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   set  data   graph     files  public [octocoral] - Octocoral species abundance during transect surveys at four sites on the south
shore of St. John, US Virgin Islands from November to December 2017 (RAPID: Resilience of
Caribbean octocorals following Hurricanes Irma and Maria)
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The Dataset's Variables and Attributes

Row Type Variable Name Attribute Name Data Type Value
attribute NC_GLOBAL access_formats String .htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson
attribute NC_GLOBAL acquisition_description String Survey design:
All sites were located at 6 to 9 meters depth.\u00a0

Censuses at East Cabritte, Europa and Tektite were based on 50x10m areas that
were arbitrarily selected and permanently marked with stainless steel eyebolts
at the corners of the sites.\u00a0 A total of six transect lines, also marked
with eyebolts, were laid out at 10 m intervals. All octocorals present in 1 x
1 m quadrats along the 10-meter long transects were scored. In 2014 ten
quadrats were surveyed along each line.\u00a0 In 2015 and 2016 ten quadrats
were scored along each transect line at Europa and Tektite and five randomly
chosen quadrats were surveyed at East Cabritte.\u00a0 The transect identifier
\"transect_pos\" has values 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 which represent position
in meters within the 50x10 survey area corresponding to each of the 6
transects (e.g. 20 = 20m).\u00a0\u00a0

The census at Booby Rock was conducted in a single day in which 2 transects
were randomly placed along a 50 m line that was arbitrarily placed on a
constant depth contour.\u00a0 Only 4 1x1 m quadrats were surveyed along each
transect. The transect identifier (transect_pos) for transects at Booby Rock
refers to position along the 50 m line.

Sampling methods:
Identifications were based on traits visible in the field, and samples of
representative colonies were collected for further analysis in cases in which
field identification was uncertain.\u00a0 Sclerites from those samples were
examined for species identification.

Colony heights were measured as the maximum distance from the base of the
octocoral colony until the farthest tips of the branch (i.e. not necessarily
perpendicular to the substrate).\u00a0 All measures rounded to the nearest cm
with the exception of 5 cm which only includes colonies >= 5 cm.\u00a0
Starting in 2016, measures less than 5 cm reflect colonies with thick branches
which could only have <5 cm heights due to partial mortality.

Two height measures are present, height of living tissue, which only includes
that part of the axis with living tissue and total height which is the
distance from the base to the tip of the tallest branch regardless of whether
the tips or base had living tissue.\u00a0 (Only colonies with some living
tissue were measured).

Species names for field_codes in this dataset\u00a0can be found in the related
dataset: [https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/733063](\\"https://www.bco-
dmo.org/dataset/733063\\")

