Attributes { s { expocode { String bcodmo_name "unknown"; String description "Expedition code is a unique cruise identifier code, required for every cruise dealt with by the CLIVAR and Carbon Hydrographic Data Office (CCHDO), of the format NODCshipcodeYearMonthDay."; String long_name "Expocode"; String units "dimensionless"; } sect_id { String bcodmo_name "cruise_id"; String description "A unique alphanumeric code identifying cruise."; String long_name "Sect Id"; String units "dimensionless"; } station_GEOTRC { Byte _FillValue 127; String _Unsigned "false"; Byte actual_range 7, 24; String bcodmo_name "station"; String description "GEOTRACES station number; ranges from 1 through 12 for KN199-04 and 1 through 24 for KN204-01. Stations 7 and 9 were skipped on KN204-01. PI-supplied values were identical to those in the intermediate US GEOTRACES master file. Originally submitted as 'STNNBR', this parameter name has been changed to conform to BCO-DMO's GEOTRACES naming conventions."; String long_name "Station GEOTRC"; String units "dimensionless"; } cast_GEOTRC { Byte _FillValue 127; String _Unsigned "false"; Byte actual_range 2, 6; String bcodmo_name "cast"; String description "Cast identifier numbered consecutively within a station. PI-supplied values were identical to those in the intermediate US GEOTRACES master file. Originally submitted as 'CASTNO'; this parameter name has been changed to conform to BCO-DMO's GEOTRACES naming conventions."; String long_name "Cast GEOTRC"; String units "dimensionless"; } event_GEOTRC { Int16 _FillValue 32767; Int16 actual_range 2121, 3281; String bcodmo_name "event"; String description "Unique identifying number for US GEOTRACES sampling events; ranges from 2001 to 2225 for KN199-04 events and from 3001 to 3282 for KN204-01 events. PI-supplied values were identical to those in the intermediate US GEOTRACES master file. Originally submitted as 'GEOTRC_EVENTNO', this parameter name has been changed to conform to BCO-DMO's GEOTRACES naming conventions."; String long_name "Event GEOTRC"; String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/EVTAGFL/"; String units "dimensionless"; } latitude { String _CoordinateAxisType "Lat"; Float64 _FillValue NaN; Float64 actual_range 17.3497, 24.15; String axis "Y"; String bcodmo_name "latitude"; Float64 colorBarMaximum 90.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum -90.0; String description "Latitude component of geographic position where samples were collected."; String ioos_category "Location"; String long_name "Latitude"; String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LATX/"; String standard_name "latitude"; String units "degrees_north"; } longitude { String _CoordinateAxisType "Lon"; Float64 _FillValue NaN; Float64 actual_range -40.2179, -18.2499; String axis "X"; String bcodmo_name "longitude"; Float64 colorBarMaximum 180.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum -180.0; String description "Longitude component of geographic position where samples were collected."; String ioos_category "Location"; String long_name "Longitude"; String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LONX/"; String standard_name "longitude"; String units "degrees_east"; } date_utc { Int32 _FillValue 2147483647; Int32 actual_range 20101024, 20111210; String bcodmo_name "date_utc"; String description "Date in UTC. in the format yyyymmdd"; String long_name "Date Utc"; String units "unitless"; } time_utc { Int16 _FillValue 32767; Int16 actual_range 124, 2346; String bcodmo_name "time_utc"; String description "Time recorded in UTC."; String long_name "Time Utc"; String units "hhmm"; } sample_GEOTRC { Int16 _FillValue 32767; Int16 actual_range 5490, 8140; String bcodmo_name "sample"; String description "Unique identifying number for US GEOTRACES samples; ranges from 5033 to 6078 for KN199-04 and from 6112 to 8148 for KN204-01. PI-supplied values were identical to those in the intermediate US GEOTRACES master file Originally submitted as 'GEOTRC_SAMPNO'; this parameter name has been changed to conform to BCO-DMO's GEOTRACES naming conventions."; String long_name "Sample GEOTRC"; String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/ACYC/"; String units "dimensionless"; } sample_bottle_GEOTRC { Byte _FillValue 127; String _Unsigned "false"; Byte actual_range 1, 12; String bcodmo_name "sample"; String description "Unique identification numbers given to samples taken from bottles; rangies from 1 to 24; often used synonymously with bottle number. PI-supplied values were identical to those in the intermediate US GEOTRACES master file. Originally submitted as 'sample'; this parameter name has been changed to conform to BCO-DMO's GEOTRACES naming conventions."; String long_name "Sample Bottle GEOTRC"; String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/ACYC/"; String units "dimensionless"; } bottle_GEOTRC { String bcodmo_name "bottle"; String description "Alphanumeric characters identifying bottle type (e.g. NIS representing Niskin and GF representing GOFLO) and position on a CTD rosette. PI-supplied values were identical to those in the intermediate US GEOTRACES master file. Originally submitted as 'BTLNBR'; this parameter name has been changed to conform to BCO-DMO's GEOTRACES naming conventions."; String long_name "Bottle GEOTRC"; String units "dimensionless"; } bottle_qflag { Byte _FillValue 127; String _Unsigned "false"; Byte actual_range 2, 2; String bcodmo_name "q_flag"; Float64 colorBarMaximum 150.