ERDDAP > info > bcodmo_dataset_644062

Grid DAP Data	Sub- set	Table DAP Data	Make A Graph	W M S	Source Data Files	Acces- sible	Title	Sum- mary	ISO, Metadata	Back- ground Info	RSS	E mail	Institution	Dataset ID
	set	data	graph		files	public	Growth and survival of mature Sargassum polycystum fronds in crowded and isolated habitats		I   M	background			BCO-DMO	bcodmo_dataset_644062

The Dataset's Variables and Attributes

Row Type	Variable Name	Attribute Name	Data Type	Value
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	access_formats	String	.htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	acquisition_description	String	[Reference cited below are from Dell et al (2016) Plos One.] Study site and species: This study was conducted between January and May in 2013 and 2015 on the coral coast of Fiji\u2019s main island, Viti Levu, in the villages of Votua and Vatu-o-lailai (18\u00b012\u201932S, 177\u00b042\u201900E and 18\u00b012\u201913S, 177\u00b041\u201929E respectively; Fig 1). These villages are ~3km apart and each has jurisdiction over their stretch of reef flat; a habitat ranging between ~1.5 and 3m deep at high tide and between ~0 and 1.5m deep at low tide. In 2002, these villages established small areas (0.8km2 in Votua and 0.5 km2 in Vatu-o-lailai; Fig 1) as no-take MPAs [25]. Though MPA and non-MPA areas were initially similar in coral and macroalgal cover (33-42% macroalgal cover; 3-12% coral cover [25]), MPAs now differ significantly from the adjacent non-MPAs in benthic cover and fish diversity and abundance. MPAs now have ~56% live coral cover on hard substrate, ~2% macroalgal cover, ~8 fold higher biomass of herbivorous fishes, and higher recruitment of both fishes and corals than the non-MPAs [5,22]. Meanwhile the non-MPAs have lower fish biomass, 5-16% live coral cover on hard substrates and 51-92% macroalgal cover, the majority of which is comprised by Phaeophytes (primarily Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh [22]). In the MPAs, macroalgal cover is restricted to the shallowest, most shoreward areas (where access by herbivorous fishes appears limited), whereas macroalgal cover in the non-MPAs extends throughout the habitat. Thus, over distances of only a few hundred metres, there are dramatic differences in community composition that may impact the efficacy of factors controlling macroalgal populations, without the confounding factors of great differences in space or time. Effect of conspecifics on survival and growth of mature fronds To assess whether conspecific density might facilitate the survival and growth of mature fronds, we transplanted mature fronds into the centre of Sargassum beds and into nearby exposed habitats where they were isolated from others. Growth and duration of survival were measured over a two week period. Due to logistical constraints, this experiment was only conducted in Votua\u2019s non-MPA where Sargassum beds were extensive and thus many separate patches were available for use. Eight 10cm fronds of S. polycystum were removed from the centre of one holdfast, assuring genetic uniformity. Four were threaded through a three- strand rope (secured 5cm apart and 10cm from each end of the rope), and returned to the centre of the Sargassum bed (crowded condition) ~75m from shore at a depth of ~1m at low tide. The other four were threaded through a separate rope and tied in an area devoid of Sargassum two to four metres away (isolated condition). The ends of the rope were tied to the substrate to hold the rope in place. Twenty such rope pairs were set up with a total of 80 S. polycystum pieces in each of the crowded and isolated treatments. After two weeks the ropes were collected, the number of remaining fronds was counted and their length was measured. The initial length was subtracted from the final so that fronds that had been grazed in excess of growth were recorded as negative change.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_nid	String	480718
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_number	String	OCE-0929119
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_data_url	String	http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0929119
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funder_name	String	NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_acronym	String	NSF OCE
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_source_nid	String	355
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_program_manager	String	David L. Garrison
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_program_manager_nid	String	50534
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	cdm_data_type	String	Other
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	comment	String	mature growth conspecific Growth of all plants and only the surviving plants of mature Sargassum polycystum fronds transplanted into or outside Sargassum beds, crowded and isolated conditions, respectively. These data were published in Dell et al (2016) PLOS ONE, Fig. 4b version: 2016-05-02 M. Hay (GA Tech)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Conventions	String	COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_email	String	info at bco-dmo.org
