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Dataset Title:  [Biogeochemistry] - Biogeochemistry Data from R/V Oceanus cruises OC399-03,
OC408-01, OC408-02 from the Northwestern Sargasso Sea roughly 35-28N and 58-
68W, water depths always exceeded 4200m; 2004-2005 (NP project) (New Production
During Winter Convective Mixing Events)
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Institution:  BCO-DMO   (Dataset ID: bcodmo_dataset_3216)
Information:  Summary ? | License ? | FGDC | ISO 19115 | Metadata | Background (external link) | Files | Make a graph
 
Variable ?   Optional
Constraint #1 ?
Optional
Constraint #2 ?
   Minimum ?
 
   Maximum ?
 
 CruiseId (text) ?          "OC399-3"    "OC408-2"
 station (integer) ?          "1"    "BATS 17"
 date (unitless) ?          20040215    20050315
 time2 (Time, HHMM) ?          "0008"    "2357"
 latitude (degrees_north) ?          28.6933    35.8337
  < slider >
 longitude (degrees_east) ?          -67.9328    -57.1648
  < slider >
 Niskin (integer) ?          1    24
 depth (m) ?          0.4    3003.2
  < slider >
 Temperature (degrees celsius) ?          2.73    21.23
 M_DO (micromol/kilogram) ?          148.1    249.1
 DIC (micromol/kilogram) ?          2065.7    2133.8
 T_Alk (equivalents/liter) ?          2388.7    2424.5
 nDIC (micromol/kilogram) ?          2057.8    2153.3
 nT_Alk (equivalents/liter) ?          2391.8    2428.2
 M_Salinity (dimensionless) ?          35.5    37.89
 Nitrate (nanomol/liter) ?          0    10947
 Nitrite (nanomol/liter) ?          0    7810
 AA_Phosphate (nanomol/liter) ?          0    499
 AA_Silicate (nanomol/liter) ?          531    4322
 PIC (nanomol/liter) ?          0    1705
 POC (nanomol/liter) ?          206    5132
 PON (nanomol/liter) ?          44    1195
 M_Silicate (nanomol/liter) ?          506.0    1437.18
 Psi (nanomol/liter) ?          0    170
 
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The Dataset Attribute Structure (.das) for this Dataset

