ERDDAP > info > bcodmo_dataset_644080

Grid DAP Data	Sub- set	Table DAP Data	Make A Graph	W M S	Source Data Files	Acces- sible	Title	Sum- mary	FGDC, ISO, Metadata	Back- ground Info	RSS	E mail	Institution	Dataset ID
		data	graph		files	public	[Sargassum recruit-sized growth and survival with conspecifics - figures 5 and 6] - Survival and growth of recruit-sized ramets growing inside or outside Sargassum beds (crowded and isolated conditions, respectively) in the MPA and non-MPA of two villages in Fiji (Killer Seaweeds: Allelopathy against Fijian Corals)		F   I   M	background			BCO-DMO	bcodmo_dataset_644080

The Dataset's Variables and Attributes

Row Type	Variable Name	Attribute Name	Data Type	Value
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	access_formats	String	.htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	acquisition_description	String	[Reference cited below are from Dell et al (2016) Plos One.] Study site and species: This study was conducted between January and May in 2013 and 2015 on the coral coast of Fiji\u2019s main island, Viti Levu, in the villages of Votua and Vatu-o-lailai (18\u00b012\u201932S, 177\u00b042\u201900E and 18\u00b012\u201913S, 177\u00b041\u201929E respectively; Fig 1). These villages are ~3km apart and each has jurisdiction over their stretch of reef flat; a habitat ranging between ~1.5 and 3m deep at high tide and between ~0 and 1.5m deep at low tide. In 2002, these villages established small areas (0.8km2 in Votua and 0.5 km2 in Vatu-o-lailai; Fig 1) as no-take MPAs [25]. Though MPA and non-MPA areas were initially similar in coral and macroalgal cover (33-42% macroalgal cover; 3-12% coral cover [25]), MPAs now differ significantly from the adjacent non-MPAs in benthic cover and fish diversity and abundance. MPAs now have ~56% live coral cover on hard substrate, ~2% macroalgal cover, ~8 fold higher biomass of herbivorous fishes, and higher recruitment of both fishes and corals than the non-MPAs [5,22]. Meanwhile the non-MPAs have lower fish biomass, 5-16% live coral cover on hard substrates and 51-92% macroalgal cover, the majority of which is comprised by Phaeophytes (primarily Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh [22]). In the MPAs, macroalgal cover is restricted to the shallowest, most shoreward areas (where access by herbivorous fishes appears limited), whereas macroalgal cover in the non-MPAs extends throughout the habitat. Thus, over distances of only a few hundred metres, there are dramatic differences in community composition that may impact the efficacy of factors controlling macroalgal populations, without the confounding factors of great differences in space or time. Effect of conspecifics, origin and habitat on survival and growth of recruit- sized ramets We investigated the effect of conspecifics on the survival and growth of recruit-sized ramets in conjunction with the effect of origin when ramets were not protected from herbivory. Because Sargassum beds in the MPAs only exist near shore and we did not want to confound distance from shore with treatment, we conducted this experiment at a depth of ~0.5m (at low tide) between ~10m to 20m from shore in both Votua and Vatu-o-lailai (Fig 1). As in the previous experiment that also used recruit-sized ramets, small algal recruits (0.5 to 1.5cm tall) were detached from the substrate so that a small piece of reef substrate remained attached to the alga\u2019s holdfast and these rock pieces were affixed to tiles using Ecotech coral glue. Two MPA and two non-MPA ramets were attached onto each tile in a square pattern 1cm distance from each other. As before, the ramets were chosen so that the four on each tile were of equal size and the tiles were arranged so there was similar size representation of ramets in each treatment. In each location, tiles were placed within established Sargassum beds (crowded condition) or placed in open areas (isolated condition) ~2 metres away. A total of 30 tiles were affixed in the MPA and 30 in the non-MPA within each village, 15 in crowded and 15 in isolated areas. This design ensured there were two origins (MPA or non-MPA) and two density conditions (crowded or isolated) in each of the MPA and non-MPA habitats of both Votua and Vatu-o-lailai. The tiles were out-planted at the end of February 2013, monitored every 3 days for the first month and then weekly for two subsequent months for mortality and loss. As in the previous tile experiment, if the stone to which the ramet was attached was missing, those individuals were recorded as lost and excluded from subsequent analyses. Of the initial 240 ramets deployed in each village, 16 and 15 individuals were lost (6.7% and 6.2%) from Votua and Vatu-o-lailai, respectively.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_nid	String	480718
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_number	String	OCE-0929119
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_data_url	String	http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0929119
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funder_name	String	NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_acronym	String	NSF OCE
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_source_nid	String	355
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_program_manager	String	David L. Garrison
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_program_manager_nid	String	50534
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	cdm_data_type	String	Other
