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| Dataset Title: | [Discrete Samples] - DIC, TA, pH from R/V Pelican cruise conducted in the northern Gulf of Mexico in April and July 2017 (Collaborative Research: pH Dynamics and Interactive Effects of Multiple Processes in a River-Dominated Eutrophic Coastal Ocean) 
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| Institution: | BCO-DMO (Dataset ID: bcodmo_dataset_772513) |
| Information: | Summary
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| ISO 19115
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Attributes {
s {
Cruise {
String bcodmo_name "Cruise Name";
String description "Cruise name";
String long_name "Cruise";
String units "unitless";
}
Date {
String bcodmo_name "date";
String description "Date in format YYYY-MM-DD";
String long_name "Date";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ADATAA01/";
String units "unitless";
}
time2 {
String bcodmo_name "time";
String description "Time in format HH:MM:SS";
String long_name "Time";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/AHMSAA01/";
String units "unitless";
}
Station {
String bcodmo_name "station";
String description "Station name";
String long_name "Station";
String units "unitless";
}
longitude {
String _CoordinateAxisType "Lon";
Float64 _FillValue NaN;
Float64 actual_range -93.4167, -88.5901;
String axis "X";
String bcodmo_name "longitude";
Float64 colorBarMaximum 180.0;
Float64 colorBarMinimum -180.0;
String description "Longitude, west is negative";
String ioos_category "Location";
String long_name "Longitude";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LONX/";
String standard_name "longitude";
String units "degrees_east";
}
latitude {
String _CoordinateAxisType "Lat";
Float64 _FillValue NaN;
Float64 actual_range 27.4999, 29.6415;
String axis "Y";
String bcodmo_name "latitude";
Float64 colorBarMaximum 90.0;
Float64 colorBarMinimum -90.0;
String description "Latitude, south is negative";
String ioos_category "Location";
String long_name "Latitude";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LATX/";
String standard_name "latitude";
String units "degrees_north";
}
depth {
String _CoordinateAxisType "Height";
String _CoordinateZisPositive "down";
Float64 _FillValue NaN;
Float64 actual_range 5.0, 1265.0;
String axis "Z";
String bcodmo_name "depth";
String description "Bottom depth";
String ioos_category "Location";
String long_name "Bottom Depth";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/DEPH/";
String positive "down";
String standard_name "depth";
String units "m";
}
Sample_Depth {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range 1.709, 1240.809;
String bcodmo_name "depth";
String description "Sampling depth";
String long_name "Sample Depth";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/DEPH/";
String units "meter (m)";
}
Temperature {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range 4.4234, 32.2485;
String bcodmo_name "temperature";
String description "Temperature in sampling depth";
String long_name "Temperature";
String units "degrees Celsius (°C)";
}
Salinity {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range 0.1906, 36.565;
String bcodmo_name "sal";
Float64 colorBarMaximum 37.0;
Float64 colorBarMinimum 32.0;
String description "Salinity in sampling depth";
String long_name "Sea Water Practical Salinity";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/PSALST01/";
String units "PSU";
}
OxygenSBE1 {
Float64 _FillValue NaN;
Float64 actual_range 1.3997187452, 331.0;
String bcodmo_name "dissolved Oxygen";
String description "CTD Dissolved oxygen concentration";
String long_name "Oxygen SBE1";
String units "micromole per kilogram (umol/kg)";
}
OxygenSBE2 {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range 0.0458, 10.8;
String bcodmo_name "dissolved Oxygen";
String description "CTD Dissolved oxygen concentration";
String long_name "Oxygen SBE2";
String units "milligram per liter (mg/L)";
}
FluorescenceChl {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range -0.0185, 19.4;
String bcodmo_name "fluorescence";
String description "CTD Fluorescence Chl";
String long_name "Fluorescence Chl";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/CPHLPM01/";
