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Dataset Title:  Radiocarbon data from R/V Blue Heron cruise BH10-14 on Lake Superior in August
2010 (Lake Superior Radiocarbon project)
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Institution:  BCO-DMO   (Dataset ID: bcodmo_dataset_3920)
Information:  Summary ? | License ? | ISO 19115 | Metadata | Background (external link) | Subset | Files | Make a graph
 
Variable ?   Optional
Constraint #1 ?
Optional
Constraint #2 ?
   Minimum ?
   or a List of Values ?
   Maximum ?
 
 cruise_id (text) ?      
   - +  ?
 Receipt_Number (dimensionless) ?          83041    83890
 Date_Reported (unitless) ?          20101210    20110502
 station_id (text) ?          "4_BR_4m"    "NaN"
 latitude (degrees_north) ?          46.836    48.027
  < slider >
 lon (Longitude, decimal degrees) ?          -92.0054    -86.63017
 Submitter_Identification (text) ?          "4 BR 4m POC1; 4 BR..."    "MQ DOC Blank; MQ D..."
 Type (text) ?          "DIC"    "Other"
 Process (text) ?          "(DOC) Dissolved Org"    "(WS) Water Strip"
 Accession_Number (OS-xxxxx) ?          "OS-83686"    "OS-86913"
 F_Modern (Unitless) ?          0.2646    1.077
 Fm_Error (Unitless) ?          0.0019    0.0144
 Age (Radiocarbon years) ?          5    10700
 Age_Error (Radiocarbon years) ?          25    420
 d13C (per mille) ?          -30.39    1.52
 d13C_Source (text) ?          "MEASURED"    "Not Measured"
 D14C (per mille) ?          -737.31    69.25
 DIC_Conc (mmol/kg) ?          0.62    1.9
 DOC_Conc (um/kg) ?          8.55    887.24
 
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The Dataset Attribute Structure (.das) for this Dataset

Attributes {
 s {
  cruise_id {
    String bcodmo_name "cruise_id";
    String description "Cruise Id";
    String long_name "Cruise Id";
    String units "text";
  }
  Receipt_Number {
    Int32 _FillValue 2147483647;
    Int32 actual_range 83041, 83890;
    String bcodmo_name "unknown";
    Float64 colorBarMaximum 100.0;
    Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0;
    String description "Receipt Number";
    String long_name "Receipt Number";
    String units "dimensionless";
  }
  Date_Reported {
    Int32 _FillValue 2147483647;
    Int32 actual_range 20101210, 20110502;
    String bcodmo_name "date";
    String description "Date the samples were analyzed at NOSAMS in yyyymmdd format.";
    String long_name "Date Reported";
    String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ADATAA01/";
    String units "unitless";
  }
  station_id {
    String bcodmo_name "station";
    String description "Station Id";
    String long_name "Station Id";
    String units "text";
  }
  latitude {
    String _CoordinateAxisType "Lat";
    Float64 _FillValue NaN;
    Float64 actual_range 46.836, 48.027;
    String axis "Y";
    String bcodmo_name "latitude";
    Float64 colorBarMaximum 90.0;
    Float64 colorBarMinimum -90.0;
    String description "Latitude (South is negative)";
    String ioos_category "Location";
    String long_name "Latitude";
    String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LATX/";
    String standard_name "latitude";
    String units "degrees_north";
  }
  lon {
    Float32 _FillValue NaN;
    Float32 actual_range -92.0054, -86.63017;
    String bcodmo_name "longitude";
    Float64 colorBarMaximum 180.0;
    Float64 colorBarMinimum -180.0;
    String description "Longitude (West is negative)";
    String long_name "Longitude";
    String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LONX/";
    String standard_name "longitude";
    String units "decimal degrees";
  }
  Submitter_Identification {
    String bcodmo_name "unknown";
    String description 
"Submitter IdentificationComments from original sheet:
Comment 1: HMW DOM are 1kDa material
Comment 2: DOCW means";
    String long_name "Submitter Identification";
    String units "text";
  }
  Type {
    String bcodmo_name "unknown";
    String description "Type";
    String long_name "Type";
    String units "text";
  }
  Process {
    String bcodmo_name "unknown";
    String description "Process type";
    String long_name "Process";
    String units "text";
  }
  Accession_Number {
    String bcodmo_name "accession number";
    String description "Accession Number";
    String long_name "Accession Number";
    String units "OS-xxxxx";
  }
  F_Modern {
    Float32 _FillValue NaN;
    Float32 actual_range 0.2646, 1.077;
    String bcodmo_name "unknown";
    String description "fraction modern";
    String long_name "F Modern";
    String units "Unitless";
  }
  Fm_Error {
    Float32 _FillValue NaN;
    Float32 actual_range 0.0019, 0.0144;
    String bcodmo_name "unknown";
    Float64 colorBarMaximum 50.0;
    Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0;
    String description "the error in fraction modern (as determined by NOSAMS)";
    String long_name "Fm Error";
    String units "Unitless";
  }
  Age {
    Int16 _FillValue 32767;
    Int16 actual_range 5, 10700;
    String bcodmo_name "unknown";
    String description "Age";
    String long_name "Age";
    String units "Radiocarbon years";
  }
  Age_Error {
    Int16 _FillValue 32767;
    Int16 actual_range 25, 420;
    String bcodmo_name "unknown";
    Float64 colorBarMaximum 50.0;
    Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0;
    String description "Age Error";
    String long_name "Age Error";
    String units "Radiocarbon years";
  }
  d13C {
    Float32 _FillValue NaN;
    Float32 actual_range -30.39, 1.52;
    String bcodmo_name "unknown";
    String description "delta13C";
    String long_name "D13 C";
    String units "per mille";
  }
  d13C_Source {
    String bcodmo_name "unknown";
    String description "delta13C Source";
    String long_name "D13 C Source";
    String units "text";
  }
  D14C {
    Float32 _FillValue NaN;
    Float32 actual_range -737.31, 69.25;
    String bcodmo_name "unknown";
    String description "DELTA14C";
    String long_name "D14 C";
    String units "per mille";
  }
  DIC_Conc {
    Float32 _FillValue NaN;
    Float32 actual_range 0.62, 1.9;
    String bcodmo_name "unknown";
    String description "DIC Conc";
    String long_name "DIC Conc";
    String units "mmol/kg";
  }
  DOC_Conc {
    Float32 _FillValue NaN;
    Float32 actual_range 8.55, 887.24;
    String bcodmo_name "unknown";
    String description "DOC Conc";
    String long_name "DOC Conc";
    String units "um/kg";
  }
 }
  NC_GLOBAL {
    String access_formats ".htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv";
    String acquisition_description 
"Because the samples are initially processed on deck and radiocarbon is being
measured, the engines of the R/V Blue Heron are shut down during this time
allowing the vessel to drift (engines not going and thus less possibility for
contamination from the stack), until the processing of the samples has been
completed.
 