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	comment	String	Growth Survey Recruitment Conspecific Survival and growth of recruit-sized ramets growing inside or outside Sargassum beds (crowded and isolated conditions, respectively) in the MPA and non-MPA of the two villages These data were published in Dell et al (2016) PLOS ONE, Figs. 5 & 6 version: 2016-05-02 M. Hay (GA Tech)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Conventions	String	COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_email	String	info at bco-dmo.org
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_name	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_url	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	data_source	String	extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_created	String	2016-05-02T16:13:08Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_modified	String	2016-05-03T17:26:15Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	defaultDataQuery	String	&time<now
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	doi	String	10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.644666
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Easternmost_Easting	double	177.7
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_max	double	-18.204
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_min	double	-18.208
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_units	String	degrees_north
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_max	double	177.7
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_min	double	177.691
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_units	String	degrees_east
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	infoUrl	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/644080
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	institution	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	keywords	String	average, average_days_survived, bco, bco-dmo, biological, chemical, condition, data, dataset, days, dmo, erddap, height, latitude, longitude, management, mean, mean_height, oceanography, office, origin, origin_location, origin_location_condition, preliminary, survived, tile, village
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	license	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/644080/license
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	metadata_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/644080
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Northernmost_Northing	double	-18.204
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	param_mapping	String	{'644080': {'lat': 'master - latitude', 'lon': 'master - longitude'}}
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	parameter_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/644080/parameters
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_affiliation	String	Georgia Institute of Technology
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_affiliation_acronym	String	Georgia Tech
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_name	String	Mark Hay
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_nid	String	480720
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role	String	Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_affiliation	String	Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_affiliation_acronym	String	WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_name	String	Nancy Copley
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_nid	String	50396
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role	String	BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role_type	String	related
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	project	String	Killer Seaweeds
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_acronym	String	Killer Seaweeds
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_description	String	Extracted from the NSF award abstract: Coral reefs are in dramatic global decline, with reefs commonly converting from species-rich and topographically-complex communities dominated by corals to species- poor and topographically-simplified communities dominated by seaweeds. These phase-shifts result in fundamental loss of ecosystem function. Despite debate about whether coral-to-algal transitions are commonly a primary cause, or simply a consequence, of coral mortality, rigorous field investigation of seaweed-coral competition has received limited attention. There is limited information on how the outcome of seaweed-coral competition varies among species or the relative importance of different competitive mechanisms in facilitating seaweed dominance. In an effort to address this topic, the PI will conduct field experiments in the tropical South Pacific (Fiji) to determine the effects of seaweeds on corals when in direct contact, which seaweeds are most damaging to corals, the role allelopathic lipids that are transferred via contact in producing these effects, the identity and surface concentrations of these metabolites, and the dynamic nature of seaweed metabolite production and coral response following contact. The herbivorous fishes most responsible for controlling allelopathic seaweeds will be identified, the roles of seaweed metabolites in allelopathy vs herbivore deterrence will be studied, and the potential for better managing and conserving critical reef herbivores so as to slow or reverse conversion of coral reef to seaweed meadows will be examined. Preliminary results indicate that seaweeds may commonly damage corals via lipid- soluble allelochemicals. Such chemically-mediated