ERDDAP > info > bcodmo_dataset_735137

Grid DAP Data	Sub- set	Table DAP Data	Make A Graph	W M S	Source Data Files	Acces- sible	Title	Sum- mary	ISO, Metadata	Back- ground Info	RSS	E mail	Institution	Dataset ID
	set	data	graph		files	public	Location, abundance, and size of various octocoral species in St. John, USVI from 2014 to 2015.		I   M	background			BCO-DMO	bcodmo_dataset_735137

The Dataset's Variables and Attributes

Row Type	Variable Name	Attribute Name	Data Type	Value
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	access_formats	String	.htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	acquisition_description	String	Methodology from Tsounis, G., Edmunds, P.J., Bramanti, L. et al. Mar Biol (2018) 165: 29. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-018-3286-2](\\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-018-3286-2\\") Surveys were conducted at East Cabritte and Europa Bay (Fig. 1) in July and August 2014, and March 2015. The sites represent contrasting exposure regimes, suggested by the exposure of East Cabritte to prevailing winds and swells, and the shelter of Europa Bay in the lee of Cabritte Horn. Measurements of physical environmental conditions (described below) were used to quantify these differences. At each site, a 50 \u00d7 10 m study area was haphazardly established, within which aspects of the biota and the physical environment were measured. The long axes of the areas were parallel to the shore and ranged from 7.5- to 9.0-m depth at East Cabritte, and from 5.6- to 8.0-m depth at Europa Bay, and the short axes were perpendicular to the shore and crossed a depth gradient of 5.6\u20137.2 m at Europa Bay, and 7.5\u20139.0 m at East Cabritte. The depth ranges of the study sites differed, because the reef at Europa did not extend into deeper water, while the reef at East Cabritte markedly steepened above 7 m. Five, 10-m transects were equally spaced along, and perpendicular to, the long axis of each study area. Octocoral community structure was compared between sites using octocoral diversity, size, and density in both multivariate and univariate statistics frameworks. Physical environmental condition Environmental conditions at each site were characterized in the summer of 2014 and the winter of 2014\u20132015 through measurements of water motion, benthic rugosity, sedimentation, and light intensity. Water motion was characterized using two methods, first, using the wave climate recorded by an NOAA buoy moored 7.8 km from the study site (CariCOOS Data Buoy C at Mooring VI-105), and second, through direct measurements of integrated water motion using clod cards (Doty 1971). Hourly wave direction (degrees relative to north) from March 15th 2011, 17:00 h to March 2nd 2015, 21:00 h was obtained from the NOAA buoy VI-105 ([https://www.caricoos.org/drupal/virgin_islands](\\"https://www.caricoos.org/drupal/virgin_islands\\")), with measurements averaged by hour from a sampling frequency of 2 Hz in 17 min bursts. To obtain hourly averages, a varying number of records were averaged depending on the coincidence of the 17-min sampling bursts with the 60-min averaging period. Using hourly averages, the proportion of time (i.e., percentages based on number of hours) when waves directly impacted each site was calculated based on the direction from which the waves originated. The two sites were impacted by waves originating from dissimilar, but partially overlapping directions, because the sites differed in orientation and location along the shore relative to the southerly projection of Cabritte Horn (Fig. 1). Europa Bay is exposed to waves from 135\u00b0 to 250\u00b0, and East Cabritte to waves from 60\u00b0 to 135\u00b0. To capture these effects, the number of hours describing mean wave directions corresponding to each of these directional bins was quantified, without considering wave refraction around Cabritte Horn. Wave height was not evaluated using data from this buoy, as its distance from our study sites made estimates of wave height unreliable. Integrated water motion was measured in situ using clod cards (Doty 1971) that were prepared in a single batch for each deployment, dried to a constant weight at 50 \u00b0C, and weighed prior to use. Clod cards had similar initial weights [128 \u00b1 2 g (mean \u00b1 SE, n = 78)], and were deployed in July and August 2014, and March 2015, and assigned to each site in a paired design (two clods per site). Clods were secured for 24\u201348 h to posts ~ 30 cm above the benthos at 9-m depth adjacent to, but outside of, the octocoral canopy. Following deployment, clods were dried to a constant weight at 50 \u00b0C, and integrated water motion was evaluated from the dissolution of plaster in units of g day\u22121. Sedimentation was measured with sediment traps in two deployments for 8 and 9 days in 2014 (to begin a new measurement when a storm at the end of the first deployment saturated the traps), and in a single deployment for 12 day in 2015. Both sites were monitored simultaneously. The traps consisted of PVC tubes (20 \u00d7 5 cm ID) that were deployed 60 cm above the benthos (Edmunds and Gray 2014). Traps were capped in situ, returned to the lab, and filtered through pre-weighed filters (Whatman #113). Filters and sediment were rinsed with freshwater to remove salt, dried to a constant weight at 50 \u00b0C, and weighed (\u00b1 1 mg). Sedimentation was normalized by catchment area of the traps, and time (mg cm\u22122 day\u22121). In situ light intensity was measured using two integrating submersible light meters (JFE-Advantech Compact-LW) fitted with a cosine-corrected collector sensitive to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, 400\u2013700 nm) and a wiper