ERDDAP > info > bcodmo_dataset_664267

Grid DAP Data	Sub- set	Table DAP Data	Make A Graph	W M S	Source Data Files	Acces- sible	Title	Sum- mary	FGDC, ISO, Metadata	Back- ground Info	RSS	E mail	Institution	Dataset ID
		data	graph		files	public	[Descriptions of hurricanes affecting St. John] - Storm record from St. John, USVI in 1987– 2011 (St. John LTREB project, VI Octocorals project). (LTREB Long-term coral reef community dynamics in St. John, USVI: 1987-2019)		I   M	background			BCO-DMO	bcodmo_dataset_664267

The Dataset's Variables and Attributes

Row Type	Variable Name	Attribute Name	Data Type	Value
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	access_formats	String	.htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	acquisition_description	String	Based on Tsounis and Edmunds (In press), Ecosphere:\u00a0 Physical environmental conditions were characterized using three features that are well-known to affect coral reef community dynamics (described in Glynn 1993, Rogers 1993, Fabricius et al. 2005): seawater temperature, rainfall, and hurricane intensity. Together, these were used to generate seven dependent variables describing physical environmental features. Seawater temperature was recorded at each site every 15-30 min using a variety of logging sensors (see Edmunds 2006 for detailed information on the temperature measurement regime). Seawater temperature was characterized using five dependent variables calculated for each calendar year: mean temperature, maximum temperature, and minimum temperature (all averaged by day and month for each year), as well as the number of days hotter than 29.3 deg C (\u201chot days\u201d), and the number of days with temperatures greater than or equal to 26.0 deg C (\u201ccold days\u201d). The temperature defining \"hot days\" was determined by the coral bleaching threshold for St. John ([http://www.coral.noaa.gov/research/climate-change/coral- bleaching.html](\\"http://www.coral.noaa.gov/research/climate-change/coral- bleaching.html\\")), and the temperature defining \"cold days\" was taken as 26.0 deg C which marks the lower 12th percentile of all daily temperatures between 1989 and 2005 (Edmunds, 2006). The upper temperature limit was defined by the local bleaching threshold, and the lower limit defined the 12th\u00a0percentile of local seawater temperature records (see Edmunds 2006 for details). Rainfall was measured at various locations around St. John (see [http://www.sercc.com](\\"http://www.sercc.com\\")) but often on the north shore (courtesy of R.\u00a0Boulon) (see Edmunds and Gray 2014). To assess the influence of hurricanes, a categorical index of local hurricane impact was employed, with the index based on qualitative estimates of wave impacts in Great Lameshur Bay as a function of wind speed, wind direction, and distance of the nearest approach of each hurricane to the study area (see Gross and Edmunds 2015). Index values of 0 were assigned to years with no hurricanes, 0.5 to hurricanes with low impacts, and 1 for hurricanes with high impacts, and years were characterized by the sum of their hurricane index values.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_nid	String	55191
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_number	String	DEB-0841441
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_data_url	String	http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0841441&HistoricalAwards=false
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funder_name	String	National Science Foundation
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_acronym	String	NSF
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_source_nid	String	350
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_program_manager	String	Saran Twombly
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_program_manager_nid	String	51702
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_award_nid	String	562085
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_award_number	String	OCE-1332915
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_data_url	String	http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1332915
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_funder_name	String	NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_funding_acronym	String	NSF OCE
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_funding_source_nid	String	355
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_program_manager	String	David L. Garrison
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_program_manager_nid	String	50534
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_award_nid	String	562593
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_award_number	String	DEB-1350146
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_data_url	String	http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1350146
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_funder_name	String	NSF Division of Environmental Biology
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_funding_acronym	String	NSF DEB
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_funding_source_nid	String	550432
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_program_manager	String	Betsy Von Holle
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_program_manager_nid	String	701685
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	cdm_data_type	String	Other
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	comment	String	Hurricane Data G. Tsounis and P. Edmunds, PIs Version 10 November 2016
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Conventions	String	COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_email	String	info at bco-dmo.org
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_name	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_url	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	data_source	String	extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_created	String	2016-11-08T16:47:18Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_modified	String	2018-11-08T19:58:40Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	defaultDataQuery	String	&time<now
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	doi	String	10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.664760