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_name	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_url	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	data_source	String	extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_created	String	2016-05-02T15:56:04Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_modified	String	2016-05-03T17:25:41Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	defaultDataQuery	String	&time<now
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	doi	String	10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.644665
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Easternmost_Easting	double	177.7
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_max	double	-18.208
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_min	double	-18.208
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_units	String	degrees_north
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_max	double	177.7
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_min	double	177.7
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_units	String	degrees_east
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	infoUrl	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/644062
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	institution	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_acronym	String	Scale
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid	String	644069
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_description	String	An instrument used to measure weight or mass.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB13/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_instrument_name	String	Scale
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_instrument_nid	String	714
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	keywords	String	all, all_crowded, all_difference, all_isolated, bco, bco-dmo, biological, chemical, crowded, data, dataset, difference, dmo, erddap, isolated, latitude, longitude, management, oceanography, office, preliminary, survivors, survivors_crowded, survivors_difference, survivors_isolated
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	license	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/644062/license
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	metadata_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/644062
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Northernmost_Northing	double	-18.208
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	param_mapping	String	{'644062': {'lat': 'master - latitude', 'lon': 'master - longitude'}}
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	parameter_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/644062/parameters
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_affiliation	String	Georgia Institute of Technology
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_affiliation_acronym	String	Georgia Tech
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_name	String	Mark Hay
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_nid	String	480720
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role	String	Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_affiliation	String	Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_affiliation_acronym	String	WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_name	String	Nancy Copley
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_nid	String	50396
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role	String	BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role_type	String	related
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	project	String	Killer Seaweeds
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_acronym	String	Killer Seaweeds
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_description	String	Extracted from the NSF award abstract: Coral reefs are in dramatic global decline, with reefs commonly converting from species-rich and topographically-complex communities dominated by corals to species- poor and topographically-simplified communities dominated by seaweeds. These phase-shifts result in fundamental loss of ecosystem function. Despite debate about whether coral-to-algal transitions are commonly a primary cause, or simply a consequence, of coral mortality, rigorous field investigation of seaweed-coral competition has received limited attention. There is limited information on how the outcome of seaweed-coral competition varies among species or the relative importance of different competitive mechanisms in facilitating seaweed dominance. In an effort to address this topic, the PI will conduct field experiments in the tropical South Pacific (Fiji) to determine the effects of seaweeds on corals when in direct contact, which seaweeds are most damaging to corals, the role allelopathic lipids that are transferred via contact in producing these effects, the identity and surface concentrations of these metabolites, and the dynamic nature of seaweed metabolite production and coral response following contact. The herbivorous fishes