ERDDAP > info > bcodmo_dataset_661151

Grid DAP Data	Sub- set	Table DAP Data	Make A Graph	W M S	Source Data Files	Acces- sible	Title	Sum- mary	FGDC, ISO, Metadata	Back- ground Info	RSS	E mail	Institution	Dataset ID
		data	graph		files	public	[Percent cover of sessile invertebrates and algae] - Percent cover of sessile invertebrates and algae along the coast of Monterey and Carmel starting in 1999 (Kelp Forest Resilience project) (Kelp forest community resilience in action: adaptive responses of predators to a disease-driven food web perturbation)		F   I   M	background			BCO-DMO	bcodmo_dataset_661151

The Dataset's Variables and Attributes

Row Type	Variable Name	Attribute Name	Data Type	Value
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	access_formats	String	.htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	acquisition_description	String	Sampling consists of visual surveys of the percent cover of conspicuous colonial sessile invertebrates and individually indistinguishable macroalgae by SCUBA divers. Surveys are conducted at sites distributed throughout the study region (Carmel Bay and southern Monterey Bay). Each sample site is divided into three \"zones\" (by depth - 20m, 12.5m, 5m - or from offshore to inshore at sites with little depth variation) to assure that samples are distributed across the face of a reef from inshore to offshore. Where possible, taxa (or taxonomic categories) are enumerated on six transects stratified across the three depth strata (two per stratum) per site (typically a 100m length of coastline, extending from onshore to the 20m isobath). Each \"transect\" is a 2m x 30m swath haphazardly located within one of the three depth strata.\u00a0 Transects within a stratum are separated end-to-end by approximately 5m. Sampling of each transect is conducted by three divers simultaneously. One diver records the number of individual invertebrates and macroalgae within each of three 10m-long segments of the 60m2\u00a0swath. A second diver records the organism and substratum type beneath each of 30 points uniformly distributed along the 30m length of the transect (i.e. 1.0m increments) and the vertical relief (highest to lowest height of the reef surface) within a 0.5m long by 1m wide area centered on each uniform point.\u00a0 A third diver records the number and size of sea urchins and abalone within each of the 10m long segments of the 60m2\u00a0swath. \u00a0Surveys are designed to measure year-to-year site-wide variability in species density or percent cover, from which community structure and interannual dynamics are derived.\u00a0
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_nid	String	653037
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_number	String	OCE-1538582
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_data_url	String	http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1538582
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funder_name	String	NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_acronym	String	NSF OCE
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_source_nid	String	355
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_program_manager	String	Michael E. Sieracki
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_program_manager_nid	String	50446
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	cdm_data_type	String	Other
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	comment	String	Community Dynamics Percent Cover Data M. Carr and T. Tinker, PIs Version 20 November 2017
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Conventions	String	COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_email	String	info at bco-dmo.org
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_name	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_url	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	data_source	String	extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_created	String	2016-10-07T17:05:53Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_modified	String	2019-04-22T18:36:17Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	defaultDataQuery	String	&time<now
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	doi	String	10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.661151.1
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Easternmost_Easting	double	-121.894574
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_max	double	36.640454
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_min	double	36.397717
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_units	String	degrees_north
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_max	double	-121.894574
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_min	double	-121.982468
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_units	String	degrees_east
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_vertical_max	double	23.2
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_vertical_min	double	3.4
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_vertical_positive	String	down
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_vertical_units	String	m
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	infoUrl	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/661151
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	institution	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	keywords	String	bco, bco-dmo, biological, category, chemical, classcode, count, cov, data, dataset, date, depth, dmo, erddap, latitude, longitude, management, notes, oceanography, office, pct, pct_cov, preliminary, side, site, transect, year, zone
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	license	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/661151/license
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	metadata_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/661151
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Northernmost_Northing	double	36.640454
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	param_mapping	String	{'661151': {'lat': 'master - latitude', 'depth': 'flag - depth', 'lon': 'master - longitude'}}
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	parameter_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/661151/parameters
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_affiliation	String	University of California-Santa Cruz
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_affiliation_acronym	String	UC Santa Cruz
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_name	String	Mark Carr
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_nid	String	51504
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role	String	Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_affiliation	String	University of California-Santa Cruz
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_affiliation_acronym	String	UC Santa Cruz
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_name	String	Tim Tinker
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_nid	String	51505
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role	String	Co-Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_affiliation	String	University of California-Santa Cruz
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_affiliation_acronym	String	UC Santa Cruz
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_person_name	String	Mark Carr
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_person_nid	String	51504