blade that cleaned the collector prior to each measurement. The meters were deployed in a paired design at the two sites for 8 days in 2014 (August 10\u201315th and August 18\u201319th) and 8 days in 2015 (March 3\u201313th). Each meter was attached to a post at 9-m depth adjacent to the octocoral community, but ~ 5 m from the nearest octocoral colony to avoid shading. Light intensity was recorded at 0.033 Hz, and data were used to generate two dependent variables, one recording the maximum daily intensity (\u03bcmol m\u22122 s\u22121) and the other recording the intensity integrated over each 24-h period (units of mol m\u22122 day\u22121). Benthic rugosity was determined along the five transects at each study plot using a light chain (10-mm links) which was laid along each transect to conform to the reef surface. Rugosity was calculated as the quotient of the linear distance and the conformed length of the chain (Luckhurst and Luckhurst 1978). The hypothesis that the sites differed in environmental parameters was tested with univariate ANOVA using R (R Development Core Team 2008). Sediment traps and clods cards were not deployed at both sites in synchronous deployments due to logistical constraints, and these data were compared between sites and times using a two way, Model I ANOVA. Light intensity differs among days, and, therefore, was compared between sites using a within-subject design in the aov function in R, accounting for variation over time by considering deployment day as a blocking factor. Substratum rugosity was compared between sites using one-way ANOVA. In all cases, the ANOVA assumptions of normality and homoscedasticity were tested through graphical analyses of residuals. Octocoral community structure Species richness: Octocoral species richness was compared between sites based on 50 quadrats (1 \u00d7 1 m) that were sequentially placed along the five, 10 m transects that crossed the short axis of the study plots, and censused for octocoral presence. Surveys began in July and August 2014, and were concluded in February and March 2015 (i.e., two field trips were required). Octocoral diversity was determined using Pielou\u2019s Evenness Index (J\u00b4) (Pielou 1966), and the Shannon\u2013Wiener Diversity index, H\u00b4 (Shannon 1948). This study considered adult octocorals, and excluded recruits (i.e., colonies \u2264 5 cm tall [HR Lasker, unpublished data]) from the surveys. However colonies \u2264 5 cm were censused if it was obvious that they had been larger adults that were reduced in size by predators. Octocorals were identified to the lowest taxonomic-level possible, as determined through voucher samples that were microscopically inspected for sclerites (after Bayer 1961). Preliminary sampling revealed 10 genera and 35 species at the two sites, but a small number (< 1.6%, n = 1290 colonies) could not be identified to species and were scored by genus (mostly Eunicea and Pseudoplexaura). Initial work indicated 39 nominal species (Edmunds and Lasker 2016), though subsequent analysis refined the species count to 35 (this study). We do, however, highlight the fact that the distinctions between Pseudoplexaura wagenaari and P. flagellosa, those between Plexaurella dichotoma and P. fusifera and and those between Eunicea laxispica, Eunicea mammosa and Eunicea succinea are difficult to make, especially in the field. For this study, we opted to distinguish between these species in our analyses, based on the best information available (spicule analysis), but acknowledge that this might not always be feasible in future studies, where pooling these pairs will facilitate consistent long-term data series analyses using multiple observers. Rarefaction curves (sensu Coleman et al. 1982) were used to evaluate the efficacy of the sampling regime (i.e., number of 1 m2 quadrats) in quantifying octocoral species abundance. At each site, the number of species as a function of sample size (number of quadrats) was analyzed using the specaccum option in the vegan package (version 2.3.2) for R [R Development Core Team 2008 (Oksanen et al. 2015)], and species abundance was evaluated by the asymptote of the curves against sample size. Colony abundance: To compare community structure of octocoral colonies between sites, we randomly subsampled 32 of the 50 quadrats (each 1 \u00d7 1 m) along the transects (described above) to remove the biases associated with uniform sampling (Sokal and Rohlf 1995). Densities (colonies m\u22122) by species were log(x) transformed and used to compute Bray\u2013Curtis dissimilarity indices after applying a dummy value (+ 1) to account for paired observations of zero (Clarke et al. 2006). Dissimilarity indices were compared between sites using a one factor PERMANOVA with 999 permutations. Dissimilarity indices were produced using the vegdist function, and PERMANOVA was performed using the ADONIS function, both in the vegan package (version 2.3.2) for R [R Development Core Team 2008 (Oksanen et al. 2015)]. A similarity percentage analysis (SIMPER, Clarke 1993) was performed using the simper function in the vegan package (version 2.3.2) for R, and used to assess the contribution of individual species to the total dissimilarity between sites. Spatial variation in multivariate community structure was visualized using ordination plots generated by non-metric dimensional scaling (NMDS) that were based on Bray\u2013Curtis dissimilarities (using the Vegan package in R). Colony size: The colony size\u2013frequency distributions of the three most common octocorals that could be identified in the field (Antillogorgia americana, Eunicea flexuosa, and Gorgonia ventalina) were compared between sites. Colony heights were surveyed using 1-m-wide