most responsible for controlling allelopathic seaweeds will be identified, the roles of seaweed metabolites in allelopathy vs herbivore deterrence will be studied, and the potential for better managing and conserving critical reef herbivores so as to slow or reverse conversion of coral reef to seaweed meadows will be examined. Preliminary results indicate that seaweeds may commonly damage corals via lipid- soluble allelochemicals. Such chemically-mediated interactions could kill or damage adult corals and produce the suppression of coral fecundity and recruitment noted by previous investigators and could precipitate positive feedback mechanisms making reef recovery increasingly unlikely as seaweed abundance increases. Chemically-mediated seaweed-coral competition may play a critical role in the degradation of present-day coral reefs. Increasing information on which seaweeds are most aggressive to corals and which herbivores best limit these seaweeds may prove useful in better managing reefs to facilitate resilience and possible recovery despite threats of global-scale stresses. Fiji is well positioned to rapidly use findings from this project for better management of reef resources because it has already erected >260 MPAs, Fijian villagers have already bought-in to the value of MPAs, and the Fiji Locally-Managed Marine Area (FLMMA) Network is well organized to get information to villagers in a culturally sensitive and useful manner. The broader impacts of this project are far reaching. The project provides training opportunities for 2-2.5 Ph.D students and 1 undergraduate student each year in the interdisciplinary areas of marine ecology, marine conservation, and marine chemical ecology. Findings from this project will be immediately integrated into classes at Ga Tech and made available throughout Fiji via a foundation and web site that have already set-up to support marine conservation efforts in Fiji and marine education efforts both within Fiji and internationally. Business and community leaders from Atlanta (via Rotary International Service efforts) have been recruited to help organize and fund community service and outreach projects in Fiji -- several of which are likely to involve marine conservation and education based in part on these efforts there. Media outlets (National Geographic, NPR, Animal Planet, Audubon Magazine, etc.) and local Rotary clubs will be used to better disseminate these discoveries to the public. PUBLICATIONS PRODUCED AS A RESULT OF THIS RESEARCH Rasher DB, Stout EP, Engel S, Kubanek J, and ME Hay. "Macroalgal terpenes function as allelopathic agents against reef corals", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 108, 2011, p. 17726. Beattie AJ, ME Hay, B Magnusson, R de Nys, J Smeathers, JFV Vincent. "Ecology and bioprospecting," Austral Ecology, v.36, 2011, p. 341. Rasher DB and ME Hay. "Seaweed allelopathy degrades the resilience and function of coral reefs," Communicative and Integrative Biology, v.3, 2010. Hay ME, Rasher DB. "Corals in crisis," The Scientist, v.24, 2010, p. 42. Hay ME and DB Rasher. "Coral reefs in crisis: reversing the biotic death spiral," Faculty 1000 Biology Reports 2010, v.2, 2010. Rasher DB and ME Hay. "Chemically rich seaweeds poison corals when not controlled by herbivores", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v.107, 2010, p. 9683.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_end_date	String	2014-08
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_geolocation	String	Viti Levu, Fiji (18º13.049’S, 177º42.968’E)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_name	String	Killer Seaweeds: Allelopathy against Fijian Corals
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_project_nid	String	480717
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_start_date	String	2009-09
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_name	String	Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	sourceUrl	String	(local files)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Southernmost_Northing	double	-18.208
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	standard_name_vocabulary	String	CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	subsetVariables	String	latitude,longitude
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	summary	String	Raw data on the growth of mature Sargassum polycystum fronds transplanted into or outside Sargassum beds, crowded and isolated conditions respectively, in a non-protected area in Fiji. Growth was obtained using the initial height measurement from each ramet and subtracting it from its final height, meaning the ramets that died were recorded as negative change. Details in Dell et al. 2016 Plos One. Related Reference: Dell, C., Longo, G.O., Hay, M.E. (2016) Positive feedbacks enhance macroalgal resilience on Degraded Coral Reefs. Plos One. Related Datasets: [Sargassum mature growth - figure 2](\\http://www.bco- dmo.org/dataset/643915\\) [Sargassum recruit-sized survival - figure 3](\\http://www.bco- dmo.org/dataset/644035\\) [Sargassum recruit-sized growth and survival with conspecifics - figures 5 and 6](\\https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/644080\\)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	title	String	Growth and survival of mature Sargassum polycystum fronds in crowded and isolated habitats