Related files and references:  
 Sampling procedures, instrumentation, discussion of blanks, etc, included in
Zigah, P.K., E.C. Minor, J.P. Werne, and S. L. McCallister, 2011. Radiocarbon
and stable carbon isotopic insights into provenance and cycling of carbon in
Lake Superior. Limnology and Oceanography 56(3), 867-886.
 
Isotopic data were processed as described in Radiocarbon Data & Calculations:
[https://www.whoi.edu/nosams/page.do?pid=40146](\\\\\"https://www.whoi.edu/nosams/page.do?pid=40146\\\\\")
 
Concentration data for DOC and DIC are from a Shimadzu TOC-Vcsh Analyzer.
 
For DIC, the analyzer was calibrated using primary standard grade sodium
carbonate and ACS reagent grade sodium bicarbonate. The inorganic carbon in
the sample was volatilized with 25% H3PO4 (by weight) in a CO2-free closed
reaction vessel, and the CO2 evolved was measured by a non-dispersive infrared
(NDIR) gas detector.
 
For DOC, the samples were acidified to pH 2 with ACS reagent grade HCl at the
time of sampling. The TOC analyzer was run in NPOC mode and calibrated with
potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP). Deep seawater from Florida Strait at 700 m
(Batch-8 2008) reference waters obtained from the DOC Consensus Reference
Program (Hansell laboratory, University of Miami, USA) and additional KHP
standards were interspersed and analyzed along with the samples to assess
instrumental performance.
 
Our mean DOC value of the external reference sample was 43.9 \\u00b1 3.9
\\u03bcM (n = 5), and agrees with the consensus value of 41-43 \\u03bcM. For
each sample and standard, three injections were performed. If the standard
deviation was not \\u2264 2.5%, two more injections were performed and the
closest three of the five injections were averaged to yield sample
concentration.
 