belt transects placed along the five transects dividing the study plots. Colonies were measured as encountered within these survey areas, with the objective of measuring 75\u2013100 colonies of each species for each size class at each site. When too few colonies were found to meet the target sample size, additional non-overlapping belt transects were censused within the study plot to reach the target number of colonies. To test for differences in colony sizes for the three species between sites, one-way PERMANOVA with 999 permutations were performed (Anderson 2001) using the Adonis function in the vegan package (version 2.3.2) for the R software [R Development Core Team 2008 (Oksanen et al. 2015)]. Two- sample Kolmogorov\u2013Smirnov tests using the R software were performed to compare the complete size\u2013frequency distributions for each species between sites. Community structure resolved by genus versus by species: To evaluate the effect of taxonomic resolution on the differences in community structure detected between sites, multivariate analyses were conducted with genus- and species resolution, and the contribution of each genus or species (respectively) to total dissimilarity between sites was resolved using SIMPER.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_nid	String	562085
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_number	String	OCE-1332915
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_data_url	String	http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1332915
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funder_name	String	NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_acronym	String	NSF OCE
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_source_nid	String	355
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_program_manager	String	David L. Garrison
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_program_manager_nid	String	50534
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	cdm_data_type	String	Other
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	comment	String	Octocoral Transects P. Edmunds, PI Version 5 September 2018
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Conventions	String	COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_email	String	info at bco-dmo.org
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_name	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_url	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	data_source	String	extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_created	String	2018-05-04T19:21:40Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_modified	String	2019-03-26T19:13:20Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	defaultDataQuery	String	&amp;time&lt;now
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	doi	String	10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.735137.1
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Easternmost_Easting	double	-64.718817
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_max	double	18.316717
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_min	double	18.309183
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_units	String	degrees_north
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_max	double	-64.718817
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_min	double	-64.729933
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_units	String	degrees_east
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	infoUrl	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/735137
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	institution	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	keywords	String	bco, bco-dmo, biological, chemical, code, data, dataset, date, dmo, erddap, field, field_code, height, latitude, longitude, management, oceanography, office, pos, preliminary, side, site, species, time, transect, transect_m, transect_pos, transect_side
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	license	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/735137/license
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	metadata_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/735137
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Northernmost_Northing	double	18.316717
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	param_mapping	String	{'735137': {'lat': 'master - latitude', 'lon': 'master - longitude'}}
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	parameter_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/735137/parameters
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_affiliation	String	California State University Northridge
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_affiliation_acronym	String	CSU-Northridge
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_name	String	Peter J. Edmunds
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_nid	String	51536
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role	String	Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_affiliation	String	State University of New York at Buffalo
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_affiliation_acronym	String	SUNY Buffalo
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_name	String	Howard Lasker
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_nid	String	562092
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role	String	Co-Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_affiliation	String	California State University Northridge
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_affiliation_acronym	String	CSU-Northridge
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_person_name	String	Dr Georgios Tsounis