Attributes {
 s {
  CruiseId {
    String bcodmo_name "cruiseid";
    String description "Cruise Id";
    String long_name "Cruise Id";
    String units "text";
  }
  station {
    String bcodmo_name "station";
    String description "CTD drop number";
    String long_name "Station";
    String units "integer";
  }
  date {
    Int32 _FillValue 2147483647;
    Int32 actual_range 20040215, 20050315;
    String bcodmo_name "date";
    String description "date operation occurred (GMT) in YYYYMMDD format";
    String long_name "Date";
    String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ADATAA01/";
    String units "unitless";
  }
  time2 {
    String bcodmo_name "time";
    String description "time operation occurred (GMT)";
    String long_name "Time";
    String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/AHMSAA01/";
    String units "HHMM";
  }
  latitude {
    String _CoordinateAxisType "Lat";
    Float64 _FillValue NaN;
    Float64 actual_range 28.6933, 35.8337;
    String axis "Y";
    String bcodmo_name "latitude";
    Float64 colorBarMaximum 90.0;
    Float64 colorBarMinimum -90.0;
    String description "Latitude position (South is negative)";
    String ioos_category "Location";
    String long_name "Latitude";
    String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LATX/";
    String standard_name "latitude";
    String units "degrees_north";
  }
  longitude {
    String _CoordinateAxisType "Lon";
    Float64 _FillValue NaN;
    Float64 actual_range -67.9328, -57.1648;
    String axis "X";
    String bcodmo_name "longitude";
    Float64 colorBarMaximum 180.0;
    Float64 colorBarMinimum -180.0;
    String description "Longitude position (West is negative)";
    String ioos_category "Location";
    String long_name "Longitude";
    String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LONX/";
    String standard_name "longitude";
    String units "degrees_east";
  }
  Niskin {
    Byte _FillValue 127;
    String _Unsigned "false";
    Byte actual_range 1, 24;
    String bcodmo_name "bottle";
    String description "Niskin bottle number";
    String long_name "Niskin";
    String units "integer";
  }
  depth {
    String _CoordinateAxisType "Height";
    String _CoordinateZisPositive "down";
    Float64 _FillValue NaN;
    Float64 actual_range 0.4, 3003.2;
    String axis "Z";
    String bcodmo_name "depth";
    Float64 colorBarMaximum 8000.0;
    Float64 colorBarMinimum -8000.0;
    String colorBarPalette "TopographyDepth";
    String description "depth where Niskin was fired";
    String ioos_category "Location";
    String long_name "Depth";
    String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/DEPH/";
    String positive "down";
    String standard_name "depth";
    String units "m";
  }
  Temperature {
    Float32 _FillValue NaN;
    Float32 actual_range 2.73, 21.23;
    String bcodmo_name "temperature";
    String description "CTD temperature";
    String long_name "Temperature";
    String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/TEMPP901/";
    String units "degrees celsius";
  }
  M_DO {
    Float32 _FillValue NaN;
    Float32 actual_range 148.1, 249.1;
    String bcodmo_name "dissolved Oxygen";
    String description "manual dissolved Oxygens";
    String long_name "M DO";
    String units "micromol/kilogram";
  }
  DIC {
    Float32 _FillValue NaN;
    Float32 actual_range 2065.7, 2133.8;
    String bcodmo_name "DIC";
    String description "dissolved inorganic Carbon";
    String long_name "DIC";
    String units "micromol/kilogram";
  }
  T_Alk {
    Float32 _FillValue NaN;
    Float32 actual_range 2388.7, 2424.5;
    String bcodmo_name "TALK";
    String description "total alkalinity";
    String long_name "T Alk";
    String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/MDMAP014/";
    String units "equivalents/liter";
  }
  nDIC {
    Float32 _FillValue NaN;
    Float32 actual_range 2057.8, 2153.3;
    String bcodmo_name "DIC";
    String description "normalized dissolved inorganic Carbon";
    String long_name "N DIC";
    String units "micromol/kilogram";
  }
  nT_Alk {
    Float32 _FillValue NaN;
    Float32 actual_range 2391.8, 2428.2;
    String bcodmo_name "TALK";
    String description "normalized total alkalinity";
    String long_name "N T Alk";
    String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/MDMAP014/";
    String units "equivalents/liter";
  }
  M_Salinity {
    Float32 _FillValue NaN;
    Float32 actual_range 35.5, 37.89;
    String bcodmo_name "sal";
    Float64 colorBarMaximum 37.0;
    Float64 colorBarMinimum 32.0;
    String description "manual salinity";
    String long_name "Sea Water Practical Salinity";
    String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/PSALST01/";
    String units "dimensionless";
  }
  Nitrate {
    Int16 _FillValue 32767;
    Int16 actual_range 0, 10947;
    String bcodmo_name "NO3";
    Float64 colorBarMaximum 50.0;
    Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0;
    String description "Nitrate - Auto Analyzer and Long Wave Guide analysis";
    String long_name "Mole Concentration Of Nitrate In Sea Water";
    String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/NTRAIGGS/";
    String units "nanomol/liter";
  }
  Nitrite {
    Int16 _FillValue 32767;
    Int16 actual_range 0, 7810;
    String bcodmo_name "NO2";
    Float64 colorBarMaximum 1.0;
    Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0;
    String description "Nitrite - Auto Analyzer and Long Wave Guide analysis";
    String long_name "Mole Concentration Of Nitrite In Sea Water";
    String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/NTRIAAZX/";
    String units "nanomol/liter";
  }
  AA_Phosphate {
    Int16 _FillValue 32767;
    Int16 actual_range 0, 499;
    String bcodmo_name "unknown";
    String description "Phosphate - Auto Analyzer Analysis";
    String long_name "Mass Concentration Of Phosphate In Sea Water";
    String units "nanomol/liter";
  }
  AA_Silicate {
    Int16 _FillValue 32767;
    Int16 actual_range 531, 4322;
    String bcodmo_name "SiOH_4";
    String description "Silicate - Auto Analyzer Analysis";
    String long_name "Mass Concentration Of Silicate In Sea Water";
    String units "nanomol/liter";
  }
  PIC {
    Int16 _FillValue 32767;
    Int16 actual_range 0, 1705;
    String bcodmo_name "PIC";
    String description "particulate inorganic Carbon";
    String long_name "Particulate Inorganic Carbon";
    String units "nanomol/liter";
  }
  POC {
    Int16 _FillValue 32767;
    Int16 actual_range 206, 5132;
    String bcodmo_name "POC";
    String description "particulate organic Carbon";
    String long_name "Particulate Organic Carbon";
    String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/CORGCAP1/";
    String units "nanomol/liter";
  }
  PON {
    Int16 _FillValue 32767;
    Int16 actual_range 44, 1195;
    String bcodmo_name "PON";
    String description "particulate organic Nitrogen";
    String long_name "PON";
    String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/MDMAP013/";
    String units "nanomol/liter";
  }
  M_Silicate {
    Float32 _FillValue NaN;
    Float32 actual_range 506.0, 1437.18;
    String bcodmo_name "SiOH_4";
    String description "manual Silicate";
    String long_name "Mass Concentration Of Silicate In Sea Water";
    String units "nanomol/liter";
  }
  Psi {
    Int16 _FillValue 32767;
    Int16 actual_range 0, 170;
    String bcodmo_name "unknown";
    String description "particulate Silicate";
    String long_name "Psi";
    String units "nanomol/liter";
  }
 }
  NC_GLOBAL {
    String access_formats ".htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson";
    String acquisition_description 
"Detailed methods for all data collected as part of this study can be found in
one of the three publications arising from this study (references given
below). This contains information on analytical machines and certified
standards where applicable.
 