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0; String description "Quality flag associated with each bottle, reported as BTLNBR_FLAT_W."; String long_name "Bottle Qflag"; String units "dimensionless"; } depth_bottom { Int16 _FillValue 32767; Int16 actual_range 1068, 5848; String bcodmo_name "depth_bottom"; Float64 colorBarMaximum 8000.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum -8000.0; String colorBarPalette "TopographyDepth"; String description "Bottom depth in meters, reported as BTMDEPTH."; String long_name "Depth"; String standard_name "depth"; String units "meters"; } depth { String _CoordinateAxisType "Height"; String _CoordinateZisPositive "down"; Float64 _FillValue NaN; Float64 actual_range 22.4, 5815.3; String axis "Z"; String bcodmo_name "depth"; Float64 colorBarMaximum 8000.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum -8000.0; String colorBarPalette "TopographyDepth"; String description "Observation/sample depth in meters; calculated from CTD pressure. PI-supplied values were identical to those in the intermediate US GEOTRACES master file. Originally submitted as 'CTDDEPTH'; this parameter name has been changed to conform to BCO-DMO's GEOTRACES naming conventions."; String ioos_category "Location"; String long_name "Depth"; String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/DEPH/"; String positive "down"; String standard_name "depth"; String units "m"; } press { Float32 _FillValue NaN; Float32 actual_range 22.5, 5958.6; String bcodmo_name "pressure"; String description "Water pressure at measurement, reported as CTDPRS."; String long_name "Press"; String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/PRESPR01/"; String units "decibars"; } temp { Float32 _FillValue NaN; Float32 actual_range 2.3508, 27.88; String bcodmo_name "temperature"; String description "Water temperature at sample depth, reported as CTDTMP."; String long_name "Temperature"; String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/TEMPP901/"; String units "degrees Celsius"; } sal { Float32 _FillValue NaN; Float32 actual_range 34.8781, 37.4151; String bcodmo_name "sal"; String description "CTD Salinity reported as CTDSAL."; String long_name "Sal"; String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/PSALST01/"; String units "dimensionless"; } sal_qflag { Byte _FillValue 127; String _Unsigned "false"; Byte actual_range 2, 2; String bcodmo_name "q_flag"; Float64 colorBarMaximum 150.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0; String description "Quality flag associated with the CTD salinity measurement."; String long_name "Sal Qflag"; String units "dimensionless"; } sal_bottle { Float32 _FillValue NaN; Float32 actual_range 34.8782, 37.4169; String bcodmo_name "sal_bottle"; String description "Bottle salinity measurement, reported as SALNTY."; String long_name "Sal Bottle"; String units "dimensionless"; } sal_bottle_qflag { Byte _FillValue 127; String _Unsigned "false"; Byte actual_range 2, 3; String bcodmo_name "q_flag"; Float64 colorBarMaximum 150.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0; String description "Quality flag associated with bottle salinity measurement."; String long_name "Sal Bottle Qflag"; String units "dimensionless"; } DIC { Float32 _FillValue NaN; Float32 actual_range -999.0, 2457.52; String bcodmo_name "DIC"; String description "Dissolved inorganic Carbon."; String long_name "DIC"; String units "micromoles/kg"; } DIC_qflag { Byte _FillValue 127; String _Unsigned "false"; Byte actual_range 2, 6; String bcodmo_name "q_flag"; Float64 colorBarMaximum 150.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0; String description "Quality flag associated with DIC determination.  See metadata for flag definitions."; String long_name "DIC Qflag"; String units "dimensionless"; } comments_DIC { String bcodmo_name "comment"; String description "Comments associated with DIC determination; originally reported as 'Comments', where NC = No Comment."; String long_name "Comments DIC"; String units "dimensionless"; } TALK { Float32 _FillValue NaN; Float32 actual_range -999.0, 2439.41; String bcodmo_name "TALK"; String description "Total Alkalinity of water sample; originally reported as TA."; String long_name "TALK"; String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/MDMAP014/"; String units "micromoles per Kilogram"; } TALK_qflag { Byte _FillValue 127; String _Unsigned "false"; Byte actual_range 2, 6; String bcodmo_name "q_flag"; Float64 colorBarMaximum 150.0; Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0; String description "Quality flag associated with total alkalinity determination.  