # of right whales photographed
Eubalaena_glacialis_ids = # of right whales identified";
    String long_name "Species";
  }
  count {
    String bcodmo_name "count";
    String description "number of individuals sighted";
    String long_name "Count";
  }
  comments {
    String bcodmo_name "comment";
    String description "other information";
    String long_name "Comments";
  }
 }
  NC_GLOBAL {
    String access_formats ".htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv";
    String acquisition_description "Vessel Surveys:  
 CCS maintains a 40' (12m) long, twin diesel engine research vessel
Shearwater. The R/V Shearwater has been used successfully for oceanographic
sampling and photo-identification in the winter and spring surveillance
program in Cape Cod Bay from 1997 through 2002. The R/V Shearwater is equipped
with oceanographic sampling equipment including a CTD profiler (conductivity,
temperature, depth), plankton nets, surface plankton pump, and flow meter as
well as photographic equipment and disentanglement gear.
 
Although the primary objective of these vessel cruises was habitat sampling,
some photographs were collected opportunistically of right whales in the
vicinity of the boat during sampling and on transits to and from sampling
sites. Photographs of right whales obtained during habitat studies were
integrated with the photographs collected during aerial surveillance and
included in this report in analyses of residency, capture rates, demographics,
and life history. The vessel sighting data were included in the report to the
NMFS/SAS system. Sighting data from the daily vessel logs were entered into
the Right Whale Initiative DBase program as opportunistic surveys.
 
Photographic Methods  
 i) Identification Photographs:  
 During aerial and shipboard surveys, photographs were taken on Kodak
Kodachrome 200ASA color slide film, using hand-held 35-mm cameras equipped
with 300-mm telephoto lenses and motor drives. From the air, photographers
attempted to obtain good perpendicular photographs of the entire rostral
callosity pattern and back of every right whale encountered as well as any
other scars or markings. From the boat, photographers attempted to collect
good oblique photographs of both sides of the head and chin, the body and the
flukes. The data recorder on both platforms was responsible for keeping a
written record of the roll and frame numbers shot by each photographer in the
daily log.
 
ii) Photo-analysis and Matching:  
 Photographs of right whale callosity patterns are used as a basis for
identification and cataloging of individuals, following methods developed by
Payne et al (1983) and Kraus et al (1986). The cataloging of individually
identified animals is based on using high quality photographs of distinctive
callosity patterns (raised patches of roughened skin on the top and sides of
the head), ventral pigmentation, lip ridges, and scars (Kraus et al 1986).
NEAq has curated the catalogue since 1980 and to the best of their knowledge,
all photographs of right whales taken in the North Atlantic since 1935 have
been included in NEAq's files. This catalogue allows scientists to enumerate
the population, and, from resightings of known individuals, to monitor the
animals' reproductive status, births, deaths, scarring, distribution and
migrations. Since 1980, a total of 26,275 sightings of 436 individual right
whales have been archived, of which 327 are thought to be alive, as of
December 2001 (A. Knowlton, NEAq, pers. comm.)
 
The matching process consists of separating photographs of right whales into
individuals and inter-matching between days within the season. To match
different sightings of the same whale, composite drawings and photographs of
the callosity patterns of individual right whales are compared to a limited
subset of the catalogue that includes animals with a similar appearance. For
whales that look alike in the first sort, the original photographs of all
probable matches are examined for callosity similarities and supplementary
features, including scars, pigmentation, lip crenulations, and morphometric
ratios. A match between different sightings is considered positive when the
callosity pattern and at least one other feature can be independently matched
by at least two experienced researchers (Kraus et al 1986). Exceptions to this
multiple identifying feature requirement include whales that have unusual
callosity patterns, large scars or birthmarks, or deformities so unique that
matches from clear photographs can be based on only one feature. Preliminary
photo-analysis and inter-matching was carried out at CCS, with matches
confirmed using original photographs cataloged and archived at NEAq.
 