Sample QA/QC procedures followed those of the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series
Study (BATS). At the point of collection, any leaking niskin bottles were
noted on the master cast sheets and samples were taken from a different niskin
fired at the same depth as the leaking bottle. No data are reported for
leaking Niskin bottles. During sample analysis standard curves and/or
certified standards were carefully examined to ensure that they were
consistent with expectations and accurate. Next, data were plotted as depth
profiles and compared to a quality control window for the February/March
period at BATS. The QC window consisted of the upper and lower 95% confidence
limits based upon all data collected at BATS during February/March from
1989-2005. If our data fell well within these bounds it was considered
'acceptable'. For those data that fell near or outside the QC window, we went
back to the original data run to ensure there was no miscalculation or other
error. If nothing was found, then we examined other data from that niskin to
see if other samples are in question. If no obvious error or problem was
found, the data were considered OK and in the range of extremes that this
study hoped to observe.
 
Sample accuracy and precision. Sample accuracy was assessed by using certified
standards, for those measurements where standards are available (dissolved
oxygen, nutrients, salinity, dissolved inorganic and organic carbon).
Certified standards were run with each analytical run and compared to long
term control charts for respective analyses. Samples were not run until
certified standards were shown to be accurate for that analytical run. Sample
precision was determined by analyzing replicate samples (not replicate
analyses on the same sample) and therefore is higher than analytical precision
due to the inclusion of sampling error. At the concentrations observed during
this study, sample precision was <5% for stock measurements and <10-15% for
rate measurements. Some analyses, namely dissolved oxygen and salinity, were
much better and often had a sample precisions <1%. These precision estimates
are consistent with the long term QA/QC seen with the BATS program.
 
 The provided data files are complete matrices and therefore not every sample
(columns) will be taken from every Niskin fired (rows). Data that were either
not collected, or were associated with leaking Niskins, or were found to be in
error for other reasons are denoted by \\\"-nd\\\" in the spreadsheets.
 
References:  
Detailed information on phytoplankton analysis.  
 Lomas, M.W., Roberts, N., Lipschultz, F., Krause, J.W., Nelson, D.M., and
Bates, N.R. 2009. Biogeochemical responses to late-winter storms in the
Sargasso Sea. IV. Rapid succession of major phytoplankton groups.  
 Deep Sea Research I, 56: 892-909.  
 doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2009.03.004
 
Detailed information on all silica cycle measurements.  
 Krause, J.W., Nelson, D.M., and Lomas, M.W. 2009. Biogeochemical responses
to late-winter storms in the Sargasso Sea. 2009. II. Increased rates of
biogenic silica production and export.  
 Deep Sea Research I, 56: 861-875.  
 doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2009.01.002
 
Maiti, K., Benitez-Nelson, C.R., Lomas, M.W., and Krause, J. W. 2009.
Biogeochemical responses to late-winter storms in the Sargasso Sea. IV.
Comparison of Export Production by 234Th and  
 Sediment Traps.  
 Deep Sea Research I, 56: 875-892.  
 doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2009.01.008
 
