ERDDAP > info > bcodmo_dataset_767737

Grid DAP Data	Sub- set	Table DAP Data	Make A Graph	W M S	Source Data Files	Acces- sible	Title	Sum- mary	ISO, Metadata	Back- ground Info	RSS	E mail	Institution	Dataset ID
	set	data	graph		files	public	Velocity observations from a mooring at Station AT55 in Lake Michigan from 2018-04-05 to 2018- 04-20		I   M	background			BCO-DMO	bcodmo_dataset_767737

The Dataset's Variables and Attributes

Row Type	Variable Name	Attribute Name	Data Type	Value
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	access_formats	String	.htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson,.odvTxt
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	acquisition_description	String	All velocity data was averaged over 10 minutes of sampling before being interpolated onto a common time vector. Individual instrument accuracies, ranges, and resolutions are included. ADCPs were used to sample current velocities at 2 Hz, with the Nortek Signature 500 (287cm \u2013 5087cm above bed, 2m bin size) measuring continuously and the Nortek Aquadopp HR Profiler (13.1cm \u2013 133.1cm above bed, 3cm cell size) burst sampling for ~8.5minutes every 10 minutes. All data were quality controlled according to manufacturer recommendations and measurements with poor amplitudes and correlations were removed before averaging.\u00a0
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_nid	String	670677
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_number	String	OCE-1658390
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funder_name	String	NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_acronym	String	NSF OCE
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_source_nid	String	355
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	cdm_data_type	String	Other
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	comment	String	Lake Michigan Velocity Mooring Data, Station AT55, April 2018 (Milwaukee) PI: Cary Troy Version: 2019-05-14
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Conventions	String	COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_email	String	info at bco-dmo.org
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_name	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_url	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	data_source	String	extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_created	String	2019-05-14T18:18:46Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_modified	String	2019-05-20T16:56:10Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	defaultDataQuery	String	&time<now
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	doi	String	10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.767737.1
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Easternmost_Easting	double	-87.7532
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_max	double	43.0699
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_min	double	43.0699
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_units	String	degrees_north
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_max	double	-87.7532
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_min	double	-87.7532
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_units	String	degrees_east
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	infoUrl	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/767737
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	institution	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_acronym	String	ADCP
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_dataset_instrument_description	String	ADCPs were used to sample current velocities at 2 Hz, with the Nortek Signature 500 (287cm – 5087cm above bed, 2m bin size) measuring continuously and the Nortek Aquadopp HR Profiler (13.1cm – 133.1cm above bed, 3cm cell size) burst sampling for ~8.5minutes every 10 minutes. Nortek Aquadopp HR Profiler (2 MHz) Measurement Locations: 13.1 cm - 133.1 cm Burst interval: 600s Sample rate: 2 Hz Samples/burst: 1024 Cell size: 3cm All data is quality controlled according to manufacturer recommendations, removing all measurements with amplitudes below 60 dB and correlations below 70%. Data is then averaged over a single burst (1024 samples)     Nortek Signature 500 (500kHz)  Measurement Locations: 287 cm - 5087 cm Burst interval: continuous sampling Sample rate: 2 Hz Samples/burst: continuous Cell size: 2m Nominal Velocity Range: 1m/s All data is quality controlled according to manufacturer recommendations, removing all measurements with amplitudes below 30 dB and correlations below 50%. Data is then averaged over 600s (1200samples).
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid	String	767808
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_description	String	The ADCP measures water currents with sound, using a principle of sound waves called the Doppler effect. A sound wave has a higher frequency, or pitch, when it moves to you than when it moves away. You hear the Doppler effect in action when a car speeds past with a characteristic building of sound that fades when the car passes. The ADCP works by transmitting "pings" of sound at a constant frequency into the water. (The pings are so highly pitched that humans and even dolphins can't hear them.) As the sound waves travel, they ricochet off particles suspended in the moving water, and reflect back to the instrument. Due to the Doppler effect, sound waves bounced back from a particle moving away from the profiler have a slightly lowered frequency when they return. Particles moving toward the instrument send back higher frequency waves. The difference in frequency between the waves the profiler sends out and the waves it receives is called the Doppler shift. The instrument uses this shift to calculate how fast the particle and the water around it are moving. Sound waves that hit particles far from the profiler take longer to come back than waves that strike close by. By measuring the time it takes for the waves to bounce back and the Doppler shift, the profiler can measure current speed at many different depths with each series of pings. (More from WHOI instruments listing).