See metadata for flag definitions."; String long_name "TALK Qflag"; String units "dimensionless"; } comments_TALK { String bcodmo_name "comment"; String description "Comments associated with total TALK determination; originally reported as 'Comments', where NC = No Comment."; String long_name "Comments TALK"; String units "dimensionless"; } time { String _CoordinateAxisType "Time"; Float64 actual_range 1.28792052e+9, 1.32350874e+9; String axis "T"; String bcodmo_name "ISO_DateTime_UTC"; String description "Date and time (UTC) variable recorded at the bottle sampling time in ISO compliant format. Values were added from the intermediate US GEOTRACES master file (see Processing Description). This standard is based on ISO 8601:2004(E) and takes on the following form: 2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]Z (UTC time)"; String ioos_category "Time"; String long_name "BTL ISO Date Time UTC"; String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/DTUT8601/"; String source_name "BTL_ISO_DateTime_UTC"; String standard_name "time"; String time_origin "01-JAN-1970 00:00:00"; String time_precision "1970-01-01T00:00:00.00Z"; String units "seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z"; } } NC_GLOBAL { String access_formats ".htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson,.odvTxt"; String acquisition_description "Sampling and Analytical Methodology: DIC and TA samples: Sampling from the Niskin followed standard CLIVAR-CO2, GEOTRACES and GO-ship protocols.\\u00a0 Samples were collected in ~500 ml Pyrex bottles that were poisoned with 100 \\u03bcl Hg2Cl, sealed and stored in the dark before analysis back in the laboratory at BIOS. DIC was determined using a high precision (0.05%CV) coulometer based instrument (VINDTA 3C)(Bates et al., 2012).\\u00a0 TA was determined by a high- precision (<0.05%CV) potentiometric technique using a VINDTA 2S (Marianda, Germany). Replicate samples were also analyzed at BIOS.\\u00a0 Both DIC and TA instruments were routinely calibrated using seawater Certified Reference Material (CRM) from A.G. Dickson, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, and the accuracy of samples compared to CRM\\u2019s was less than 0.1% (2 \\u03bcmoles kg-1)."; String awards_0_award_nid "55130"; String awards_0_award_number "OCE-1132566"; String awards_0_data_url "http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1132566"; String awards_0_funder_name "NSF Division of Ocean Sciences"; String awards_0_funding_acronym "NSF OCE"; String awards_0_funding_source_nid "355"; String awards_0_program_manager "Donald L. Rice"; String awards_0_program_manager_nid "51467"; String cdm_data_type "Other"; String comment "Inorganic Carbon data from GT10 and GT11 cruises PI: Nicholas Bates (BIOS) Version: 20121230, Cruises: KN199-4, KN204-01 Quality Flags: 2- good data 5- questionable data 6- bad data (defined as -999) 9- no data NC- No comment in the comment column"; String Conventions "COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3"; String creator_email "info@bco-dmo.org"; String creator_name "BCO-DMO"; String creator_type "institution"; String creator_url "https://www.bco-dmo.org/"; String data_source "extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019"; String date_created "2012-12-31T20:04:13Z"; String date_modified "2020-03-26T19:05:11Z"; String defaultDataQuery "&time<now"; String doi "10.26008/1912/bco-dmo.3829.1"; Float64 Easternmost_Easting -18.2499; Float64 geospatial_lat_max 24.15; Float64 geospatial_lat_min 17.3497; String geospatial_lat_units "degrees_north"; Float64 geospatial_lon_max -18.2499; Float64 geospatial_lon_min -40.2179; String geospatial_lon_units "degrees_east"; Float64 geospatial_vertical_max 5815.3; Float64 geospatial_vertical_min 22.4; String geospatial_vertical_positive "down"; String geospatial_vertical_units "m"; String history "2024-11-08T07:37:38Z (local files) 2024-11-08T07:37:38Z https://erddap.bco-dmo.org/erddap/tabledap/bcodmo_dataset_3829.das"; String infoUrl "https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/3829"; String institution "BCO-DMO"; String instruments_0_acronym "Automatic titrator"; String instruments_0_dataset_instrument_description "TA was determined by a high- precision ("; String instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid "5978"; String instruments_0_description "Instruments that incrementally add