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_person_nid	String	565353
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_role	String	Contact
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_role_type	String	related
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_affiliation	String	Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_affiliation_acronym	String	WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_person_name	String	Hannah Ake
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_person_nid	String	650173
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_role	String	BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_role_type	String	related
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	project	String	St. John LTREB,VI Octocorals
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_acronym	String	St. John LTREB
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_description	String	Long Term Research in Environmental Biology (LTREB) in US Virgin Islands: From the NSF award abstract: In an era of growing human pressures on natural resources, there is a critical need to understand how major ecosystems will respond, the extent to which resource management can lessen the implications of these responses, and the likely state of these ecosystems in the future. Time-series analyses of community structure provide a vital tool in meeting these needs and promise a profound understanding of community change. This study focuses on coral reef ecosystems; an existing time-series analysis of the coral community structure on the reefs of St. John, US Virgin Islands, will be expanded to 27 years of continuous data in annual increments. Expansion of the core time-series data will be used to address five questions: (1) To what extent is the ecology at a small spatial scale (1-2 km) representative of regional scale events (10's of km)? (2) What are the effects of declining coral cover in modifying the genetic population structure of the coral host and its algal symbionts? (3) What are the roles of pre- versus post-settlement events in determining the population dynamics of small corals? (4) What role do physical forcing agents (other than temperature) play in driving the population dynamics of juvenile corals? and (5) How are populations of other, non-coral invertebrates responding to decadal-scale declines in coral cover? Ecological methods identical to those used over the last two decades will be supplemented by molecular genetic tools to understand the extent to which declining coral cover is affecting the genetic diversity of the corals remaining. An information management program will be implemented to create broad access by the scientific community to the entire data set. The importance of this study lies in the extreme longevity of the data describing coral reefs in a unique ecological context, and the immense potential that these data possess for understanding both the patterns of comprehensive community change (i.e., involving corals, other invertebrates, and genetic diversity), and the processes driving them. Importantly, as this project is closely integrated with resource management within the VI National Park, as well as larger efforts to study coral reefs in the US through the NSF Moorea Coral Reef LTER, it has a strong potential to have scientific and management implications that extend further than the location of the study. The following publications and data resulted from this project: 2015    Edmunds PJ, Tsounis G, Lasker HR (2015) Differential distribution of octocorals and scleractinians around St. John and St. Thomas, US Virgin Islands. Hydrobiologia. doi: 10.1007/s10750-015-2555-zoctocoral - sp. abundance and distributionDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2015    Lenz EA, Bramanti L, Lasker HR, Edmunds PJ. Long-term variation of octocoral populations in St. John, US Virgin Islands. Coral Reefs DOI 10.1007/s00338-015-1315-xoctocoral survey - densitiesoctocoral counts - photoquadrats vs. insitu surveyoctocoral literature reviewDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2015   Privitera-Johnson, K., et al., Density-associated recruitment in octocoral communities in St. John, US Virgin Islands, J.Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. DOI 10.1016/j.jembe.2015.08.006octocoral recruitmentDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2014    Edmunds PJ. Landscape-scale variation in coral reef community structure in the United States Virgin Islands. Marine Ecology Progress Series 509: 137–152. DOI 10.3354/meps10891. Data at MCR-VINP. Download complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2014    Edmunds PJ, Nozawa Y, Villanueva RD.  Refuges modulate coral recruitment in the Caribbean and Pacific.  Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 454: 78-84. DOI: 10.1016/j.jembe.2014.02.00 Data at MCR-VINP.Download complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2014    Edmunds PJ, Gray SC.  The effects of storms, heavy rain, and sedimentation on the shallow coral reefs of St. John, US Virgin Islands.  Hydrobiologia 734(1):143-148. Data at MCR-VINP.Download complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2014    Levitan, D, Edmunds PJ, Levitan K. What makes a species common? No evidence of density-dependent recruitment or mortality of the sea urchin Diadema antillarum after the 1983-1984 mass mortality.  Oecologia. DOI 10.1007/s00442-013-2871-9. Data at MCR-VINP.Download complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2014    Lenz EA, Brown D, Didden C, Arnold A, Edmunds PJ.  The distribution of hermit crabs and their gastropod shells on shallow reefs in St. John, US Virgin Islands.  