Detailed information on general biogeochemical measurements.  
 Lomas, M.W., Lipschultz, F., Nelson, D.M., and Bates, N.R. 2009.
Biogeochemical responses to late-winter storms in the Sargasso Sea. I. Pulses
of new and primary production.  
 Deep Sea Research I, 56: 843-861.  
 doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2008.09.002";
    String awards_0_award_nid "54744";
    String awards_0_award_number "OCE-0241662";
    String awards_0_data_url "http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=0241662";
    String awards_0_funder_name "NSF Division of Ocean Sciences";
    String awards_0_funding_acronym "NSF OCE";
    String awards_0_funding_source_nid "355";
    String awards_0_program_manager "Dr Alexandra Isern";
    String awards_0_program_manager_nid "51475";
    String cdm_data_type "Other";
    String comment 
"version: 07 Dec 2009 
  PIs: Lomas, et al 
  NP All Biogeochemistry";
    String Conventions "COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3";
    String creator_email "info@bco-dmo.org";
    String creator_name "BCO-DMO";
    String creator_type "institution";
    String creator_url "https://www.bco-dmo.org/";
    String data_source "extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3  19 Dec 2019";
    String date_created "2010-06-16T20:40:40Z";
    String date_modified "2016-08-20T03:10:46Z";
    String defaultDataQuery "&amp;time&lt;now";
    String doi "10.1575/1912/4853";
    Float64 Easternmost_Easting -57.1648;
    Float64 geospatial_lat_max 35.8337;
    Float64 geospatial_lat_min 28.6933;
    String geospatial_lat_units "degrees_north";
    Float64 geospatial_lon_max -57.1648;
    Float64 geospatial_lon_min -67.9328;
    String geospatial_lon_units "degrees_east";
    Float64 geospatial_vertical_max 3003.2;
    Float64 geospatial_vertical_min 0.4;
    String geospatial_vertical_positive "down";
    String geospatial_vertical_units "m";
    String history 
"2024-11-08T06:23:33Z (local files)
2024-11-08T06:23:33Z https://erddap.bco-dmo.org/erddap/tabledap/bcodmo_dataset_3216.html";
    String infoUrl "https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/3216";
    String institution "BCO-DMO";
    String instruments_0_acronym "Niskin bottle";
    String instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid "4969";
    String instruments_0_description "A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends.  The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24 or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD.  Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc.";
    String instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0412/";
    String instruments_0_instrument_name "Niskin bottle";
    String instruments_0_instrument_nid "413";
    String instruments_0_supplied_name "Niskin Bottle";
    String instruments_1_acronym "CTD SBE 911";
    String instruments_1_dataset_instrument_description "SBE 911+ Deck Unit and CTD Rosette";
    String instruments_1_dataset_instrument_nid "4963";
    String instruments_1_description "The Sea-Bird SBE 911 is a type of CTD instrument package.  The SBE 911 includes the SBE 9 Underwater Unit and the SBE 11 Deck Unit (for real-time readout using conductive wire) for deployment from a vessel. The combination of the SBE 9 and SBE 11 is called a SBE 911.  The SBE 9 uses Sea-Bird's standard modular temperature and conductivity sensors (SBE 3 and SBE 4). The SBE 9 CTD can be configured with auxiliary sensors to measure other parameters including dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, fluorescence, light (PAR), light transmission, etc.). More information from Sea-Bird Electronics.";
    String instruments_1_instrument_external_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0035/";
    String instruments_1_instrument_name "CTD Sea-Bird 911";
    String instruments_1_instrument_nid "422";
    String instruments_1_supplied_name "CTD Seabird 911";
    String keywords "AA_Phosphate, AA_Silicate, alk, bco, bco-dmo, biological, carbon, chemical, chemistry, concentration, cruise, CruiseId, data, dataset, date, density, depth, dic, dmo, earth, Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Nitrate, Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Phosphate, Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Silicate, Earth Science > Oceans > Salinity/Density > Salinity, erddap, inorganic, latitude, longitude, M_DO, M_Salinity, M_Silicate, management, mass, mass_concentration_of_phosphate_in_sea_water, mass_concentration_of_silicate_in_sea_water, mole, mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_water, mole_concentration_of_nitrite_in_sea_water, n02, nDIC, niskin, nitrate, nitrite, no3, nT_Alk, ocean, oceanography, oceans, office, organic, particulate, phosphate, PIC, po4, POC, pon, practical, preliminary, psi, salinity, science, sea, sea_water_practical_salinity, seawater, silicate, station, T_Alk, temperature, time, time2, water";
    String keywords_vocabulary "GCMD Science Keywords";
    String license "https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/3216/license";
    String metadata_source "https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/3216";
    Float64 Northernmost_Northing 35.8337;
    String param_mapping "{'3216': {'lat': 'master - latitude', 'depth': 'flag - depth', 'lon': 'master - longitude'}}";
    String parameter_source "https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/3216/parameters";
    String people_0_affiliation "Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences";
    String people_0_affiliation_acronym "BIOS";
    String people_0_person_name "Michael W. Lomas";
    String people_0_person_nid "50776";
    String people_0_role "Principal Investigator";
    String people_0_role_type "originator";
    String people_1_affiliation "Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences";
    String people_1_affiliation_acronym "BIOS";
    String people_1_person_name "Nicholas Bates";
    String people_1_person_nid "50655";
    String people_1_role "Co-Principal Investigator";
    String people_1_role_type "originator";
    String people_2_affiliation "Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences";
    String people_2_affiliation_acronym "BIOS";
    String people_2_person_name "Anthony Knap";
    String people_2_person_nid "50759";