quantified aliquots of a reagent to a sample until the end-point of a chemical reaction is reached."; String instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB12/"; String instruments_0_instrument_name "Automatic titrator"; String instruments_0_instrument_nid "682"; String instruments_0_supplied_name "Automatic titrator"; String instruments_1_acronym "inorganic carbon and alkalinity analyser"; String instruments_1_dataset_instrument_description "DIC was determined using a high precision (0.05%CV) coulometer based instrument (VINDTA 3C)(Bates et al., 2012)"; String instruments_1_dataset_instrument_nid "5977"; String instruments_1_description "The Versatile INstrument for the Determination of Total inorganic carbon and titration Alkalinity (VINDTA) 3C is a laboratory alkalinity titration system combined with an extraction unit for coulometric titration, which simultaneously determines the alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon content of a sample. The sample transport is performed with peristaltic pumps and acid is added to the sample using a membrane pump. No pressurizing system is required and only one gas supply (nitrogen or dry and CO2-free air) is necessary. The system uses a Metrohm Titrino 719S, an ORION-Ross pH electrode and a Metrohm reference electrode. The burette, the pipette and the analysis cell have a water jacket around them. Precision is typically +/- 1 umol/kg for TA and/or DIC in open ocean water."; String instruments_1_instrument_external_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0481/"; String instruments_1_instrument_name "MARIANDA VINDTA 3C total inorganic carbon and titration alkalinity analyser"; String instruments_1_instrument_nid "686"; String instruments_1_supplied_name "MARIANDA VINDTA 3C total inorganic carbon and titration alkalinity analyser"; String keywords "altimetry, bco, bco-dmo, biological, bottle, bottle_GEOTRC, bottle_qflag, btl, cast, cast_GEOTRC, chemical, comments, comments_DIC, comments_TALK, data, dataset, date, date_utc, depth, depth_bottom, depth_GEOTRC_CTD, dic, DIC_qflag, dmo, erddap, event, event_GEOTRC, expocode, geotrc, iso, laboratory, latitude, longitude, management, oceanography, office, preliminary, press, qflag, sal, sal_bottle, sal_bottle_qflag, sal_qflag, sample, sample_bottle_GEOTRC, sample_GEOTRC, satellite, sect, sect_id, station, station_GEOTRC, talk, TALK_qflag, temperature, time, time_utc"; String license "https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/3829/license"; String metadata_source "https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/3829"; Float64 Northernmost_Northing 24.15; String param_mapping "{'3829': {'depth_GEOTRC_CTD': 'flag - depth', 'lat': 'flag - latitude', 'BTL_ISO_DateTime_UTC': 'flag - time', 'lon': 'flag - longitude'}}"; String parameter_source "https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/3829/parameters"; String people_0_affiliation "Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences"; String people_0_affiliation_acronym "BIOS"; String people_0_person_name "Nicholas Bates"; String people_0_person_nid "50655"; String people_0_role "Principal Investigator"; String people_0_role_type "originator"; String people_1_affiliation "Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution"; String people_1_affiliation_acronym "WHOI BCO-DMO"; String people_1_person_name "Danie Kinkade"; String people_1_person_nid "51549"; String people_1_role "BCO-DMO Data Manager"; String people_1_role_type "related"; String project "U.S. GEOTRACES NAT"; String projects_0_acronym "U.S. GEOTRACES NAT"; String projects_0_description "Much of this text appeared in an article published in OCB News, October 2008, by the OCB Project Office. The first U.S. GEOTRACES Atlantic Section will be specifically centered around a sampling cruise to be carried out in the North Atlantic in 2010. Ed Boyle (MIT) and Bill Jenkins (WHOI) organized a three-day planning workshop that was held September 22-24, 2008 at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The main goal of the workshop, sponsored by the National Science Foundation and the U.S. GEOTRACES Scientific Steering Committee, was to design the implementation plan for the first U.S. GEOTRACES Atlantic Section. The primary cruise design motivation was to improve knowledge of the sources, sinks and internal cycling of Trace Elements and their Isotopes (TEIs) by studying their distributions along a section in the North Atlantic (Figure 1). The North Atlantic has the full suite of processes that affect TEIs, including strong meridional advection, boundary scavenging and source effects, aeolian deposition, and the salty Mediterranean Outflow. The North Atlantic is particularly important as it lies at the \"origin\" of the global Meridional Overturning Circulation. It is well understood