interactions could kill or damage adult corals and produce the suppression of coral fecundity and recruitment noted by previous investigators and could precipitate positive feedback mechanisms making reef recovery increasingly unlikely as seaweed abundance increases. Chemically-mediated seaweed-coral competition may play a critical role in the degradation of present-day coral reefs. Increasing information on which seaweeds are most aggressive to corals and which herbivores best limit these seaweeds may prove useful in better managing reefs to facilitate resilience and possible recovery despite threats of global-scale stresses. Fiji is well positioned to rapidly use findings from this project for better management of reef resources because it has already erected >260 MPAs, Fijian villagers have already bought-in to the value of MPAs, and the Fiji Locally-Managed Marine Area (FLMMA) Network is well organized to get information to villagers in a culturally sensitive and useful manner. The broader impacts of this project are far reaching. The project provides training opportunities for 2-2.5 Ph.D students and 1 undergraduate student each year in the interdisciplinary areas of marine ecology, marine conservation, and marine chemical ecology. Findings from this project will be immediately integrated into classes at Ga Tech and made available throughout Fiji via a foundation and web site that have already set-up to support marine conservation efforts in Fiji and marine education efforts both within Fiji and internationally. Business and community leaders from Atlanta (via Rotary International Service efforts) have been recruited to help organize and fund community service and outreach projects in Fiji -- several of which are likely to involve marine conservation and education based in part on these efforts there. Media outlets (National Geographic, NPR, Animal Planet, Audubon Magazine, etc.) and local Rotary clubs will be used to better disseminate these discoveries to the public. PUBLICATIONS PRODUCED AS A RESULT OF THIS RESEARCH Rasher DB, Stout EP, Engel S, Kubanek J, and ME Hay. "Macroalgal terpenes function as allelopathic agents against reef corals", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 108, 2011, p. 17726. Beattie AJ, ME Hay, B Magnusson, R de Nys, J Smeathers, JFV Vincent. "Ecology and bioprospecting," Austral Ecology, v.36, 2011, p. 341. Rasher DB and ME Hay. "Seaweed allelopathy degrades the resilience and function of coral reefs," Communicative and Integrative Biology, v.3, 2010. Hay ME, Rasher DB. "Corals in crisis," The Scientist, v.24, 2010, p. 42. Hay ME and DB Rasher. "Coral reefs in crisis: reversing the biotic death spiral," Faculty 1000 Biology Reports 2010, v.2, 2010. Rasher DB and ME Hay. "Chemically rich seaweeds poison corals when not controlled by herbivores", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v.107, 2010, p. 9683.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_end_date	String	2014-08
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_geolocation	String	Viti Levu, Fiji (18º13.049’S, 177º42.968’E)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_name	String	Killer Seaweeds: Allelopathy against Fijian Corals
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_project_nid	String	480717
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_start_date	String	2009-09
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_name	String	Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	sourceUrl	String	(local files)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Southernmost_Northing	double	-18.208
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	standard_name_vocabulary	String	CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	summary	String	Survival and growth of recruit-sized ramets of Sargassum polycystum growing inside or outside Sargassum beds (crowded and isolated conditions, respectively) in protected and non-protected areas (MPA and non-MPA, respectively) in two villages in Fiji. Growth was obtained using the initial height measurement from each ramet and subtracting it from its final height, meaning the ramets that died were recorded as negative change. An average final height was calculated from two sub-samples (the two MPA and two non-MPA ramets) on each tile after 3 months of experiment. Survival was the average number of days survived by the two MPA ramets and by the two non-MPA ramets in each tile Details in Dell et al. 2016 Plos One. Related Reference: Dell, C., Longo, G.O., Hay, M.E. (2016) Positive feedbacks enhance macroalgal resilience on Degraded Coral Reefs. Plos One. Related Datasets: [Sargassum mature growth - figure 2](\\http://www.bco- dmo.org/dataset/643915\\) [Sargassum recruit-sized survival - figure 3](\\http://www.bco- dmo.org/dataset/644035\\) [Sargassum mature growth conspecific - figure 4](\\http://www.bco- dmo.org/dataset/644062\\)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	title	String	[Sargassum recruit-sized growth and survival with conspecifics - figures 5 and 6] - Survival and growth of recruit-sized ramets growing inside or outside Sargassum beds (crowded and isolated conditions, respectively) in the MPA and non-MPA of two villages in Fiji (Killer Seaweeds: Allelopathy against Fijian Corals)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	version	String	1
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Westernmost_Easting	double	177.691
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	xml_source	String	osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable	origin_location		String