String units "microgram per liter (ug/L)";
}
wetCDOM {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range -0.4948, 34.4576;
String bcodmo_name "CDOM";
String description "CTD wetCDOM";
String long_name "Wet CDOM";
String units "milligram per cubic meters (mg/m^3)";
}
SPAR {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range 0.0, 3102.6;
String bcodmo_name "SPAR";
String description "CTD Surficial Photosynthetically Available";
String long_name "SPAR";
String units "microEinsteins per square meter per second (uEinsteins/m^2/second)";
}
PAR {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range 0.0, 2541.6;
String bcodmo_name "PAR";
Float64 colorBarMaximum 70.0;
Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0;
String description "CTD Photosynthetically Available [Active] Radiation";
String long_name "Downwelling Photosynthetic Photon Radiance In Sea Water";
String units "microEinsteins per square meter per second (uEinsteins/m^2/second)";
}
Turbidity {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range 0.0, 410.979;
String bcodmo_name "turbidity";
String description "CTD Turbidity";
String long_name "Turbidity";
String units "FTU";
}
Attenuation {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range -0.5, 55.262;
String bcodmo_name "beam_cp";
String description "CTD Attenuation";
String long_name "Attenuation";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ATTNZZ01/";
String units "1 per meter (1/m)";
}
Transmission {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range -0.0784, 112.3;
String bcodmo_name "transmission";
String description "CTD Transmission";
String long_name "Transmission";
String units "%";
}
TA {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range 1977.0, 2465.0;
String bcodmo_name "TALK";
String description "Total Alkalinity";
String long_name "TA";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/MDMAP014/";
String units "micromole per kilogram (umol/kg)";
}
flag_TA {
Byte _FillValue 127;
String _Unsigned "false";
Byte actual_range 1, 3;
String bcodmo_name "flag";
Float64 colorBarMaximum 150.0;
Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0;
String description "Total Alkalinity final flag - flag_2 means precision 0.1%";
String long_name "Flag TA";
String units "unitless";
}
DIC {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range 1675.0, 2475.0;
String bcodmo_name "DIC";
String description "Total dissolved inorganic carbon";
String long_name "DIC";
String units "micromole per kilogram (umol/kg)";
}
flag_DIC {
Byte _FillValue 127;
String _Unsigned "false";
Byte actual_range 1, 3;
String bcodmo_name "flag";
Float64 colorBarMaximum 150.0;
Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0;
String description "Total dissolved inorganic carbon final flag - flag_2 means precision 0.1%";
String long_name "Flag DIC";
String units "unitless";
}
pH_Electrode {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range 7.75, 8.87;
String bcodmo_name "pH";
String description "pH measured by electrode (NBS scale)";
String long_name "P H Electrode";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/PHXXZZXX/";
String units "unitless";
}
flag_pHelec {
Byte _FillValue 127;
String _Unsigned "false";
Byte actual_range 1, 3;
String bcodmo_name "flag";
Float64 colorBarMaximum 150.0;
Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0;
String description "pH measured by electrode final flag - flag_2 means precision +-0.02";
String long_name "Flag P Helec";
String units "unitless";
}
pH_Spec {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range 7.27, 8.631;
String bcodmo_name "pH";
String description "Total scale pH measured by spectrometer";
String long_name "P H Spec";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/PHXXZZXX/";
String units "unitless";
}
flag_pHspec {
Byte _FillValue 127;
String _Unsigned "false";
Byte actual_range 1, 2;
String bcodmo_name "flag";
Float64 colorBarMaximum 150.0;
Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0;
String description "pH measure by spectrometer final flag - flag_2 means precision +-0.005";
String long_name "Flag P Hspec";
String units "unitless";
}
DO_Spec {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range 0.0, 330.54;