Bulletin of Marine Science 90(2):681-692. https://dx.doi.org/10.5343/bms.2013.1049 Data at MCR-VINP.Download complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2013    Edmunds PJ.  Decadal-scale changes in the community structure of coral reefs in St. John, US Virgin Islands.  Marine Ecology Progress Series 489: 107-123. Data at MCR-VINP.Download complete data for this publication (zipped Excel files) 2013    Brown D, Edmunds PJ.  Long-term changes in the population dynamics of the Caribbean hydrocoral Millepora spp.  J. Exp Mar Biol Ecol 441: 62-70. doi: 10.1016/j.jembe.2013.01.013Millepora colony sizeMillepora cover - temps - storms 1992-2008Millepora cover 1992-2008seawater temperature USVI 1992-2008storms USVI 1992-2008Download complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2012    Brown D, Edmunds PJ. The hermit crab Calcinus tibicen lives commensally on Millepora spp. in St. John, United States Virgin Islands.  Coral Reefs 32: 127-135. doi: 10.1007/s00338-012-0948-2crab abundance and coral sizecrab displacement behaviorcrab nocturnal surveyscrab predator avoidanceDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2011    Green DH, Edmunds PJ.  Spatio-temporal variability of coral recruitment on shallow reefs in St. John, US Virgin Islands.  Journal of Experimenal Marine Biology and Ecology 397: 220-229. Data at MCR-VINP.Download complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2011    Colvard NB, Edmunds PJ. (2011) Decadal-scale changes in invertebrate abundances on a Caribbean coral reef.  Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. 397(2): 153-160. doi: 10.1016/j.jembe.2010.11.015benthic invert codesinverts - Tektite and Yawzi Ptinverts - pooledDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_end_date	String	2014-04
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_geolocation	String	St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands; California State University Northridge
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_name	String	LTREB Long-term coral reef community dynamics in St. John, USVI: 1987-2019
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_project_nid	String	2272
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_project_website	String	http://coralreefs.csun.edu/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_start_date	String	2009-05
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_acronym	String	VI Octocorals
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_description	String	The recent past has not been good for coral reefs, and journals have been filled with examples of declining coral cover, crashing fish populations, rising cover of macroalgae, and a future potentially filled with slime. However, reefs are more than the corals and fishes for which they are known best, and their biodiversity is affected strongly by other groups of organisms. The non-coral fauna of reefs is being neglected in the rush to evaluate the loss of corals and fishes, and this project will add on to an on-going long term ecological study by studying soft corals. This project will be focused on the ecology of soft corals on reefs in St. John, USVI to understand the Past, Present and the Future community structure of soft corals in a changing world. For the Past, the principal investigators will complete a retrospective analysis of octocoral abundance in St. John between 1992 and the present, as well as Caribbean-wide since the 1960's. For the Present, they will: (i) evaluate spatio-temporal changes between soft corals and corals, (ii) test for the role of competition with macroalgae and between soft corals and corals as processes driving the rising abundance of soft corals, and (iii) explore the role of soft corals as "animal forests" in modifying physical conditions beneath their canopy, thereby modulating recruitment dynamics. For the Future the project will conduct demographic analyses on key soft corals to evaluate annual variation in population processes and project populations into a future impacted by global climate change. This project was funded to provide and independent "overlay" to the ongoing LTREB award (DEB-1350146, co-funded by OCE, PI Edmunds) focused on the long-term dynamics of coral reefs in St. John. Note: This project is closely associated with the project "RAPID: Resilience of Caribbean octocorals following Hurricanes Irma and Maria". See: https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/749653. The following publications and data resulted from this project: 2017 Tsounis, G., and P. J. Edmunds. Three decades of coral reef community dynamics in St. John, USVI: a contrast of scleractinians and octocorals. Ecosphere 8(1):e01646. DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1646Rainfall and temperature dataCoral and macroalgae abundance and distributionDescriptions of hurricanes affecting St. John 2016 Gambrel, B. and Lasker, H.R. Marine Ecology Progress Series 546: 85–95, DOI: 10.3354/meps11670Colony to colony interactionsEunicea flexuosa interactionsGorgonia ventalina asymmetryNearest neighbor surveys 2015 Lenz EA, Bramanti L, Lasker HR, Edmunds PJ. Long-term variation of octocoral populations in St. John, US Virgin Islands. Coral Reefs DOI 10.1007/s00338-015-1315-xoctocoral survey - densitiesoctocoral counts - photoquadrats vs. insitu surveyoctocoral literature reviewDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file) 2015 Privitera-Johnson, K., et al., Density-associated recruitment in octocoral communities in St. John, US Virgin Islands, J.Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. DOI: 10.1016/j.jembe.2015.08.006octocoral density dependenceDownload complete data for this publication (Excel file) Other datasets related to this project:octocoral transects - adult colony height