Particulate organic samples (on GF/F filters) were fumigated with HCl, dried,
then loaded into tin capsules and analyzed for particulate organic carbon
(POC) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) concentrations using a Costech
ECS 4010 elemental analyzer (EA) coupled to Finnigan Delta Plus XP isotope
ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS). The EA was calibrated with acetanilide
(Costech Analytical Technologies Inc., Valencia, CA, USA) and caffeine
(SigmalUltra; Wheaton Science Products, NJ, USA) reference standard materials;
C and N were quantified using the IRMS. Typical instrumental precisions for
POC and PON measurements were respectively, 0.2% and 0.4% of the measured
concentrations.";
    String awards_0_award_nid "54787";
    String awards_0_award_number "OCE-0825600";
    String awards_0_data_url "http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=0825600";
    String awards_0_funder_name "NSF Division of Ocean Sciences";
    String awards_0_funding_acronym "NSF OCE";
    String awards_0_funding_source_nid "355";
    String awards_0_program_manager "Donald L. Rice";
    String awards_0_program_manager_nid "51467";
    String cdm_data_type "Other";
    String comment 
"Version: 19 July 2013 
  PIs: Minor, Werne 
  August/2010 Radiocarbon Data";
    String Conventions "COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3";
    String creator_email "info@bco-dmo.org";
    String creator_name "BCO-DMO";
    String creator_type "institution";
    String creator_url "https://www.bco-dmo.org/";
    String data_source "extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3  19 Dec 2019";
    String date_created "2013-04-23T18:57:01Z";
    String date_modified "2019-10-31T16:11:25Z";
    String defaultDataQuery "&amp;time&lt;now";
    String doi "10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.3920.1";
    Float64 geospatial_lat_max 48.027;
    Float64 geospatial_lat_min 46.836;
    String geospatial_lat_units "degrees_north";
    String history 
"2024-03-28T13:41:36Z (local files)
2024-03-28T13:41:36Z https://erddap.bco-dmo.org/erddap/tabledap/bcodmo_dataset_3920.html";
    String infoUrl "https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/3920";
    String institution "BCO-DMO";
    String instruments_0_acronym "IR Mass Spec";
    String instruments_0_dataset_instrument_description 
"Costech ECS 4010 elemental analyzer (EA)
Finnigan Delta Plus XP isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS)
Particulate organic samples (on GF/F filters) were fumigated with   HCl, dried, then loaded into tin capsules and analyzed for particulate   organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON)   concentrations using a Costech ECS 4010 elemental analyzer (EA) coupled   to Finnigan Delta Plus XP isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS). The  EA  was calibrated with acetanilide (Costech Analytical Technologies  Inc.,  Valencia, CA, USA) and caffeine (SigmalUltra; Wheaton Science  Products,  NJ, USA) reference standard materials; C and N were  quantified using the  IRMS. Typical instrumental precisions for POC and  PON measurements were  respectively, 0.2% and 0.4% of the measured  concentrations.";
    String instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid "6149";
    String instruments_0_description "The Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer is a particular type of mass spectrometer used to measure the relative abundance of isotopes in a given sample (e.g. VG Prism II Isotope Ratio Mass-Spectrometer).";
    String instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB16/";
    String instruments_0_instrument_name "Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer";
    String instruments_0_instrument_nid "469";
    String instruments_0_supplied_name "Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer";
    String instruments_1_acronym "Shimadzu TOC-V";
    String instruments_1_dataset_instrument_description "Concentration data for DOC and DIC are from a Shimadzu TOC-Vcsh Analyzer.";
    String instruments_1_dataset_instrument_nid "6151";
    String instruments_1_description "A Shimadzu TOC-V Analyzer measures DOC by high temperature combustion method.";
    String instruments_1_instrument_external_identifier "http://onto.nerc.ac.uk/CAST/124";
    String instruments_1_instrument_name "Shimadzu TOC-V Analyzer";
    String instruments_1_instrument_nid "603";
    String instruments_1_supplied_name "Shimadzu TOC-V Analyzer";
    String instruments_2_acronym "CHN_EA";
    String instruments_2_dataset_instrument_description 
"Costech ECS 4010 elemental analyzer (EA)
Finnigan Delta Plus XP isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS)
Particulate organic samples (on GF/F filters) were fumigated with   HCl, dried, then loaded into tin capsules and analyzed for particulate   organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON)   concentrations using a Costech ECS 4010 elemental analyzer (EA) coupled   to Finnigan Delta Plus XP isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS). The  EA  was calibrated with acetanilide (Costech Analytical Technologies  Inc.,  Valencia, CA, USA) and caffeine (SigmalUltra; Wheaton Science  Products,  NJ, USA) reference standard materials; C and N were  quantified using the  IRMS. Typical instrumental precisions for POC and  PON measurements were  respectively, 0.2% and 0.4% of the measured  concentrations.";