String bcodmo_name "dissolved Oxygen";
String description "Dissolved oxygen measured by spectrometer at 25 degrees celcius";
String long_name "DO Spec";
String units "umol/L";
}
flag_DOspec {
Byte _FillValue 127;
String _Unsigned "false";
Byte actual_range 2, 3;
String bcodmo_name "flag";
Float64 colorBarMaximum 150.0;
Float64 colorBarMinimum 0.0;
String description "Dissolved oxygen final flag - flag_2 means precision 0.7umol L-1";
String long_name "Flag DOspec";
String units "unitless";
}
time {
String _CoordinateAxisType "Time";
Float64 actual_range 1.491481475e+9, 1.50065352e+9;
String axis "T";
String bcodmo_name "ISO_DateTime_UTC";
String description "Date/Time UTC in ISO format (YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SSZ)";
String ioos_category "Time";
String long_name "ISO Date Time UTC";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/DTUT8601/";
String source_name "ISO_DateTime_UTC";
String standard_name "time";
String time_origin "01-JAN-1970 00:00:00";
String time_precision "1970-01-01T00:00:00Z";
String units "seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z";
}
}
NC_GLOBAL {
String access_formats ".htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson,.odvTxt";
String acquisition_description
"DIC and TA
Measure of DIC using NDIR method and of TA using Gran titration. DIC and TA
were measured using the instruments from Apollo Scitech Inc. Briefly, for DIC
analysis, samples were analyzed at room temperatures. Each seawater sample
(0.5 mL) was acidified using phosphoric acid and the evolved CO2 gas was
extracted and carried by pure N2 gas to an infrared CO2 detector (Li-Cor 6262)
for quantification. TS was determined on 25 mL seawater sample by
potentiometric titration, using 0.1 M hydrochloric acid and an open-cell
titration system. All TA samples were analyzed in pre-thermostated (25
\\u00b0C) glass cells. For each DIC or TA sample, sub-samples were sequentially
analyzed 2 or 3 times until we obtained two replicates with a precision within
0.1%. The average of the two values is reported. The precision of both the TA
and DIC measurements was +/- 2 umol/kg. The accuracies of the TA and DIC
measurements were determined by routine analysis of certified reference
material (CRM) provided by A. G. Dickson, Scripps Institution of Oceanography.
DO_spec
Winkler titration was used for DO analysis. Samples were drawn from Niskin
bottles directly into 60 ml BOD bottles and pickled using manganese chloride
and sodium iodide/sodium hydroxide. Iodine liberated by acidifying pickled
sample was then measured spectrophotometrically using Genesis 30 (Thomas
Scientific) spectrophotometer at 466 nm. Blank absorbance from sample
turbidity was obtained by adding a few drops of sodium thiosulfate to the
sample solution and subtracted from sample absorbance. Calibration was
performed by spiking known amounts of potassium iodate. Error on DO was from
the uncertainty of measuring absorbance (0.001), which is equivalent of 0.7
uM. Samples which had blank absorbance exceeding 5% of sample absorbance were
flagged.
pH_elec
pH samples were drawn in 60 ml glass bottles and temperature equilibrated at
25 oC. An Orion Combination electrode connected to a pH meter (Orion Star
A211) was used to measure the potential (EMF, mV) generated by the H+ ions.
EMF was calibrated using three NBS buffer solutions at pH 4.01, 7.0, and 10.01
purchased from Fisher Scientific. Probe was kept immersed in the sample until
the EMF stabilized. Two EMF readings at a difference of 1 minute were obtained
for each sample and average value used with calibration to calculate the pH.
Precision on pH is estimated from the standard deviation of the mean of two
EMF readings. Samples where such deviation exceeded 0.16% of the mean EMF are
flagged.
pH_spec
Discrete sample pH_spec was measured spectrophotometrically at 25 degrees
Celsius on the total pH scale using purified M-Cresol Purple purchased from R.
Byrne at the University of South Florida [Clayton and Byrne, 1993; Liu et al.,
2011]. The spectrophotometric pH (25 oC, total scale) was calculated from the
ratio of the measured absorbances of mCP at wavelengths l2 = 578 nm and l1 =
434 nm following the dissociation constants proposed by Liu et al 2011].