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_end_date	String	2016-08
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_geolocation	String	St. John, US Virgin Islands: 18.3185, 64.7242
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_name	String	Ecology and functional biology of octocoral communities
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_project_nid	String	562086
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_project_website	String	http://coralreefs.csun.edu/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_start_date	String	2013-09
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_name	String	Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	sourceUrl	String	(local files)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Southernmost_Northing	double	18.309183
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	standard_name_vocabulary	String	CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	subsetVariables	String	transect_side
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	summary	String	Location, abundance, and size of various octocoral species in St. John, USVI from 2014 to 2015.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	title	String	Location, abundance, and size of various octocoral species in St. John, USVI from 2014 to 2015.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	version	String	1
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Westernmost_Easting	double	-64.729933
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	xml_source	String	osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable	site		String
attribute	site	bcodmo_name	String	site
attribute	site	description	String	Study site
attribute	site	long_name	String	Site
attribute	site	units	String	unitless
variable	latitude		double
attribute	latitude	_CoordinateAxisType	String	Lat
attribute	latitude	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	latitude	actual_range	double	18.309183, 18.316717
attribute	latitude	axis	String	Y
attribute	latitude	bcodmo_name	String	latitude
attribute	latitude	colorBarMaximum	double	90.0
attribute	latitude	colorBarMinimum	double	-90.0
attribute	latitude	description	String	Latitude
attribute	latitude	ioos_category	String	Location
attribute	latitude	long_name	String	Latitude
attribute	latitude	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LATX/
attribute	latitude	standard_name	String	latitude
attribute	latitude	units	String	degrees_north
variable	longitude		double
attribute	longitude	_CoordinateAxisType	String	Lon
attribute	longitude	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	longitude	actual_range	double	-64.729933, -64.718817
attribute	longitude	axis	String	X
attribute	longitude	bcodmo_name	String	longitude
attribute	longitude	colorBarMaximum	double	180.0
attribute	longitude	colorBarMinimum	double	-180.0
attribute	longitude	description	String	Longitude
attribute	longitude	ioos_category	String	Location
attribute	longitude	long_name	String	Longitude
attribute	longitude	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LONX/
attribute	longitude	standard_name	String	longitude
attribute	longitude	units	String	degrees_east
variable	date		String
attribute	date	bcodmo_name	String	date
attribute	date	description	String	Date
attribute	date	long_name	String	Date
attribute	date	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ADATAA01/
attribute	date	source_name	String	date
attribute	date	time_precision	String	1970-01-01
attribute	date	units	String	unitless
variable	transect_pos		String
attribute	transect_pos	bcodmo_name	String	transect
attribute	transect_pos	description	String	Transect position; referring to the position within a 50x10m sampling area divided by 6 transects (0m; 10m; 20m; 30m; 40m; 50m) or random.
attribute	transect_pos	long_name	String	Transect Pos
attribute	transect_pos	units	String	unitless
variable	field_code		String
attribute	field_code	bcodmo_name	String	sample
attribute	field_code	description	String	Field code for octocoral species
attribute	field_code	long_name	String	Field Code
attribute	field_code	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/ACYC/
attribute	field_code	units	String	unitless
variable	species		String
attribute	species	bcodmo_name	String	species
attribute	species	description	String	Octocoral species
attribute	species	long_name	String	Species
attribute	species	units	String	unitless
variable	transect_side		String
attribute	transect_side	bcodmo_name	String	transect
attribute	transect_side	description	String	L= left side of transect line; R= right side of the transect line (orientation towards the nearest coast)
attribute	transect_side	long_name	String	Transect Side
attribute	transect_side	units	String	unitless
variable	transect_m		byte
attribute	transect_m	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	transect_m	actual_range	byte	0, 10
attribute	transect_m	bcodmo_name	String	transect
attribute	transect_m	description	String	Distance in meters along the transect line starting opposite of the shore side
attribute	transect_m	long_name	String	Transect M
attribute	transect_m	units	String	meters
variable	height		byte
attribute	height	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	height	actual_range	byte	0, 118
attribute	height	bcodmo_name	String	height
attribute	height	description	String	Height in cm of cotcoroal colonies measured from the base to the farthest tips
attribute	height	long_name	String	Height
attribute	height	units	String	centimeters

The information in the table above is also available in other file formats (.csv, .htmlTable, .itx, .json, .jsonlCSV1, .jsonlCSV, .jsonlKVP, .mat, .nc, .nccsv, .tsv, .xhtml) via a RESTful web service.