These data are a continuation of BCO-DMO project \"Ecology and functional
biology of octocoral communities\" ([http://www.bco-
dmo.org/project/562086](\\"https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/562086\\"))
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_nid String 749652
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_number String OCE-1801475
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_data_url String http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1801475 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funder_name String NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_acronym String NSF OCE
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_source_nid String 355
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager String Daniel Thornhill
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager_nid String 722161
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_data_type String Other
attribute NC_GLOBAL comment String Transect surveys of octocoral species abundance
PI: Howard Lasker
Version: 2018-11-10
attribute NC_GLOBAL Conventions String COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_email String info at bco-dmo.org
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_name String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_url String https://www.bco-dmo.org/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL data_source String extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_created String 2018-12-18T14:58:33Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_modified String 2019-11-04T20:08:16Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL defaultDataQuery String &amp;time&lt;now
attribute NC_GLOBAL doi String 10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.751176.1
attribute NC_GLOBAL Easternmost_Easting double -64.71043333
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_max double 18.31671667
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_min double 18.30293333
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_units String degrees_north
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_max double -64.71043333
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_min double -64.72993333
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_units String degrees_east
attribute NC_GLOBAL infoUrl String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/751176 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL institution String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords String bco, bco-dmo, biological, census, Census_Year, chemical, code, comments, Comments_1, Comments_2, data, dataset, date, dmo, erddap, genus, Genus_Species, height, Height_of_living_tissue, latitude, living, longitude, management, meter, Meter_on_transect, oceanography, office, position, preliminary, side, Side_of_transect, site, species, Species_code, tissue, total, Total_Height, transect, Transect_Position, year
attribute NC_GLOBAL license String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/751176/license (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL metadata_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/751176 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Northernmost_Northing double 18.31671667
attribute NC_GLOBAL param_mapping String {'751176': {'lat': 'flag - latitude', 'lon': 'flag - longitude'}}
attribute NC_GLOBAL parameter_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/751176/parameters (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation String State University of New York at Buffalo
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation_acronym String SUNY Buffalo
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_name String Howard Lasker
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_nid String 562092
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role String Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation String Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation_acronym String WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_name String Mathew Biddle
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_nid String 708682
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role String BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role_type String related
attribute NC_GLOBAL project String Octocorals and Hurricanes
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_acronym String Octocorals and Hurricanes
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_description String NSF Award Abstract:
Disturbance and subsequent recovery have been key factors in the dynamics of coral reef populations, but in the Caribbean, there has been a steady decline in the abundance of hard corals accompanied by increased abundance of algae. This characterization overlooks the observation that at some sites for which there are quantitative data, the abundances of octocorals (sea fans and sea plumes) have increased. Closer inspection of those data reveals that octocorals have also declined at times, but unlike hard corals, they recovered and are now more abundant in at least some locations than 30 years ago. The change in abundances of these organisms would appear to due to the greater resilience of octocorals. The damage inflicted by Hurricanes Irma and Maria on the south shore of St. John, U.S. Virgin Is. provides a window into these processes. Abundances of hard corals on these reefs have been monitored for the past 30 years and the octocorals have been followed for the past 4 years. Colonization of the newly opened space on the reef will be studied to determine if further shifts in abundances can be expected and to understand the basis for the greater resilience of octocoral populations. Characterizing the resilience of octocorals relative to hard corals will have implications for the fate of Caribbean reefs in a world subject of increasing levels of stress. This will be of importance to policy makers and managers, because hard corals and octocorals provide substantially different ecosystem services. In addition to its impact on our fundamental understanding of reef processes, the grant will support the training of graduate students.
Coral reefs have been recognized to be disturbance driven systems for over 50 years and disturbance has been considered to be important in maintaining diversity of reef communities. However, the past 30 years has been characterized by declines in the abundances of scleractinians, often associated with acute events such as hurricanes and bleaching events. A knowledge of the effects of disturbance and subsequent recovery that occurs during these events is critical to understanding the changes in reef structure that have occurred in the last 30 years. At sites for which there are data, changes in the relative abundance of scleractinians and octocorals appear to coincide with disturbance followed by octocoral recovery and a lack of scleractinian recovery. This change must reflect changes in larval supply, settlement, and/or survival, and those differences should be greatest following disturbance. The effects of Hurricanes Irma and Maria on the south shore of St. John provide the opportunity to characterize recruitment following disturbance and identify the processes that may limit successful recruitment on contemporary reefs. Data are already available on the abundance of octocoral and scleractinian species over the past 4 years, and annual censuses have provided data on octocoral recruitment and survival and species level characterizations of octocoral abundances. Recruitment and survival are also being related to spatial complexity of the habitat at the scale of mm and cm and the effects on hurricane driven changes in that spatial complexity will also be assessed. The frequency and intensity of disturbances will at the least continue at historical or greater levels. The comparison of data from before and now after disturbance will provide a powerful assessment of the resilience of octocorals and scleractinians and the role of recruitment and recruit survival in their relative resilience. Thus the effects of Hurricanes Irma and Maria provide a window on the nature of future reefs.
Note: This project is closely associated with the project "Ecology and functional biology of octocoral communities". See: https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/562086.
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_end_date String 2019-10
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_geolocation String St John, US Virgin Islands
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_name String RAPID: Resilience of Caribbean octocorals following Hurricanes Irma and Maria