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	version	String	1
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Westernmost_Easting	double	177.7
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	xml_source	String	osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable	latitude		double
attribute	latitude	_CoordinateAxisType	String	Lat
attribute	latitude	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	latitude	actual_range	double	-18.208, -18.208
attribute	latitude	axis	String	Y
attribute	latitude	bcodmo_name	String	latitude
attribute	latitude	colorBarMaximum	double	90.0
attribute	latitude	colorBarMinimum	double	-90.0
attribute	latitude	description	String	latitude; north is positive
attribute	latitude	ioos_category	String	Location
attribute	latitude	long_name	String	Latitude
attribute	latitude	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LATX/
attribute	latitude	standard_name	String	latitude
attribute	latitude	units	String	degrees_north
variable	longitude		double
attribute	longitude	_CoordinateAxisType	String	Lon
attribute	longitude	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	longitude	actual_range	double	177.7, 177.7
attribute	longitude	axis	String	X
attribute	longitude	bcodmo_name	String	longitude
attribute	longitude	colorBarMaximum	double	180.0
attribute	longitude	colorBarMinimum	double	-180.0
attribute	longitude	description	String	longitude; east is positive
attribute	longitude	ioos_category	String	Location
attribute	longitude	long_name	String	Longitude
attribute	longitude	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LONX/
attribute	longitude	standard_name	String	longitude
attribute	longitude	units	String	degrees_east
variable	all_isolated		float
attribute	all_isolated	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	all_isolated	actual_range	float	-10.0, 3.25
attribute	all_isolated	bcodmo_name	String	growth
attribute	all_isolated	description	String	growth of all Sargassum fronds transplanted to an area isolated from conspecifics
attribute	all_isolated	long_name	String	All Isolated
attribute	all_isolated	units	String	cm
variable	all_crowded		float
attribute	all_crowded	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	all_crowded	actual_range	float	-2.63, 4.63
attribute	all_crowded	bcodmo_name	String	growth
attribute	all_crowded	description	String	growth of all Sargassum fronds transplanted to an area crowded with conspecifics
attribute	all_crowded	long_name	String	All Crowded
attribute	all_crowded	units	String	cm
variable	all_difference		float
attribute	all_difference	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	all_difference	actual_range	float	-12.63, 0.38
attribute	all_difference	bcodmo_name	String	growth
attribute	all_difference	colorBarMaximum	double	10.0
attribute	all_difference	colorBarMinimum	double	-10.0
attribute	all_difference	description	String	difference between the growth of all Sargassum fronds in isolated and crowded conditions
attribute	all_difference	long_name	String	All Difference
attribute	all_difference	units	String	cm
variable	survivors_isolated		float
attribute	survivors_isolated	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	survivors_isolated	actual_range	float	-1.8, 3.67
attribute	survivors_isolated	bcodmo_name	String	growth
attribute	survivors_isolated	description	String	growth of Sargassum fronds that were transplanted to an area isolated from conspecifics and survived for the entire experiment range (two weeks)
attribute	survivors_isolated	long_name	String	Survivors Isolated
attribute	survivors_isolated	units	String	cm
variable	survivors_crowded		float
attribute	survivors_crowded	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	survivors_crowded	actual_range	float	-0.38, 4.63
attribute	survivors_crowded	bcodmo_name	String	growth
attribute	survivors_crowded	description	String	growth of Sargassum fronds that were transplanted to an area crowded with conspecifics and survived for the entire experiment range (two weeks)
attribute	survivors_crowded	long_name	String	Survivors Crowded
attribute	survivors_crowded	units	String	cm
variable	survivors_difference		float
attribute	survivors_difference	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	survivors_difference	actual_range	float	-0.5, 1.7
attribute	survivors_difference	bcodmo_name	String	growth
attribute	survivors_difference	colorBarMaximum	double	10.0
attribute	survivors_difference	colorBarMinimum	double	-10.0
attribute	survivors_difference	description	String	difference between the growth of Sargassum fronds transplanted to isolated and crowded conditions and survived for the entire experiment range (two weeks)
attribute	survivors_difference	long_name	String	Survivors Difference
attribute	survivors_difference	units	String	cm

The information in the table above is also available in other file formats (.csv, .htmlTable, .itx, .json, .jsonlCSV1, .jsonlCSV, .jsonlKVP, .mat, .nc, .nccsv, .tsv, .xhtml) via a RESTful web service.