iii) Photographic Data Archiving  
 Upon completion of the matching process, all original slides were returned
to CCS and incorporated into the CCS catalogue of identified right whales to
update existing files, using the same numbering system as NEAq, in archival
quality slide sheets. New England Aquarium (NEAq) archives copies of
photographs representing each sighting. Copies of photographs of individuals
that are better than existing records, and photographs of newly identified
whales, will be included in the NEAq master files as \\\"type specimens\\\" for
future reference. The master files are maintained in fireproof safes at NEAq.
All catalogue files are available for inspection and on-site use by
contributors and collaborators.";
    String awards_0_award_nid "55048";
    String awards_0_award_number "unknown NEC-CoopRes NOAA";
    String awards_0_funder_name "National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration";
    String awards_0_funding_acronym "NOAA";
    String awards_0_funding_source_nid "352";
    String cdm_data_type "Other";
    String comment "Survey of whales from a vessel 
  PI: Moira Brown 
  Surveillance of North Atlantic Right Whales in 
    Cape Cod Bay and Adjacent Waters, 2002. 
    Number of opportunistic marine mammal sightings  
    and hours at sea during vessel-based habitat  
    sampling cruises of Cape Cod Bay and adjacent waters, 
    January to mid-May 2002. (report table 3)";
    String Conventions "COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3";
    String creator_email "info@bco-dmo.org";
    String creator_name "BCO-DMO";
    String creator_type "institution";
    String creator_url "https://www.bco-dmo.org/";
    String data_source "extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3  19 Dec 2019";
    String date_created "2010-06-16T20:40:39Z";
    String date_modified "2019-03-14T12:47:15Z";
    String defaultDataQuery "&time<now";
    String doi "10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.2986.1";
    String history "2024-04-19T19:06:31Z (local files)
2024-04-19T19:06:31Z https://erddap.bco-dmo.org/erddap/tabledap/bcodmo_dataset_2986.das";
    String infoUrl "https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/2986";
    String institution "BCO-DMO";
    String instruments_0_acronym "camera";
    String instruments_0_dataset_instrument_description "Kodak Kodachrome
Photos taken on 200ASA color slide film, using hand-held 35-mm cameras equipped with 300-mm telephoto lenses
and motor drives.";
    String instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid "4726";
    String instruments_0_description "All types of photographic equipment including stills, video, film and digital systems.";
    String instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/311/";
    String instruments_0_instrument_name "Camera";
    String instruments_0_instrument_nid "520";
    String instruments_0_supplied_name "Camera";
    String keywords "bco, bco-dmo, biological, chemical, comments, count, cruiseid, data, dataset, day, day_local, dmo, erddap, hrs, hrs_at_sea, local, management, month, month_local, oceanography, office, preliminary, region, sea, species, year, yrday, yrday_local";
    String license "https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/2986/license";
    String metadata_source "https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/2986";
    String param_mapping "{'2986': {}}";
    String parameter_source "https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/2986/parameters";
    String people_0_affiliation "Provincetown Center for Coastal Studies";
    String people_0_affiliation_acronym "PCCS";
    String people_0_person_name "Dr Charles Mayo";
    String people_0_person_nid "51015";
    String people_0_role "Co-Chief Scientist";
    String people_0_role_type "originator";
    String people_1_affiliation "Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries";
    String people_1_person_name "Dr Daniel McKiernan";
    String people_1_person_nid "51014";
    String people_1_role "Principal Investigator";
    String people_1_role_type "originator";
    String people_2_affiliation "Provincetown Center for Coastal Studies";
    String people_2_affiliation_acronym "PCCS";
    String people_2_person_name "Dr Moira Brown";
    String people_2_person_nid "51013";
    String people_2_role "Co-Principal Investigator";
    String people_2_role_type "originator";
    String people_3_affiliation "Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution";
    String people_3_affiliation_acronym "WHOI";
    String people_3_person_name "Nancy Copley";
    String people_3_person_nid "50396";
    String people_3_role "BCO-DMO Data Manager";
    String people_3_role_type "related";
    String project "NEC-CoopRes";
    String projects_0_acronym "NEC-CoopRes";
    String projects_0_description "The Northeast Consortium encourages and funds cooperative research and monitoring projects in the Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank that have effective, equal partnerships among fishermen, scientists, educators, and marine resource managers.
The Northeast Consortium seeks to fund projects that will be conducted in a responsible manner. Cooperative research projects are designed to minimize any negative impacts to ecosystems or marine organisms, and be consistent with accepted ethical research practices, including the use of animals and human subjects in research, scrutiny of research protocols by an institutional board of review, etc.";
    String projects_0_geolocation "Georges Bank, Gulf of Maine";
    String projects_0_name "Northeast Consortium: Cooperative Research";
    String projects_0_project_nid "2045";
    String projects_0_project_website "http://northeastconsortium.org/";
    String projects_0_start_date "1999-01";
    String publisher_name "Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)";
    String publisher_type "institution";
    String sourceUrl "(local files)";
    String standard_name_vocabulary "CF Standard Name Table v55";
    String subsetVariables "year";
    String summary "Marine mammal sightings and hours at sea during vessel-based habitat sampling cruises of Cape Cod Bay and adjacent waters from the R/V Shearwater NEC-MB2002-1, 2002 (Northeast Consortium Cooperative Research project).";
    String title "Marine mammal sightings and hours at sea during vessel-based habitat sampling cruises of Cape Cod Bay and adjacent waters from the R/V Shearwater NEC-MB2002-1, 2002 (NEC-CoopRes project)";
    String version "1";
    String xml_source "osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3";
  }
}