that many trace metals play important roles in biogeochemical processes and the carbon cycle, yet very little is known about their large-scale distributions and the regional scale processes that affect them. Recent advances in sampling and analytical techniques, along with advances in our understanding of their roles in enzymatic and catalytic processes in the open ocean provide a natural opportunity to make substantial advances in our understanding of these important elements. Moreover, we are motivated by the prospect of global change and the need to understand the present and future workings of the ocean's biogeochemistry. The GEOTRACES strategy is to measure a broad suite of TEIs to constrain the critical biogeochemical processes that influence their distributions. In addition to these \"exotic\" substances, more traditional properties, including macronutrients (at micromolar and nanomolar levels), CTD, bio-optical parameters, and carbon system characteristics will be measured. The cruise starts at Line W, a repeat hydrographic section southeast of Cape Cod, extends to Bermuda and subsequently through the North Atlantic oligotrophic subtropical gyre, then transects into the African coast in the northern limb of the coastal upwelling region. From there, the cruise goes northward into the Mediterranean outflow. The station locations shown on the map are for the \"fulldepth TEI\" stations, and constitute approximately half of the stations to be ultimately occupied. Figure 1. The proposed 2010 Atlantic GEOTRACES cruise track plotted on dissolved oxygen at 400 m depth. Data from the World Ocean Atlas (Levitus et al., 2005) were plotted using Ocean Data View (courtesy Reiner Schlitzer). [click on the image to view a larger version] Hydrography, CTD and nutrient measurements will be supported by the Ocean Data Facility (J. Swift) at Scripps Institution of Oceanography and funded through NSF Facilities. They will be providing an additional CTD rosette system along with nephelometer and LADCP. A trace metal clean Go-Flo Rosette and winch will be provided by the group at Old Dominion University (G. Cutter) along with a towed underway pumping system. The North Atlantic Transect cruise began in 2010 with KN199 leg 4 (station sampling) and leg 5 (underway sampling only) (Figure 2). KN199-04 Cruise Report (PDF) Figure 2. The red line shows the cruise track for the first leg of the US Geotraces North Atlantic Transect on the R/V Knorr in October 2010.  The rest of the stations (beginning with 13) will be completed in October-December 2011 on the R/V Knorr (courtesy of Bill Jenkins, Chief Scientist, GNAT first leg). [click on the image to view a larger version] The section completion effort resumed again in November 2011 with KN204-01A,B (Figure 3). KN204-01A,B Cruise Report (PDF) Figure 3. Station locations occupied on the US Geotraces North Atlantic Transect on the R/V Knorr in November 2011.  [click on the image to view a larger version] Data from the North Atlantic Transect cruises are available under the Datasets heading below, and consensus values for the SAFe and North Atlantic GEOTRACES Reference Seawater Samples are available from the GEOTRACES Program Office: Standards and Reference Materials ADCP data are available from the Currents ADCP group at the University of Hawaii at the links below:KN199-04   (leg 1 of 2010 cruise; Lisbon to Cape Verde)KN199-05   (leg 2 of 2010 cruise; Cape Verde to Charleston, NC)KN204-01A (part 1 of 2011 cruise; Woods Hole, MA to Bermuda)KN204-01B (part 2 of 2011 cruise; Bermuda to Cape Verde)"; String projects_0_end_date "2013-08"; String projects_0_geolocation "Subtropical western and eastern North Atlantic Ocean"; String projects_0_name "U.S. GEOTRACES North Atlantic Transect"; String projects_0_project_nid "2066"; String projects_0_project_website "https://www.geotraces.org/"; String projects_0_start_date "2010-10"; String publisher_name "Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)"; String publisher_type "institution"; String sourceUrl "(local files)"; Float64 Southernmost_Northing 17.3497; String standard_name_vocabulary "CF Standard Name Table v55"; String subsetVariables "bottle_qflag,sal_qflag"; String summary "Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TA) data from the 2010 and 2011 GEOTRACES North Atlantic Cruises."; String time_coverage_end "2011-12-10T09:19:00.00Z"; String time_coverage_start "2010-10-24T11:42:00.00Z"; String title "[GT10-11 - DIC_TA] - Inorganic Carbon along US GEOTRACES North Atlantic Transect from R/V Knorr KN199-04, KN204-01 cruises in the subtropical N. Atlantic from 2010-2011 (U.S. GEOTRACES NAT project) (U.S. GEOTRACES North Atlantic Transect)"; String version "1"; Float64 Westernmost_Easting -40.2179; String xml_source "osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3"; } }