    String people_2_role "Co-Principal Investigator";
    String people_2_role_type "originator";
    String people_3_affiliation "National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) HQ";
    String people_3_affiliation_acronym "NASA HQ";
    String people_3_person_name "Fredric Lipschultz";
    String people_3_person_nid "51098";
    String people_3_role "Co-Principal Investigator";
    String people_3_role_type "originator";
    String people_4_affiliation "Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer";
    String people_4_affiliation_acronym "IUEM";
    String people_4_person_name "David M. Nelson";
    String people_4_person_nid "50589";
    String people_4_role "Co-Principal Investigator";
    String people_4_role_type "originator";
    String people_5_affiliation "Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences";
    String people_5_affiliation_acronym "BIOS";
    String people_5_person_name "Michael W. Lomas";
    String people_5_person_nid "50776";
    String people_5_role "Contact";
    String people_5_role_type "related";
    String people_6_affiliation "Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution";
    String people_6_affiliation_acronym "WHOI";
    String people_6_person_name "Stephen R. Gegg";
    String people_6_person_nid "50910";
    String people_6_role "BCO-DMO Data Manager";
    String people_6_role_type "related";
    String project "NP";
    String projects_0_acronym "NP";
    String projects_0_description 
"New Production During Winter Convective Mixing Events: A Missing Component of Current Estimates
Daily biogeochemical data collected during winter convection in the Sargasso Sea.
Photosynthetic uptake of CO2 by oceanic phytoplankton and the export of the resulting organic carbon to the deep sea comprise a 'biological pump' (Volk and Hoffert, 1985), capable of extracting globally significant amounts of CO2 from the atmosphere. As a consequence, it is important from the perspective of the global carbon cycle to understand both the present efficiency and the main controlling mechanisms of this important carbon pathway. In the open ocean the biological pump is driven by new production of organic matter (production supported by externally supplied nutrients) and export of that organic matter to depth. Many methods have been employed to estimate new production, with varying degrees of agreement.
In the Sargasso Sea, for example, geochemical estimates of new production largely exclude the winter mixing period (because their fundamental assumption are valid only during stratified periods). Biological methods suggest that the pre-stratification period can be as important, in terms of new production, as the remainder of the year. Those biological estimates are poorly constrained and based on sparse data. Because of the enormous spatial extent of subtropical gyres similar to the Sargasso Sea, uncertainty in the rate of new production and organic matter export in those systems leads to large uncertainty in biologically-driven carbon fluxes at the global-scale.
Short-term stochastic events are increasingly recognized as being disproportionately important for biogeochemical cycling and carbon storage in the ocean. Recent data suggest that in the Sargasso Sea, the passage of weather fronts leads to increased new production during the winter mixing period. We hypothesize that these events lead to enhanced NO3-input, followed by a rapid biological response and accumulation of biomass, and an equally rapid export of that biomass. This rapid export may be systematically missed by the 3-4 day particle trap deployments of the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) because they are hypothesized to happen during or immediately after the passage of frontal systems, when the vessel used for the BATS sampling program does not leave port. Such events have, however, been captured as increases in the fluorometer traces at the Bermuda Testbed Mooring (BTM) and increases in organic carbon flux in the continuous Ocean Flux Program (OFP) sediment traps, both of which are deployed in the Sargasso Sea near Bermuda
We propose a process-oriented study of new production and its control during the period before formation of the seasonal thermocline in the BATS/BTM/OFP region near Bermuda. This study will be conducted during two 30-day cruises (one in 2004 and one in 2005) during the winter mixing period when the passage of these fronts is most common and when few data are available to constrain new production estimates. It will be crucial for this study to sample from a fully weather-capable research vessel, which can stay out and continue operations through most winter storms. We will use direct measurements of NO3-entrainment, NO3-uptake, phytoplankton community structure change, and dissolved and particulate organic matter export to elucidate the linkages between new production and export production as well as determine the main biological responses to short-term physical forcing. Particular emphasis will be placed on biogeochemically critical phytoplankton groups such as diatoms and coccolithophorids, which can exploit transiently favorable conditions of the kind we hypothesize to occur in late winter/early spring and which play a disproportionately large role in organic-matter export in many systems.
An understanding of ocean function is no longer important just to practicing ocean scientists. This project will provide information critical for biogeochemical modelers seeking to constrain future predictions of changes in the oceanic biological pump, and will also provide information of interest to students, teachers and the general public.
If in fact a significant, and previously unmeasured, amount of new production occurs in subtropical gyres during the winter mixing period, then biological processes in the central oceans play a greater role in the global carbon cycle - including regulation of atmospheric CO2 - than we recognize at present. Regardless of whether or not our study shows that this is the case, we will explain the results and their implications to graduate and undergraduate courses through the teaching programs at BBSR and OSU, to high-school and elementary-school teachers through a targeted teacher-training program at BBSR and to the broader public in seminars and other public presentations.
Related files
OC399-3 Cruise ReportOC408-1,2 Cruise Report