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	infoUrl	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/664267
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	institution	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	keywords	String	bco, bco-dmo, biological, chemical, data, dataset, date, distance, dmo, erddap, hurricane, hurricane_name, hurricaneSeverityIndex, index, interp, interp_date, interp_distance, interp_wind, lameshur, lameshur_wind, management, name, oceanography, office, preliminary, severity, wind, year
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	license	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/664267/license
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	metadata_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/664267
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	param_mapping	String	{'664267': {}}
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	parameter_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/664267/parameters
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_affiliation	String	California State University Northridge
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_affiliation_acronym	String	CSU-Northridge
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_name	String	Peter J. Edmunds
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_nid	String	51536
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role	String	Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_affiliation	String	California State University Northridge
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_affiliation_acronym	String	CSU-Northridge
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_name	String	Dr Georgios Tsounis
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_nid	String	565353
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role	String	Co-Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_affiliation	String	Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_affiliation_acronym	String	WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_person_name	String	Hannah Ake
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_person_nid	String	650173
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_role	String	BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_role_type	String	related
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	project	String	St. John LTREB,VI Octocorals
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_acronym	String	St. John LTREB
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_description	String	Long Term Research in Environmental Biology (LTREB) in US Virgin Islands: From the NSF award abstract: In an era of growing human pressures on natural resources, there is a critical need to understand how major ecosystems will respond, the extent to which resource management can lessen the implications of these responses, and the likely state of these ecosystems in the future. Time-series analyses of community structure provide a vital tool in meeting these needs and promise a profound understanding of community change. This study focuses on coral reef ecosystems; an existing time-series analysis of the coral community structure on the reefs of St. John, US Virgin Islands, will be expanded to 27 years of continuous data in annual increments. Expansion of the core time-series data will be used to address five questions: (1) To what extent is the ecology at a small spatial scale (1-2 km) representative of regional scale events (10's of km)? (2) What are the effects of declining coral cover in modifying the genetic population structure of the coral host and its algal symbionts? (3) What are the roles of pre- versus post-settlement events in determining the population dynamics of small corals? (4) What role do physical forcing agents (other than temperature) play in driving the population dynamics of juvenile corals? and (5) How are populations of other, non-coral invertebrates responding to decadal-scale declines in coral cover? Ecological methods identical to those used over the last two decades will be supplemented by molecular genetic tools to understand the extent to which declining coral cover is affecting the genetic diversity of the corals remaining. An information management program will be implemented to create broad access by the scientific community to the entire data set. The importance of this study lies in the extreme longevity of the data describing coral reefs in a unique ecological context, and the immense potential that these data possess for understanding both the patterns of comprehensive community change (i.e., involving corals, other invertebrates, and genetic diversity), and the processes driving them. Importantly, as this project is closely integrated with resource management within the VI National Park, as well as larger efforts to study coral reefs in the US through the NSF Moorea Coral Reef LTER, it has a strong potential to have scientific and management implications that extend further than the location of the study. The following publications and data resulted from this project: 2015    Edmunds PJ, Tsounis G, Lasker HR (2015) Differential distribution of octocorals and scleractinians around St. John and St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands. Hydrobiologia. doi: 10.1007/s10750-015-2555-zoctocoral - sp. abundance and distributionDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2015    Lenz EA, Bramanti L, Lasker HR, Edmunds PJ. Long-term variation of octocoral populations in St. John, US Virgin Islands. Coral Reefs DOI 10.1007/s00338-015-1315-xoctocoral survey - densitiesoctocoral counts - photoquadrats vs. insitu surveyoctocoral literature reviewDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2015   Privitera-Johnson, K., et al., Density-associated recruitment in octocoral communities in St. John, US Virgin Islands, J.Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. DOI 10.1016/j.jembe.2015.08.006octocoral recruitmentDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2014    Edmunds PJ. Landscape-scale variation in coral reef community structure in the United States Virgin Islands. Marine Ecology Progress Series 509: 137–152. DOI 10.3354/meps10891. Data at MCR-VINP. Download complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2014    Edmunds PJ, Nozawa Y, Villanueva RD.  