attribute	origin_location	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	origin_location	description	String	combination of the factors origin and location respectively
attribute	origin_location	long_name	String	Origin Location
attribute	origin_location	units	String	unitless
variable	origin		String
attribute	origin	bcodmo_name	String	origin
attribute	origin	description	String	where Sargassum fronds were collected for the transplant: MPA = marine protected area; NON-MPA = non-protected area
attribute	origin	long_name	String	Origin
attribute	origin	units	String	unitless
variable	location		String
attribute	location	bcodmo_name	String	site
attribute	location	description	String	where Sargassum fronds were transplanted to: MPA = marine protected area; NON-MPA = non-protected area
attribute	location	long_name	String	Location
attribute	location	units	String	unitless
variable	condition		String
attribute	condition	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	condition	description	String	whether transplanted area was empty or crowded with conspecifics: crowded = transplanted recruit surrounded by conspecifics; isolated = transplanted recruit isolated from conspecifics
attribute	condition	long_name	String	Condition
attribute	condition	units	String	unitless
variable	origin_location_condition		String
attribute	origin_location_condition	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	origin_location_condition	description	String	combination of the factors origin, location, and condition respectively: MMcrow = origin MPA - location MPA - condition crowded MMiso = origin MPA - location MPA - condition isolated MNcrow = origin MPA - location NON-MPA - condition crowded MNiso = origin MPA - location NON-MPA - condition isolated NMcrow = origin NON-MPA - location MPA - condition crowded NMiso = origin NON-MPA - location MPA - condition isolated NNcrow = origin NON-MPA - location NON-MPA - condition crowded NNiso = origin NON-MPA - location NON-MPA - condition isolated
attribute	origin_location_condition	long_name	String	Origin Location Condition
attribute	origin_location_condition	units	String	unitless
variable	village		String
attribute	village	bcodmo_name	String	site
attribute	village	description	String	village name: VLL = Vatu-o-lailai; VOT = Votua
attribute	village	long_name	String	Village
attribute	village	units	String	unitless
variable	latitude		double
attribute	latitude	_CoordinateAxisType	String	Lat
attribute	latitude	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	latitude	actual_range	double	-18.208, -18.204
attribute	latitude	axis	String	Y
attribute	latitude	bcodmo_name	String	latitude
attribute	latitude	colorBarMaximum	double	90.0
attribute	latitude	colorBarMinimum	double	-90.0
attribute	latitude	description	String	latitude; north is positive
attribute	latitude	ioos_category	String	Location
attribute	latitude	long_name	String	Latitude
attribute	latitude	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LATX/
attribute	latitude	standard_name	String	latitude
attribute	latitude	units	String	degrees_north
variable	longitude		double
attribute	longitude	_CoordinateAxisType	String	Lon
attribute	longitude	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	longitude	actual_range	double	177.691, 177.7
attribute	longitude	axis	String	X
attribute	longitude	bcodmo_name	String	longitude
attribute	longitude	colorBarMaximum	double	180.0
attribute	longitude	colorBarMinimum	double	-180.0
attribute	longitude	description	String	longitude; east is positive
attribute	longitude	ioos_category	String	Location
attribute	longitude	long_name	String	Longitude
attribute	longitude	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LONX/
attribute	longitude	standard_name	String	longitude
attribute	longitude	units	String	degrees_east
variable	tile		byte
attribute	tile	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	tile	actual_range	byte	1, 60
attribute	tile	bcodmo_name	String	sample
attribute	tile	description	String	identification of the tile to which the recruit was attached to
attribute	tile	long_name	String	Tile
attribute	tile	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/ACYC/
attribute	tile	units	String	integer
variable	mean_height		float
attribute	mean_height	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	mean_height	actual_range	float	-2.0, 12.3
attribute	mean_height	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	mean_height	description	String	the initial height measurement from each ramet was subtracted from its final; meaning the ramets that died were recorded as negative change. An average final height was calculated from the two sub-samples (the two MPA and two non-MPA ramets) on each tile after 3 months of experiment.
attribute	mean_height	long_name	String	Mean Height
attribute	mean_height	units	String	cm
variable	average_days_survived		float
attribute	average_days_survived	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	average_days_survived	actual_range	float	7.0, 85.0
attribute	average_days_survived	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	average_days_survived	description	String	average number of days survived by the two MPA ramets and by the two non-MPA ramets in each tile
attribute	average_days_survived	long_name	String	Average Days Survived
attribute	average_days_survived	units	String	days

The information in the table above is also available in other file formats (.csv, .htmlTable, .itx, .json, .jsonlCSV1, .jsonlCSV, .jsonlKVP, .mat, .nc, .nccsv, .tsv, .xhtml) via a RESTful web service.