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_role	String	Contact
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_role_type	String	related
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_affiliation	String	Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_affiliation_acronym	String	WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_person_name	String	Hannah Ake
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_person_nid	String	650173
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_role	String	BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_role_type	String	related
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	project	String	Kelp_Forest_Resilience
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_acronym	String	Kelp_Forest_Resilience
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_description	String	A key goal of ecology is to understand how species interactions -- competition, predation, mutualism -- influence the structure (e.g., biodiversity) and functions (e.g., productivity) of ecological communities and contribute to the stability and resilience of ecosystems. Kelp forests along the West Coast of North America have been a model ecosystem in which marine ecologists have explored these questions. That work has provided evidence that predators, including sea otters, sea stars, and fishes, can be important in controlling sea urchins that otherwise overgraze forests and create alternative "barrens" states, devoid of kelp. However, other examples suggest that disease and disturbance, not predators, suppress urchin overgrazing. Here we employ experiments and surveys to determine whether and how sea otters and sea stars act separately and in combination to control the rapid growth of sea urchin populations that is occurring in concert with a sea star "wasting" epidemic along the West Coast of North America. The results of this work will (i) advance our understanding of how multiple predators interact to influence community structure, stability and resilience, and (ii) shed light on how species interactions contribute to the stability of these forests that are the foundation of productive commercial and recreational fisheries. The project will involve citizen scientists contributing to surveys of sea otter abundance, foraging behavior and diet, and underrepresented (largely Latino) undergraduates and results will be disseminated in several public outreach facilities and K-12 educational programs. This project will advance our understanding of the combined roles of species diversity and predators in contributing to the stability and resilience of community structure. Though both predators and diversity have been the focus of numerous studies, fewer have explored how predator diversity does or does not enhance the resilience of marine ecosystems. The investigators will determine the relative contributions of southern sea otters (Enyhda lutris lutris) and two species of sea stars (Pycnopodia helianthoides and Pisaster giganteus) in controlling the density and size structure of two prey species, the purple sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus) and a snail (Promartynia pulligo), and the cascading effects on survival and density of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera). Orthogonal manipulations of predator access in large field enclosures/exclosures will be used to assess the relative roles of redundancy, complementarity and "sampling effect" (i.e. particular importance of either species) among the two predators on both direct mortality and indirect (trait-mediated) foraging behavior of their prey. The PIs will evaluate whether results from the experiments "scale up" to explain geographic variation in the relative densities of predators (otters and stars), prey (urchins) and the major primary producer (giant kelp) and the ability of sea otters to compensate for declines in sea stars to control the rapid growth in purple sea urchin populations that can otherwise cause phase shifts (forests to barrens) of these ecosystems.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_end_date	String	2018-07
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_geolocation	String	Monterey Bay and Carmel Bay, California; 36 N, 121 W
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_name	String	Kelp forest community resilience in action: adaptive responses of predators to a disease-driven food web perturbation
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_project_nid	String	653038
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_start_date	String	2015-08
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_name	String	Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	sourceUrl	String	(local files)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Southernmost_Northing	double	36.397717
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	standard_name_vocabulary	String	CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	summary	String	Percent cover of sessile invertebrates and algae along the coast of Monterey and Carmel starting in 1999 (Kelp Forest Resilience project)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	title	String	[Percent cover of sessile invertebrates and algae] - Percent cover of sessile invertebrates and algae along the coast of Monterey and Carmel starting in 1999 (Kelp Forest Resilience project) (Kelp forest community resilience in action: adaptive responses of predators to a disease-driven food web perturbation)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	version	String	1
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Westernmost_Easting	double	-121.982468
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	xml_source	String	osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable	year		short
attribute	year	_FillValue	short	32767
attribute	year	actual_range	short	1999, 2016
attribute	year	bcodmo_name	String	year
attribute	year	description	String	The year that the survey was done. This date is expressed in YYYY format. Dates reflect measurements taken in Local Time.
attribute	year	long_name	String	Year
attribute	year	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/YEARXXXX/
attribute	year	units	String	unitless
variable	site		String
attribute	site	bcodmo_name	String	site
attribute	site	description	String	The unique site code where the survey was performed. This site code refers to a specific GPS location defined by a bounding box and is likely associated with a placename (i.e there may be multiple sitecodes at the 'Jalama Beach' placename).
attribute	site	long_name	String	Site
attribute	site	units	String	unitless
variable	side		String
attribute	side	bcodmo_name	String	site
attribute	side	description	String	A division of the site into two or three areas referred to as sides. Sides may be East (E); West (W); South (S); North (N) or CEN (central)
attribute	side	long_name	String	Side
attribute	side	units	String	unitless
variable	latitude		double
attribute	latitude	_CoordinateAxisType	String	Lat
attribute	latitude	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	latitude	actual_range	double	36.397717, 36.640454
attribute	latitude	axis	String	Y
attribute	latitude	bcodmo_name	String	latitude
attribute	latitude	colorBarMaximum	double	90.0
attribute	latitude	colorBarMinimum	double	-90.0
attribute	latitude	description	String	Latitude; north is positive.