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/115/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_instrument_name	String	Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_instrument_nid	String	405
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_supplied_name	String	ADCP Nortek (Aquadopp HR Profiler, Signature 500)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	keywords	String	algal, bco, bco-dmo, biological, bloom, chemical, component, data, dataset, date, dmo, erddap, filename, hab, HAB_cm, HAB_m, harmful, iso, latitude, longitude, management, oceanography, office, preliminary, time, vel
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	license	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/767737/license
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	metadata_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/767737
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Northernmost_Northing	double	43.0699
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	param_mapping	String	{'767737': {'lat': 'flag - latitude', 'lon': 'flag - longitude', 'ISO_DateTime_UTC': 'master - time'}}
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	parameter_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/767737/parameters
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_affiliation	String	Purdue University
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_name	String	Cary Troy
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_nid	String	670685
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role	String	Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_affiliation	String	University of Wisconsin
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_affiliation_acronym	String	UW-Milwaukee
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_name	String	Harvey Bootsma
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_nid	String	670682
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role	String	Co-Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_affiliation	String	Purdue University
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_person_name	String	David Cannon
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_person_nid	String	767967
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_role	String	Co-Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_affiliation	String	University of Wisconsin
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_affiliation_acronym	String	UW-Milwaukee
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_person_name	String	Qian Liao
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_person_nid	String	670687
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_role	String	Co-Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_4_affiliation	String	Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_4_affiliation_acronym	String	WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_4_person_name	String	Mathew Biddle
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_4_person_nid	String	708682
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_4_role	String	BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_4_role_type	String	related
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	project	String	Filter Feeders Physics and Phosphorus
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_acronym	String	Filter Feeders Physics and Phosphorus
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_description	String	Overview: While benthic filter feeders are known to influence plankton and nutrient dynamics in shallow marine and freshwater systems, their role is generally considered to be minor in large, deep systems. However, recent evidence indicates that profundal quagga mussels (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) have dramatically altered energy flow and nutrient cycling in the Laurentian Great Lakes and other larges aquatic systems, so that conventional nutrient-plankton paradigms no longer apply. Observed rates of phosphorus grazing by profundal quagga mussels in Lake Michigan exceed the passive settling rates by nearly an order of magnitude, even under stably stratified conditions. We hypothesize that the apparently enhanced particle deliver rate to the lake bottom results from high filtration capacity combined with vertical mixing processes that advect phytoplankton from the euphotic zone to the near-bottom layer. However, the role of hydrodynamics is unclear, because these processes are poorly characterized both within the hypolimnion as a whole and within the near-bottom layer. In addition, the implications for phytoplankton and nutrient dynamics are unclear, as mussels are also important nutrient recyclers. In the proposed interdisciplinary research project, state-of-the-art instruments and analytical tools will be deployed in Lake Michigan to quantify these critical dynamic processes, including boundary layer turbulence, mussel grazing, excretion and egestion, and benthic fluxes of carbon and phosphorus. Empirical data will be used to calibrate a 3D hydrodynamic-biogeochemical model to test our hypotheses. Intellectual Merit: This collaborative biophysical project is structured around two primary questions: 1) What role do profundal dreissenid mussels play in large lake carbon and nutrient cycles? 2) How are mussel grazing and the fate of nutrients recycled by mussels modulated by hydrodynamics at scales ranging from mm (benthic boundary layer) to meters (entire water column)? The project will improve the ability to model nutrient and carbon dynamics in coastal and lacustrine waters where benthic filter-feeders are a significant portion of the biota. By so doing, it will address the overarching question of how plankton and nutrient dynamics in large, deep lakes with abundant profundal filter feeders differ from the conventional paradigm described by previous models. Additionally, the project will quantify and characterize boundary layer turbulence for benthic boundary layers in large, deep lakes, including near-bed turbulence produced by benthic filter feeders. Broader Impacts: The project will provide new insight into the impacts of invasive dreissenid mussels, which are now threatening many large lakes and reservoirs across the United States. Dreissenid mussels appear to be responsible for a number of major changes that have occurred in the Great Lakes, including declines of pelagic plankton populations, declines in fish populations, and, ironically, nuisance algal blooms in the nearshore zone. As a result, conventional management models no longer apply, and managers are uncertain about appropriate nutrient loading targets and fish stocking levels. The data and models resulting from this project will help to guide those decisions. Additionally, the project will provide insight to bottom boundary layer physics, with applicability to other large lakes, atidal coastal seas, and the deep ocean. The project will leverage the collaboration and promote interdisciplinary education for undergraduate and graduate students from two universities (UW-Milwaukee and Purdue). The project will support 3 Ph.D. students and provide structured research experiences to undergraduates through a summer research program. The project will also promote education of future aquatic scientists by hosting a Biophysical Coupling Workshop for graduate students who participate in the annual IAGLR conferences, and the workshop lectures will be published for general access through ASLO e-Lectures and on an open-access project website. Background publications are available at:https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014JC010506/fullhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00348-012-1265-9http://aslo.net/lomethods/free/2009/0169.pdfhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0380133015001458 Note: This is an NSF Collaborative Research Project.