References:Detailed information on phytoplankton analysis.
Lomas, M.W., Roberts, N., Lipschultz, F., Krause, J.W., Nelson, D.M., and Bates, N.R. 2009.
Biogeochemical responses to late-winter storms in the Sargasso Sea. IV. Rapid succession of
major phytoplankton groups.
Deep Sea Research I, 56: 892-909.
doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2009.03.004
Detailed information on all silica cycle measurements.
Krause, J.W., Nelson, D.M., and Lomas, M.W. 2009. Biogeochemical responses to late-winter
storms in the Sargasso Sea. 2009. II. Increased rates of biogenic silica production and export.
Deep Sea Research I, 56: 861-875.
doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2009.01.002
Maiti, K., Benitez-Nelson, C.R., Lomas, M.W., and Krause, J. W. 2009. Biogeochemical responses
to late-winter storms in the Sargasso Sea. IV. Comparison of Export Production by 234Th and
Sediment Traps.
Deep Sea Research I, 56: 875-892.
doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2009.01.008
Detailed information on general biogeochemical measurements.
Lomas, M.W., Lipschultz, F., Nelson, D.M., and Bates, N.R. 2009. Biogeochemical responses
to late-winter storms in the Sargasso Sea. I. Pulses of new and primary production.
Deep Sea Research I, 56: 843-861.
doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2008.09.002";
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 Daily biogeochemical data collected during winter convection in the Sargasso
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    String title "[Biogeochemistry] - Biogeochemistry Data from R/V Oceanus cruises OC399-03, OC408-01, OC408-02 from the Northwestern Sargasso Sea roughly 35-28N and 58-68W, water depths always exceeded 4200m; 2004-2005 (NP project) (New Production During Winter Convective Mixing Events)";
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Using tabledap to Request Data and Graphs from Tabular Datasets

tabledap lets you request a data subset, a graph, or a map from a tabular dataset (for example, buoy data), via a specially formed URL. tabledap uses the OPeNDAP (external link) Data Access Protocol (DAP) (external link) and its selection constraints (external link).

The URL specifies what you want: the dataset, a description of the graph or the subset of the data, and the file type for the response.

Tabledap request URLs must be in the form
https://coastwatch.pfeg.noaa.gov/erddap/tabledap/datasetID.fileType{?query}
For example,
https://coastwatch.pfeg.noaa.gov/erddap/tabledap/pmelTaoDySst.htmlTable?longitude,latitude,time,station,wmo_platform_code,T_25&time>=2015-05-23T12:00:00Z&time<=2015-05-31T12:00:00Z
Thus, the query is often a comma-separated list of desired variable names, followed by a collection of constraints (e.g., variable<value), each preceded by '&' (which is interpreted as "AND").

For details, see the tabledap Documentation.


 
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