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_project_nid String 749653
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_start_date String 2017-11
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_name String Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL sourceUrl String (local files)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Southernmost_Northing double 18.30293333
attribute NC_GLOBAL standard_name_vocabulary String CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute NC_GLOBAL subsetVariables String Census_Year
attribute NC_GLOBAL summary String This dataset contains octocoral colony heights measured during transect surveys at four sites on the south shore of St. John, US Virgin Islands in November 2017 following Hurricanes Irma and Maria.
attribute NC_GLOBAL title String [octocoral] - Octocoral species abundance during transect surveys at four sites on the south shore of St. John, US Virgin Islands from November to December 2017 (RAPID: Resilience of Caribbean octocorals following Hurricanes Irma and Maria)
attribute NC_GLOBAL version String 1
attribute NC_GLOBAL Westernmost_Easting double -64.72993333
attribute NC_GLOBAL xml_source String osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable Site   String  
attribute Site bcodmo_name String site
attribute Site description String Census locations
attribute Site long_name String Site
attribute Site units String unitless
variable latitude   double  
attribute latitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lat
attribute latitude _FillValue double NaN
attribute latitude actual_range double 18.30293333, 18.31671667
attribute latitude axis String Y
attribute latitude bcodmo_name String latitude
attribute latitude colorBarMaximum double 90.0
attribute latitude colorBarMinimum double -90.0
attribute latitude description String latitude in degrees north
attribute latitude ioos_category String Location
attribute latitude long_name String Latitude
attribute latitude nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LATX/ (external link)
attribute latitude standard_name String latitude
attribute latitude units String degrees_north
variable longitude   double  
attribute longitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lon
attribute longitude _FillValue double NaN
attribute longitude actual_range double -64.72993333, -64.71043333
attribute longitude axis String X
attribute longitude bcodmo_name String longitude
attribute longitude colorBarMaximum double 180.0
attribute longitude colorBarMinimum double -180.0
attribute longitude description String longitude in degrees east
attribute longitude ioos_category String Location
attribute longitude long_name String Longitude
attribute longitude nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LONX/ (external link)
attribute longitude standard_name String longitude
attribute longitude units String degrees_east
variable Census_Year   float  
attribute Census_Year _FillValue float NaN
attribute Census_Year actual_range float 2017.11, 2017.11
attribute Census_Year bcodmo_name String year
attribute Census_Year description String Census Year
attribute Census_Year long_name String Census Year
attribute Census_Year nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/YEARXXXX/ (external link)
attribute Census_Year units String unitless
variable Date   int  
attribute Date _FillValue int 2147483647
attribute Date actual_range int 20171120, 20171201
attribute Date bcodmo_name String date
attribute Date description String Day - Month - Year on which data were collected.
attribute Date long_name String Date
attribute Date nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ADATAA01/ (external link)
attribute Date units String unitless
variable Transect_Position   byte  
attribute Transect_Position _FillValue byte 127
attribute Transect_Position actual_range byte 0, 50
attribute Transect_Position bcodmo_name String transect
attribute Transect_Position description String Transects positioned in a marked 50x10m area with stainless steel eye bolts marking each corner and each of the 6 transect. Transects were 10m long across the 50x10m area. So there were 0m; 10m; 20m; 30m; 40m; 50m.
attribute Transect_Position long_name String Transect Position
attribute Transect_Position units String meters (m)
variable Side_of_transect   String  
attribute Side_of_transect bcodmo_name String site_descrip
attribute Side_of_transect description String Side of the transect tape (Left or Right) orientation looking towards open ocean with the nearest shore to the back.
attribute Side_of_transect long_name String Side Of Transect
attribute Side_of_transect units String unitless
variable Meter_on_transect   byte  
attribute Meter_on_transect _FillValue byte 127
attribute Meter_on_transect actual_range byte 0, 9
attribute Meter_on_transect bcodmo_name String transect
attribute Meter_on_transect description String From 0m to 9m. 1x1m quadrats were positioned randomly along the 10 m transect. The values refer to the position of the "shoreward" corner of the quadrat. Thus "0"refers to the quadrat placed between the 0 and 1 meter marks
attribute Meter_on_transect long_name String Meter On Transect
attribute Meter_on_transect units String meters (m)
variable Species_code   String  
attribute Species_code bcodmo_name String species
attribute Species_code description String Octocorals species acronyms. Field identifications of Pseudoplexaura flagellosa and P. wagenaari are difficult among small colonies and for analysis purposes the two species should be lumped as a single group. Field identifications of Eunicea mammosa E. laxispica and E. succinea are sometimes difficult s and for analysis purposes the two species should be lumped as a single group. LINES WITH NO SPECIES ENTRY IDENTIFY QUADRATS IN WHICH NO OCTOCORALS WERE PRESENT- This is also noted in the comments as "No colonies present"
attribute Species_code long_name String Species Code
attribute Species_code units String unitless
variable Height_of_living_tissue   byte  
attribute Height_of_living_tissue _FillValue byte 127
attribute Height_of_living_tissue actual_range byte 2, 108
attribute Height_of_living_tissue bcodmo_name String height
attribute Height_of_living_tissue description String Maximum distance from the base of the octocoral colony until the farthest tips of the longest branch with living tissue (i.e. not necessarily perpendicular to the substrate). All measures rounded to the nearest cm with the exception of 5 cm which only includes colonies >= 5 cm. Measures less than 5 cm reflect colonies with thick branches which could only have
attribute Height_of_living_tissue long_name String Height Of Living Tissue
attribute Height_of_living_tissue units String centimeters (cm)
variable Total_Height   byte  
attribute Total_Height _FillValue byte 127
attribute Total_Height actual_range byte 4, 108
attribute Total_Height bcodmo_name String height
attribute Total_Height description String total height
attribute Total_Height long_name String Total Height
attribute Total_Height units String centimeters (cm)
variable Genus_Species   String  
attribute Genus_Species bcodmo_name String species
attribute Genus_Species description String Full species name
attribute Genus_Species long_name String Genus Species
attribute Genus_Species units String unitless
variable Genus   String  
attribute Genus bcodmo_name String genus
attribute Genus description String Genus name
attribute Genus long_name String Genus
attribute Genus units String unitless
variable Species   String  
attribute Species bcodmo_name String species
attribute Species description String Species name
attribute Species long_name String Species
attribute Species units String unitless
variable Comments_1   String  
attribute Comments_1 bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute Comments_1 description String Comments. C. gibbosum denotes the presence of Cyphoma giibbosum a grazing snail that strips living tissue from octocoral colonies.
attribute Comments_1 long_name String Comments 1
attribute Comments_1 units String unitless
variable Comments_2   short  
attribute Comments_2 _FillValue short 32767
attribute Comments_2 actual_range short 151, 159
attribute Comments_2 bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute Comments_2 description String Numbers refer to sample numbers of 4 cm dried tissue specimens collected for species identification.
attribute Comments_2 long_name String Comments 2
attribute Comments_2 units String unitless

The information in the table above is also available in other file formats (.csv, .htmlTable, .itx, .json, .jsonlCSV1, .jsonlCSV, .jsonlKVP, .mat, .nc, .nccsv, .tsv, .xhtml) via a RESTful web service.


 
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