Sampling and analytical procedures:
Measure of DIC using NDIR method and of TA using Gran titration. DIC and TA
were measured using the instruments from Apollo Scitech Inc. Briefly, for DIC
analysis, samples were analyzed at room temperatures. Each seawater sample
(0.5 mL) was acidified using phosphoric acid and the evolved CO2 gas was
extracted and carried by pure N2 gas to an infrared CO2 detector (Li-Cor 6262)
for quantification. TS was determined on 25 mL seawater sample by
potentiometric titration, using 0.1 M hydrochloric acid and an open-cell
titration system. All TA samples were analyzed in pre-thermostated (25
\\u00b0C) glass cells. For each DIC or TA sample, sub-samples were sequentially
analyzed 2 or 3 times until we obtained two replicates with a precision within
0.1%. The average of the two values is reported. The precision of both the TA
and DIC measurements was +/- 2 umol/kg. The accuracies of the TA and DIC
measurements were determined by routine analysis of certified reference
material (CRM) provided by A. G. Dickson, Scripps Institution of Oceanography.
Winkler titration was used for DO analysis. Samples were drawn from Niskin
bottles directly into 60 ml BOD bottles and pickled using manganese chloride
and sodium iodide/sodium hydroxide. Iodine liberated by acidifying pickled
sample was then measured spectrophotometrically using Genesis 30 (Thomas
Scientific) spectrophotometer at 466 nm. Blank absorbance from sample
turbidity was obtained by adding a few drops of sodium thiosulfate to the
sample solution and subtracted from sample absorbance. Calibration was
performed by spiking known amounts of potassium iodate. Error on DO was from
the uncertainty of measuring absorbance (0.001), which is equivalent of 0.7
uM. Samples which had blank absorbance exceeding 5% of sample absorbance were
flagged.
pH samples were drawn in 60 ml glass bottles and temperature equilibrated at
25 oC. An Orion Combination electrode connected to a pH meter (Orion Star
A211) was used to measure the potential (EMF, mV) generated by the H+ ions.
EMF was calibrated using three NBS buffer solutions at pH 4.01, 7.0, and 10.01
purchased from Fisher Scientific. Probe was kept immersed in the sample until
the EMF stabilized. Two EMF readings at a difference of 1 minute were obtained
for each sample and average value used with calibration to calculate the pH.
Precision on pH is estimated from the standard deviation of the mean of two
EMF readings. Samples where such deviation exceeded 0.16% of the mean EMF are
flagged. Discrete sample pH_spec was measured spectrophotometrically at 25
degrees Celsius on the total pH scale using purified M-Cresol Purple purchased
from R. Byrne at the University of South Florida (Clayton and Byrne, 1993; Liu
et al., 2011).
Instruments:
1. 24-bottle rosette equipped with a SeaBird CTD 911.
2. DIC and TA were measured using the instruments from Apollo Scitech Inc.
3. Certified reference material (CRM) provided by A. G. Dickson, Scripps Institution of Oceanography was used to check the accuracies of the TA and DIC measurements.
4. Winkler titration was used for DO_spec analysis. DO_spec samples were measured spectrophotometrically using Genesis 30 (Thomas Scientific) spectrophotometer at 466 nm.