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_geolocation	String	Lake Michigan
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_name	String	Collaborative Research: Regulation of plankton and nutrient dynamics by hydrodynamics and profundal filter feeders
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_project_nid	String	670679
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_name	String	Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	sourceUrl	String	(local files)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Southernmost_Northing	double	43.0699
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	standard_name_vocabulary	String	CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	subsetVariables	String	latitude,longitude
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	summary	String	A fixed mooring was established to measure water column velocities in Lake Michigan near Milwaukee, WI, during 2018 from April 5 \u2013 April 20, 2018 at a 55m depth site. The mooring involved a large tripod, upon which two ADCPs (Nortek Aquadopp HR profiler and Nortek Signature 500) were mounted to measure water column velocities between 13cm and 5087cm above the bed.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	time_coverage_end	String	2018-04-20T19:14:00Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	time_coverage_start	String	2018-04-05T16:24:00Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	title	String	Velocity observations from a mooring at Station AT55 in Lake Michigan from 2018-04-05 to 2018-04-20
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	version	String	1
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Westernmost_Easting	double	-87.7532
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	xml_source	String	osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable	HAB_cm		float
attribute	HAB_cm	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	HAB_cm	actual_range	float	13.0, 5087.0
attribute	HAB_cm	bcodmo_name	String	altitude
attribute	HAB_cm	description	String	Height above bottom
attribute	HAB_cm	long_name	String	HAB Cm
attribute	HAB_cm	units	String	centimeters (cm)
variable	HAB_m		float
attribute	HAB_m	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	HAB_m	actual_range	float	0.13, 50.87
attribute	HAB_m	bcodmo_name	String	altitude
attribute	HAB_m	description	String	Height above bottom
attribute	HAB_m	long_name	String	HAB M
attribute	HAB_m	units	String	meters (m)
variable	latitude		double
attribute	latitude	_CoordinateAxisType	String	Lat
attribute	latitude	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	latitude	actual_range	double	43.0699, 43.0699
attribute	latitude	axis	String	Y
attribute	latitude	bcodmo_name	String	latitude
attribute	latitude	colorBarMaximum	double	90.0
attribute	latitude	colorBarMinimum	double	-90.0
attribute	latitude	description	String	latitude with positive values indicating northward
attribute	latitude	ioos_category	String	Location
attribute	latitude	long_name	String	Latitude
attribute	latitude	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LATX/
attribute	latitude	standard_name	String	latitude
attribute	latitude	units	String	degrees_north
variable	longitude		double
attribute	longitude	_CoordinateAxisType	String	Lon
attribute	longitude	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	longitude	actual_range	double	-87.7532, -87.7532
attribute	longitude	axis	String	X
attribute	longitude	bcodmo_name	String	longitude
attribute	longitude	colorBarMaximum	double	180.0
attribute	longitude	colorBarMinimum	double	-180.0
attribute	longitude	description	String	longitude with positive values indicating eastward
attribute	longitude	ioos_category	String	Location
attribute	longitude	long_name	String	Longitude
attribute	longitude	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LONX/
attribute	longitude	standard_name	String	longitude
attribute	longitude	units	String	degrees_east
variable	component		String
attribute	component	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	component	description	String	directional component of the average water column velocity (EAST; NORTH; UP)
attribute	component	long_name	String	Component
attribute	component	units	String	unitless
variable	filename		String
attribute	filename	bcodmo_name	String	file_name
attribute	filename	description	String	name of the file from which the data was extracted (minus the .txt extension)
attribute	filename	long_name	String	Filename
attribute	filename	units	String	unitless
variable	time		double
attribute	time	_CoordinateAxisType	String	Time
attribute	time	actual_range	double	1.52294544E9, 1.52425164E9
attribute	time	axis	String	T
attribute	time	bcodmo_name	String	ISO_DateTime_UTC
attribute	time	description	String	The columns YEAR MONTH DAY HOUR MINUTE SECOND combined into the ISO 8601 time representation
attribute	time	ioos_category	String	Time
attribute	time	long_name	String	ISO Date Time UTC
attribute	time	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/DTUT8601/
attribute	time	source_name	String	ISO_DateTime_UTC
attribute	time	standard_name	String	time
attribute	time	time_origin	String	01-JAN-1970 00:00:00
attribute	time	time_precision	String	1970-01-01T00:00:00Z
attribute	time	units	String	seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z
variable	vel		double
attribute	vel	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	vel	actual_range	double	-1.62370233139501, 1.4918961779052902
attribute	vel	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	vel	description	String	Average water column velocity
attribute	vel	long_name	String	Vel
attribute	vel	units	String	meters per second (m/s)

The information in the table above is also available in other file formats (.csv, .htmlTable, .itx, .json, .jsonlCSV1, .jsonlCSV, .jsonlKVP, .mat, .nc, .nccsv, .tsv, .xhtml) via a RESTful web service.