attribute	latitude	ioos_category	String	Location
attribute	latitude	long_name	String	Latitude
attribute	latitude	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LATX/
attribute	latitude	standard_name	String	latitude
attribute	latitude	units	String	degrees_north
variable	longitude		double
attribute	longitude	_CoordinateAxisType	String	Lon
attribute	longitude	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	longitude	actual_range	double	-121.982468, -121.894574
attribute	longitude	axis	String	X
attribute	longitude	bcodmo_name	String	longitude
attribute	longitude	colorBarMaximum	double	180.0
attribute	longitude	colorBarMinimum	double	-180.0
attribute	longitude	description	String	Longitude; east is positive.
attribute	longitude	ioos_category	String	Location
attribute	longitude	long_name	String	Longitude
attribute	longitude	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LONX/
attribute	longitude	standard_name	String	longitude
attribute	longitude	units	String	degrees_east
variable	zone		String
attribute	zone	bcodmo_name	String	site
attribute	zone	description	String	A division of the side into 2 or 4 categories representing onshore-offshore stratification or targeted bottom depths for transects. Zones may be INNER; INMID; OUTMID; OUTER.
attribute	zone	long_name	String	Zone
attribute	zone	units	String	unitless
variable	transect		byte
attribute	transect	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	transect	actual_range	byte	1, 3
attribute	transect	bcodmo_name	String	transect
attribute	transect	description	String	A number representing one of the parallel transects through the sitearea along which are located the sampling segments.
attribute	transect	long_name	String	Transect
attribute	transect	units	String	unitless
variable	depth		double
attribute	depth	_CoordinateAxisType	String	Height
attribute	depth	_CoordinateZisPositive	String	down
attribute	depth	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	depth	actual_range	double	3.4, 23.2
attribute	depth	axis	String	Z
attribute	depth	bcodmo_name	String	depth
attribute	depth	colorBarMaximum	double	8000.0
attribute	depth	colorBarMinimum	double	-8000.0
attribute	depth	colorBarPalette	String	TopographyDepth
attribute	depth	description	String	Average depth of the transect estimated by the diver. Each level is measured.
attribute	depth	ioos_category	String	Location
attribute	depth	long_name	String	Depth
attribute	depth	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/DEPH/
attribute	depth	positive	String	down
attribute	depth	standard_name	String	depth
attribute	depth	units	String	m
variable	category		String
attribute	category	bcodmo_name	String	site_descrip
attribute	category	description	String	Type of percent cover observation. Values include: SUBSTRATE (size of rock or sand over which the observation is taken); RELIEF (vertical relief within a 1m x 0.5m box around the sampled point); COVER (type of biotic subtrate associated cover present the uppermost layer at the observation point); SUPERLAYER (organisms which are super-numerous but not attached to the bottom and would not therefore otherwise be captured by the density or percent cover samping methods.)
attribute	category	long_name	String	Category
attribute	category	units	String	unitless
variable	date		int
attribute	date	_FillValue	int	2147483647
attribute	date	actual_range	int	19990907, 20161102
attribute	date	bcodmo_name	String	date
attribute	date	description	String	The date that the survey was done. This date is expressed in YYYYmmdd format. Dates reflect measurements taken in Local Time.
attribute	date	long_name	String	Date
attribute	date	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ADATAA01/
attribute	date	units	String	unitless
variable	classcode		String
attribute	classcode	bcodmo_name	String	species
attribute	classcode	description	String	The unique taxonomic or functional classification code that is being counted as defined in the PISCO classification table. This refers to a code that defines the Genus and Species. See "Species Key" dataset for definitions.
attribute	classcode	long_name	String	Classcode
attribute	classcode	units	String	unitless
variable	count		byte
attribute	count	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	count	actual_range	byte	1, 90
attribute	count	bcodmo_name	String	count
attribute	count	colorBarMaximum	double	100.0
attribute	count	colorBarMinimum	double	0.0
attribute	count	description	String	The count of the species or class indicated by the class code. The count is the number of points which fall on the identified classcode at 1m intervals along the transect tape.
attribute	count	long_name	String	Count
attribute	count	units	String	count
variable	pct_cov		double
attribute	pct_cov	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	pct_cov	actual_range	double	0.83333333, 100.0
attribute	pct_cov	bcodmo_name	String	cover_pcent
attribute	pct_cov	description	String	Percent cover of the identified classcode calculated by dividing the count by the total number of points sampled along the transect.
attribute	pct_cov	long_name	String	Pct Cov
attribute	pct_cov	units	String	centimeters (cm)
variable	notes		String
attribute	notes	bcodmo_name	String	comment
attribute	notes	description	String	notes
attribute	notes	long_name	String	Notes
attribute	notes	units	String	dimensionless

The information in the table above is also available in other file formats (.csv, .htmlTable, .itx, .json, .jsonlCSV1, .jsonlCSV, .jsonlKVP, .mat, .nc, .nccsv, .tsv, .xhtml) via a RESTful web service.