5. M-Cresol Purple purchased from R. Byrne at the University of South Florida was used for pH_spec measurement.
\\u00a0";
String awards_0_award_nid "751331";
String awards_0_award_number "OCE-1559279";
String awards_0_data_url "http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1559279";
String awards_0_funder_name "NSF Division of Ocean Sciences";
String awards_0_funding_acronym "NSF OCE";
String awards_0_funding_source_nid "355";
String awards_0_program_manager "Henrietta N Edmonds";
String awards_0_program_manager_nid "51517";
String cdm_data_type "Other";
String comment
"Discrete samples concat
PI: Wei-Jun Cai
Data Version 2: 2019-12-20";
String Conventions "COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3";
String creator_email "info@bco-dmo.org";
String creator_name "BCO-DMO";
String creator_type "institution";
String creator_url "https://www.bco-dmo.org/";
String data_source "extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019";
String date_created "2019-07-03T14:36:44Z";
String date_modified "2020-02-05T18:16:41Z";
String defaultDataQuery "&time<now";
String doi "10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.772513.2";
Float64 Easternmost_Easting -88.5901;
Float64 geospatial_lat_max 29.6415;
Float64 geospatial_lat_min 27.4999;
String geospatial_lat_units "degrees_north";
Float64 geospatial_lon_max -88.5901;
Float64 geospatial_lon_min -93.4167;
String geospatial_lon_units "degrees_east";
Float64 geospatial_vertical_max 1265.0;
Float64 geospatial_vertical_min 5.0;
String geospatial_vertical_positive "down";
String geospatial_vertical_units "m";
String history
"2024-12-31T00:17:43Z (local files)
2024-12-31T00:17:43Z https://erddap.bco-dmo.org/erddap/tabledap/bcodmo_dataset_772513.html";
String infoUrl "https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/772513";
String institution "BCO-DMO";
String instruments_0_acronym "Niskin bottle";
String instruments_0_dataset_instrument_description "24-bottle rosette";
String instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid "772711";
String instruments_0_description "A Niskin bottle (a next generation water sampler based on the Nansen bottle) is a cylindrical, non-metallic water collection device with stoppers at both ends. The bottles can be attached individually on a hydrowire or deployed in 12, 24 or 36 bottle Rosette systems mounted on a frame and combined with a CTD. Niskin bottles are used to collect discrete water samples for a range of measurements including pigments, nutrients, plankton, etc.";
String instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0412/";
String instruments_0_instrument_name "Niskin bottle";
String instruments_0_instrument_nid "413";
String instruments_1_acronym "CTD SBE 911";
String instruments_1_dataset_instrument_description "24-bottle rosette equipped with a SeaBird CTD 911";
String instruments_1_dataset_instrument_nid "772708";
String instruments_1_description "The Sea-Bird SBE 911 is a type of CTD instrument package. The SBE 911 includes the SBE 9 Underwater Unit and the SBE 11 Deck Unit (for real-time readout using conductive wire) for deployment from a vessel. The combination of the SBE 9 and SBE 11 is called a SBE 911. The SBE 9 uses Sea-Bird's standard modular temperature and conductivity sensors (SBE 3 and SBE 4). The SBE 9 CTD can be configured with auxiliary sensors to measure other parameters including dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity, fluorescence, light (PAR), light transmission, etc.). More information from Sea-Bird Electronics.";
String instruments_1_instrument_external_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0035/";
String instruments_1_instrument_name "CTD Sea-Bird 911";
String instruments_1_instrument_nid "422";
String instruments_2_acronym "Winkler Titrator";
String instruments_2_dataset_instrument_description "Used for DO_spec analysis";
String instruments_2_dataset_instrument_nid "772709";
String instruments_2_description "A Winkler Oxygen Titration system is used for determining concentration of dissolved oxygen in seawater.";
String instruments_2_instrument_external_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB12/";
String instruments_2_instrument_name "Winkler Oxygen Titrator";
String instruments_2_instrument_nid "588";
String instruments_3_acronym "Spectrophotometer";
String instruments_3_dataset_instrument_description "Genesis 30 (Thomas Scientific) spectrophotometer at 466 nm";
String instruments_3_dataset_instrument_nid "772710";
String instruments_3_description "An instrument used to measure the relative absorption of electromagnetic radiation of different wavelengths in the near infra-red, visible and ultraviolet wavebands by samples.";