    String instruments_2_dataset_instrument_nid "6150";
    String instruments_2_description "A CHN Elemental Analyzer is used for the determination of carbon, hydrogen, and  nitrogen content in organic and other types of materials, including  solids, liquids, volatile, and viscous samples.";
    String instruments_2_instrument_name "CHN Elemental Analyzer";
    String instruments_2_instrument_nid "625";
    String instruments_2_supplied_name "CHN Elemental Analyzer";
    String keywords "accession, Accession_Number, age, Age_Error, bco, bco-dmo, biological, chemical, commerce, conc, cruise, cruise_id, d13, d13C, d13C_Source, d14, D14C, data, dataset, date, Date_Reported, department, dic, DIC_Conc, dmo, doc, DOC_Conc, erddap, error, F_Modern, Fm_Error, identification, latitude, longitude, management, modern, number, oceanography, office, preliminary, process, receipt, Receipt_Number, reported, source, station, station_id, submitter, Submitter_Identification, type";
    String license "https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/3920/license";
    String metadata_source "https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/3920";
    Float64 Northernmost_Northing 48.027;
    String param_mapping "{'3920': {'lat': 'flag - latitude'}}";
    String parameter_source "https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/3920/parameters";
    String people_0_affiliation "University of Minnesota Duluth";
    String people_0_affiliation_acronym "LLO-UMD";
    String people_0_person_name "Elizabeth C. Minor";
    String people_0_person_nid "51349";
    String people_0_role "Principal Investigator";
    String people_0_role_type "originator";
    String people_1_affiliation "University of Minnesota Duluth";
    String people_1_affiliation_acronym "LLO-UMD";
    String people_1_person_name "Josef P. Werne";
    String people_1_person_nid "51350";
    String people_1_role "Co-Principal Investigator";
    String people_1_role_type "originator";
    String people_2_affiliation "University of Minnesota Duluth";
    String people_2_affiliation_acronym "LLO-UMD";
    String people_2_person_name "Elizabeth C. Minor";
    String people_2_person_nid "51349";
    String people_2_role "Contact";
    String people_2_role_type "related";
    String people_3_affiliation "Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution";
    String people_3_affiliation_acronym "WHOI BCO-DMO";
    String people_3_person_name "Stephen R. Gegg";
    String people_3_person_nid "50910";
    String people_3_role "BCO-DMO Data Manager";
    String people_3_role_type "related";
    String project "Lake Superior Radiocarbon";
    String projects_0_acronym "Lake Superior Radiocarbon";
    String projects_0_description 
"Organic carbon present in aquatic ecosystems has the potential to either be sequestered by sedimentary organic matter or recycled and contributed to the atmosphere through microbial respiration. Ultimately, the fate of organic matter is dependant upon its source, as well as the physical transport mechanisms and biogeochemical transformations it is exposed to in the water column. Because these processes vary significantly within aquatic systems, such as the ocean, it is difficult to assess the biogeochemical importance of organic carbon; however, it is a problem of critical importance whose results could be utilized to resolve key issues in global biogeochemical carbon cycles and to determine the net heterotrophy of most aquatic environments.
Scientists from the University of Minnesota-Duluth and Virginia Commonwealth University would address this problem by studying organic carbon dynamics in Lake Superior because its biogeochemistry is similar to that of the world ocean. Using Lake Superior as a natural laboratory, the researchers plan to carry out radiocarbon measurements of particulate organic carbon (POC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), and bacterially-respired CO2, as well as obtain the chemical composition of DOC and POC during stratified and non-stratified periods. Results would be used to identify the sources of carbon in the lake and determined transformations of carbon between POC, DOC, DIC, and bacterially-respired CO2.
Educational impacts include workshops and presentation for K-12 audiences as well as research and training opportunities for graduate and undergraduate students in Water Resources Science and Biochemistry classes.
Cruise pictures and info (for a general audience)";
    String projects_0_end_date "2011-08";
    String projects_0_geolocation "Lake Superior";
    String projects_0_name "How important is quote old unquote Carbon in Lake Superior.  A Radiocarbon Investigation";
    String projects_0_project_nid "2156";
    String projects_0_start_date "2008-09";
    String publisher_name "Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)";
    String publisher_type "institution";
    String sourceUrl "(local files)";
    Float64 Southernmost_Northing 46.836;
    String standard_name_vocabulary "CF Standard Name Table v55";
    String subsetVariables "cruise_id";
    String summary "Radiocarbon data from R/V Blue Heron cruise BH10-14 on Lake Superior in August 2010.";
    String title "Radiocarbon data from R/V Blue Heron cruise BH10-14 on Lake Superior in August 2010 (Lake Superior Radiocarbon project)";
    String version "1";
    String xml_source "osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3";
  }
}

 

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