Refuges modulate coral recruitment in the Caribbean and Pacific.  Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 454: 78-84. DOI: 10.1016/j.jembe.2014.02.00 Data at MCR-VINP.Download complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2014    Edmunds PJ, Gray SC.  The effects of storms, heavy rain, and sedimentation on the shallow coral reefs of St. John, US Virgin Islands.  Hydrobiologia 734(1):143-148. Data at MCR-VINP.Download complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2014    Levitan, D, Edmunds PJ, Levitan K. What makes a species common? No evidence of density-dependent recruitment or mortality of the sea urchin Diadema antillarum after the 1983-1984 mass mortality.  Oecologia. DOI 10.1007/s00442-013-2871-9. Data at MCR-VINP.Download complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2014    Lenz EA, Brown D, Didden C, Arnold A, Edmunds PJ.  The distribution of hermit crabs and their gastropod shells on shallow reefs in St. John, US Virgin Islands.  Bulletin of Marine Science 90(2):681-692. https://dx.doi.org/10.5343/bms.2013.1049 Data at MCR-VINP.Download complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2013    Edmunds PJ.  Decadal-scale changes in the community structure of coral reefs in St. John, US Virgin Islands.  Marine Ecology Progress Series 489: 107-123. Data at MCR-VINP.Download complete data for this publication (zipped Excel files) 2013    Brown D, Edmunds PJ.  Long-term changes in the population dynamics of the Caribbean hydrocoral Millepora spp.  J. Exp Mar Biol Ecol 441: 62-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jembe.2013.01.013Millepora colony sizeMillepora cover - temps - storms 1992-2008Millepora cover 1992-2008seawater temperature USVI 1992-2008storms USVI 1992-2008Download complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2012    Brown D, Edmunds PJ. The hermit crab Calcinus tibicen lives commensally on Millepora spp. in St. John, United States Virgin Islands.  Coral Reefs 32: 127-135. doi: 10.1007/s00338-012-0948-2crab abundance and coral sizecrab displacement behaviorcrab nocturnal surveyscrab predator avoidanceDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2011    Green DH, Edmunds PJ.  Spatio-temporal variability of coral recruitment on shallow reefs in St. John, US Virgin Islands.  Journal of Experimenal Marine Biology and Ecology 397: 220-229. Data at MCR-VINP.Download complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2011    Colvard NB, Edmunds PJ. (2011) Decadal-scale changes in invertebrate abundances on a Caribbean coral reef.  Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 397(2): 153-160. doi: 10.1016/j.jembe.2010.11.015benthic invert codesinverts - Tektite and Yawzi Ptinverts - pooledDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_end_date	String	2014-04
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_geolocation	String	St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands; California State University Northridge
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_name	String	LTREB Long-term coral reef community dynamics in St. John, USVI: 1987-2019
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_project_nid	String	2272
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_project_website	String	http://coralreefs.csun.edu/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_start_date	String	2009-05
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_acronym	String	VI Octocorals
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_description	String	The recent past has not been good for coral reefs, and journals have been filled with examples of declining coral cover, crashing fish populations, rising cover of macroalgae, and a future potentially filled with slime. However, reefs are more than the corals and fishes for which they are known best, and their biodiversity is affected strongly by other groups of organisms. The non-coral fauna of reefs is being neglected in the rush to evaluate the loss of corals and fishes, and this project will add on to an on-going long term ecological study by studying soft corals. This project will be focused on the ecology of soft corals on reefs in St. John, USVI to understand the Past, Present and the Future community structure of soft corals in a changing world. For the Past, the principal investigators will complete a retrospective analysis of octocoral abundance in St. John between 1992 and the present, as well as Caribbean-wide since the 1960's. For the Present, they will: (i) evaluate spatio-temporal changes between soft corals and corals, (ii) test for the role of competition with macroalgae and between soft corals and corals as processes driving the rising abundance of soft corals, and (iii) explore the role of soft corals as "animal forests" in modifying physical conditions beneath their canopy, thereby modulating recruitment dynamics. For the Future the project will conduct demographic analyses on key soft corals to evaluate annual variation in population processes and project populations into a future impacted by global climate change. This project was funded to provide and independent "overlay" to the ongoing LTREB award (DEB-1350146, co-funded by OCE, PI Edmunds) focused on the long-term dynamics of coral reefs in St. John. Note: This project is closely associated with the project "RAPID: Resilience of Caribbean octocorals following Hurricanes Irma and Maria". See: https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/749653. The following publications and data resulted from this project: 2017 Tsounis, G., and P. J. Edmunds. Three decades of coral reef community dynamics in St. John, USVI: a contrast of scleractinians and octocorals. Ecosphere 8(1):e01646. DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1646Rainfall and temperature dataCoral and macroalgae abundance and distributionDescriptions of hurricanes affecting St. John 2016 Gambrel, B. and Lasker, H.R. Marine Ecology Progress Series 546: 85–95, DOI: 10.3354/meps11670Colony to colony interactionsEunicea flexuosa interactionsGorgonia ventalina asymmetryNearest neighbor surveys 2015 Lenz EA, Bramanti L, Lasker HR, Edmunds PJ. Long-term variation of octocoral populations in St. John, US Virgin Islands. Coral Reefs DOI 10.1007/s00338-015-1315-xoctocoral survey - densitiesoctocoral counts - photoquadrats vs. insitu surveyoctocoral literature reviewDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2015 Privitera-Johnson, K., et al., Density-associated recruitment in octocoral communities in St. John, US Virgin Islands, J.Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. DOI: 10.1016/j.jembe.2015.08.006octocoral density dependenceDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file) Other datasets related to this project:octocoral transects - adult colony height