String instruments_3_instrument_external_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB20/";
String instruments_3_instrument_name "Spectrophotometer";
String instruments_3_instrument_nid "707";
String keywords "active, attenuation, available, bco, bco-dmo, biological, bottom, Bottom_Depth, cdom, chemical, chl, chlorophyll, colored, cruise, data, dataset, date, density, depth, dic, dissolved, dmo, DO_Spec, dospec, downwelling, downwelling_photosynthetic_photon_radiance_in_sea_water, earth, Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Optics > Photosynthetically Active Radiation, Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Optics > Radiance, Earth Science > Oceans > Salinity/Density > Salinity, electrode, erddap, flag, flag_DIC, flag_DOspec, flag_pHelec, flag_pHspec, flag_TA, fluorescence, FluorescenceChl, helec, hspec, iso, latitude, longitude, management, matter, O2, ocean, oceanography, oceans, office, optics, organic, oxygen, OxygenSBE1, OxygenSBE2, PAR, pH_Electrode, pH_Spec, photon, photosynthetic, photosynthetically, practical, preliminary, radiance, radiation, salinity, sample, Sample_Depth, sbe1, sbe2, science, sea, sea_water_practical_salinity, seawater, spar, spec, station, temperature, time, time2, transmission, turbidity, water, wet, wetCDOM";
String keywords_vocabulary "GCMD Science Keywords";
String license "https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/772513/license";
String metadata_source "https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/772513";
Float64 Northernmost_Northing 29.6415;
String param_mapping "{'772513': {'Latitude': 'flag - latitude', 'Longitude': 'flag - longitude', 'ISO_DateTime_UTC': 'flag - time', 'Bottom_Depth': 'flag - depth'}}";
String parameter_source "https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/772513/parameters";
String people_0_affiliation "University of Delaware";
String people_0_person_name "Wei-Jun Cai";
String people_0_person_nid "528011";
String people_0_role "Principal Investigator";
String people_0_role_type "originator";
String people_1_affiliation "Dalhousie University";
String people_1_person_name "Katja Fennel";
String people_1_person_nid "50705";
String people_1_role "Co-Principal Investigator";
String people_1_role_type "originator";
String people_2_affiliation "Louisiana State University";
String people_2_affiliation_acronym "LSU";
String people_2_person_name "Nancy Rabalais";
String people_2_person_nid "751342";
String people_2_role "Co-Principal Investigator";
String people_2_role_type "originator";
String people_3_affiliation "University of Delaware";
String people_3_person_name "Wei-Jun Cai";
String people_3_person_nid "528011";
String people_3_role "Contact";
String people_3_role_type "related";
String people_4_affiliation "Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution";
String people_4_affiliation_acronym "WHOI BCO-DMO";
String people_4_person_name "Karen Soenen";
String people_4_person_nid "748773";
String people_4_role "BCO-DMO Data Manager";
String people_4_role_type "related";
String project "nGOMx acidification";
String projects_0_acronym "nGOMx acidification";
String projects_0_description
"NSF Award Abstract:
Ocean acidification (OA) refers to the lowering of ocean pH (or increasing acidity) due to uptake of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). A great deal of research has been done to understand how the open ocean is influenced by OA, but coastal systems have received little attention. In the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM) shelf region, pH in bottom waters can measure up to 0.45 units less than the pH of the pre-industrial surface ocean, in comparison to the 0.1 overall pH decrease across the entire ocean. Carbonate chemistry in the ocean is greatly influenced by even small changes in pH, so these seemingly minor changes lead to much greater impacts on the biology and chemistry of the ocean. The researchers plan to study coastal OA in the nGOM, a region subject to high inputs of nutrients from the Mississippi River. These inputs of anthropogenic nitrogen mostly derived from fertilizers leads to increased respiration rates which decreases oxygen concentrations in the water column to the point of hypoxia in the summer. This study will inform us how OA in coastal waters subject to eutrophication and hypoxia will impact the chemistry and biology of the region. The researchers are dedicated to outreach programs in the Gulf and east coast regions, interacting with K-12 students and teachers, undergraduate/graduate student training, and various outreach efforts (family workshops on OA, lectures for the public and federal, state, and local representatives). Also, a project website will be created to disseminate the research results to a wider audience.
Increased uptakes of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) by the ocean has led to a 0.1 unit decrease in seawater pH and carbonate mineral saturation state, a process known as Ocean Acidification (OA), which threatens the heath of marine organisms, alters marine ecosystems, and biogeochemical processes. Considerable attention has been focused on understanding the impact of OA on the open ocean but less attention has been given to coastal regions. Recent studies indicate that pH in bottom waters of the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM) shelf can be as much as 0.45 units lower relative to pre-industrial values. This occurs because the acidification resulting from increased CO2 inputs (both atmospheric inputs and in-situ respiration) decreases the buffering capacity of seawater. This interactive effect will increase with time, decreasing summertime nGOM bottom-water pH by an estimated 0.85 units and driving carbonate minerals to undersaturation by the end of this century. Researchers from the University of Delaware and the Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium will carry out a combined field, laboratory, and modeling program to address the following questions. (1) What are the physical, chemical, and biological controls on acidification in coastal waters impacted by the large, nutrient-laden Mississippi River?; (2) What is the link between coastal-water acidification, eutrophication, and hypoxia; (3) How do low pH and high CO2 concentrations in bottom waters affect CO2 out-gassing during fall and winter and storm periods when the water column is mixed?; and (4) What are the influences of changing river inputs under anthropogenic forcing on coastal water acidification? Results from this research aim to further our understanding of the processes influencing ocean acidification in coastal waters subject to eutrophication and hypoxia both in the GOM and river-dominated shelf ecosystems globally.";
String projects_0_end_date "2019-04";
String projects_0_geolocation "northern Gulf of Mexico, 27.5 N, 30 N, 88 W, 94 W";
String projects_0_name "Collaborative Research: pH Dynamics and Interactive Effects of Multiple Processes in a River-Dominated Eutrophic Coastal Ocean";
String projects_0_project_nid "751332";
String projects_0_start_date "2016-05";
String publisher_name "Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)";
String publisher_type "institution";
String sourceUrl "(local files)";
Float64 Southernmost_Northing 27.4999;
String standard_name_vocabulary "CF Standard Name Table v55";
String summary "Dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity and pH from R/V Pelican cruises conducted in the northern Gulf of Mexico (27.5 N, 30 N, 88 W, 94 W ) from April 5 to 16 and July 7 to 21 in 2017";
String time_coverage_end "2017-07-21T16:12:00Z";
String time_coverage_start "2017-04-06T12:24:35Z";
String title "[Discrete Samples] - DIC, TA, pH from R/V Pelican cruise conducted in the northern Gulf of Mexico in April and July 2017 (Collaborative Research: pH Dynamics and Interactive Effects of Multiple Processes in a River-Dominated Eutrophic Coastal Ocean)";
String version "2";
Float64 Westernmost_Easting -93.4167;
String xml_source "osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3";
}
}
Data Access Protocol (DAP) and its
selection constraints.
The URL specifies what you want: the dataset, a description of the graph or the subset of the data, and the file type for the response.
Tabledap request URLs must be in the form
https://coastwatch.pfeg.noaa.gov/erddap/tabledap/datasetID.fileType{?query}
For example,
https://coastwatch.pfeg.noaa.gov/erddap/tabledap/pmelTaoDySst.htmlTable?longitude,latitude,time,station,wmo_platform_code,T_25&time>=2015-05-23T12:00:00Z&time<=2015-05-31T12:00:00Z
Thus, the query is often a comma-separated list of desired variable names,
followed by a collection of
constraints (e.g., variable<value),
each preceded by '&' (which is interpreted as "AND").
For details, see the tabledap Documentation.