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_end_date	String	2016-08
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_geolocation	String	St. John, US Virgin Islands: 18.3185, 64.7242
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_name	String	Ecology and functional biology of octocoral communities
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_project_nid	String	562086
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_project_website	String	http://coralreefs.csun.edu/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_start_date	String	2013-09
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_name	String	Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	sourceUrl	String	(local files)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	standard_name_vocabulary	String	CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	summary	String	Names and descriptions of hurricanes near St. John USVI.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	title	String	[Descriptions of hurricanes affecting St. John] - Storm record from St. John, USVI in 1987–2011 (St. John LTREB project, VI Octocorals project). (LTREB Long-term coral reef community dynamics in St. John, USVI: 1987-2019)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	version	String	1
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	xml_source	String	osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable	year		short
attribute	year	_FillValue	short	32767
attribute	year	actual_range	short	1987, 2011
attribute	year	bcodmo_name	String	year
attribute	year	description	String	Year of hurricane; YYYY
attribute	year	long_name	String	Year
attribute	year	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/YEARXXXX/
attribute	year	units	String	unitless
variable	hurricane_name		String
attribute	hurricane_name	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	hurricane_name	description	String	Name of hurricane
attribute	hurricane_name	long_name	String	Hurricane Name
attribute	hurricane_name	units	String	unitless
variable	distance		short
attribute	distance	_FillValue	short	32767
attribute	distance	actual_range	short	10, 395
attribute	distance	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	distance	description	String	Distance of the closest recorded point to Lameshur Bay based on NOAAs every-6-hour data recording
attribute	distance	long_name	String	Distance
attribute	distance	units	String	kilometers
variable	wind		short
attribute	wind	_FillValue	short	32767
attribute	wind	actual_range	short	40, 150
attribute	wind	bcodmo_name	String	wind_speed
attribute	wind	description	String	Windspeed of the sustained winds for the data point at which the storm made its closest pass to Lameshur Bay
attribute	wind	long_name	String	Wind
attribute	wind	units	String	miles per hour
variable	interp_distance		float
attribute	interp_distance	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	interp_distance	actual_range	float	8.5, 392.9
attribute	interp_distance	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	interp_distance	description	String	Distance of the closest approach to Lameshur Bay based on linearly interpolating the storm track between NOAAs data points
attribute	interp_distance	long_name	String	Interp Distance
attribute	interp_distance	units	String	kilometers
variable	interp_wind		float
attribute	interp_wind	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	interp_wind	actual_range	float	40.0, 151.88
attribute	interp_wind	bcodmo_name	String	wind_speed
attribute	interp_wind	description	String	Windspeed of the sustained winds at the point of closest approach to Lameshur Bay, based on linearly interpolating the wind speed from NOAAs measurements
attribute	interp_wind	long_name	String	Interp Wind
attribute	interp_wind	units	String	kilometers
variable	interp_date		float
attribute	interp_date	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	interp_date	actual_range	float	189.71, 345.0
attribute	interp_date	bcodmo_name	String	yrday
attribute	interp_date	description	String	Julian date of the closest approach linearly interpolated
attribute	interp_date	long_name	String	Interp Date
attribute	interp_date	units	String	unitless
variable	lameshur_wind		float
attribute	lameshur_wind	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	lameshur_wind	actual_range	float	0.17, 70.1
attribute	lameshur_wind	bcodmo_name	String	wind_speed
attribute	lameshur_wind	description	String	Windspeed at Lameshur Bay at the moment of closest approach based on an exponential decay function for windspeed with increasing distance from the storm center and a decay rate of 0.016 km^-1 as reported in PJEs Millepora paper
attribute	lameshur_wind	long_name	String	Lameshur Wind
attribute	lameshur_wind	units	String	miles per hour
variable	hurricaneSeverityIndex		float
attribute	hurricaneSeverityIndex	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	hurricaneSeverityIndex	actual_range	float	0.0, 1.0
attribute	hurricaneSeverityIndex	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	hurricaneSeverityIndex	description	String	Major (=1) / minor (=0.5) storm classification based on lines 262-271 of Pete Emunds draft 25y of change manuscript. (Note that corresponding text was cut from the final version of the publication.)
attribute	hurricaneSeverityIndex	long_name	String	Hurricane Severity Index
attribute	hurricaneSeverityIndex	units	String	unitless

The information in the table above is also available in other file formats (.csv, .htmlTable, .itx, .json, .jsonlCSV1, .jsonlCSV, .jsonlKVP, .mat, .nc, .nccsv, .tsv, .xhtml) via a RESTful web service.