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     data   graph     files  public [Porewater Composition] - Biogeochemical and sediment characteristics of the Cinder Cones
Methane seep site in the Ross Sea from November 2016 (EAGER: Elucidating the Antarctic Methane
Cycle at the Cinder Cones Reducing Habitat)
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The Dataset's Variables and Attributes

Row Type Variable Name Attribute Name Data Type Value
attribute NC_GLOBAL access_formats String .htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson
attribute NC_GLOBAL acquisition_description String Sediment samples: Sediment cores were collected from the Cinder Cones site
including a methane seep habitat and vertically sectioned into identified
intervals at either 3cm or 1cm intervals depending on the analysis. To
quantify methane from sediment plugs, subcores were taken vertically via a
syringe with the end cut off to sample 3 cm3 of sediment.\u00a0 The subcores
were preserved in 2ml of 5M NaOH in a serum bottle and caped with a butyl
stopper for later analysis. It was stored and shipped upside down. Large grain
size led to rapid dewatering of the cores making the concentrations likely
conservative estimates of the methane (i.e. the is a chance some of the
porewater was lost during sampling).\u00a0 For 0-1 cm sediment plugs, a core
was vertically sectioned and frozen at -80oC until later analysis.

Porewater samples:\u00a0 Pore water was sampled in situ by placing a vertical
barrier in the sediment, excavating one side and inserting a Rhyzon filter
(0.2 um) into the intact sediment on the opposite side of the excavation. 1 ml
of porewater was discarded as a rinse and then 5ml of pore water was
extracted. These were taken at 2 cm intervals starting at 1 cm below the
sediment surface to 5cm.\u00a0 3ml were preserved in serum bottles with 2ml of
5M NaOH for later methane analysis. 1 ml was filtered to remove particles >0.2
um and frozen for ion analysis and 1ml was preserved with 0.25ml of 0.05 M
Zinc acetate for hydrogen sulfide concentration for Spectrophotometric
analysis following Cline (1969).\u00a0\u00a0

Sampling and analytical procedures:\u00a0\u00a0
Methane: Samples were kept stored cold and inverted for both porewater and
sediment plug sampling approaches for methane.\u00a0 Headspace from each of
the serum vials was injected into a Gas Chromatograph with Flame Ionization
Detector (GC-FID) after a standard curve was generated based on known
standards increasing from 10 to 1000 ppm and the same injection volume
(between 50 and 100 ul) as the headspace of the samples.\u00a0 Adjusted r2 of
the calibration curve was\u00a0 1.0.\u00a0 Response area was measured using
\u201cPeak Simple\u201d software.

Methane Flux: Methane flux was measured in 2016 through the deployment of
benthic flux chambers. Chambers were 10cm i.d. cores with a cap containing a
septa sealed hole for sampling and an o-ring seal around the cap. The chambers
were sealed with the caps after the cores were inserted into the sediment to
ensure minimal disturbance to the system. Chambers were not continually
stirred but were stirred by using magnetic propeller system that allowed
gentle agitation prior to each sample collection. Samples were taken on
12-hour intervals to quantify that release of methane through syringe sampling
through the septa; at no point were the chambers opened
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_nid String 709614
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_number String OPP-1642570
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_data_url String http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1642570 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funder_name String NSF Office of Polar Programs (formerly NSF PLR)
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_acronym String NSF OPP
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_source_nid String 713360
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager String Christian Fritsen
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager_nid String 683959
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_data_type String Other
attribute NC_GLOBAL comment String Biogeochemical and sediment characteristics of the Cinder Cones Methane seep site.
PI: Andrew Thurber
Version: 2019-06-12

bdl = below detection limit
attribute NC_GLOBAL Conventions String COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_email String info at bco-dmo.org
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_name String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_url String https://www.bco-dmo.org/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL data_source String extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_created String 2019-06-12T15:47:26Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_modified String 2019-06-21T15:22:39Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL defaultDataQuery String &time<now
attribute NC_GLOBAL doi String 10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.770638.1
attribute NC_GLOBAL Easternmost_Easting double -166.666
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_max double -77.8
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_min double -77.8
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_units String degrees_north
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_max double -166.666
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_min double -166.666
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_units String degrees_east
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_vertical_max double 10.0
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_vertical_min double 7.0
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_vertical_positive String down
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_vertical_units String m
attribute NC_GLOBAL infoUrl String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/770638 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL institution String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_acronym String IR Mass Spec
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_dataset_instrument_description String The δ13C and δ2H of methane were analyzed at the University of California, Davis on a Thermo Scientific GasBench-Precon interfaced to a Thermo Delta V Plus isotope ratio mass spectrometer.
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid String 770642
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_description String The Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer is a particular type of mass spectrometer used to measure the relative abundance of isotopes in a given sample (e.g. VG Prism II Isotope Ratio Mass-Spectrometer).
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB16/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_name String Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_nid String 469
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_supplied_name String Thermo Delta V Plus isotope ratio mass spectrometer
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_acronym String Gas Chromatograph
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_dataset_instrument_description String Methane concentration was measured with a HP 5890 Gas Chromatograph with an AllTech Porapak N8/100 column and a Flame ionization detector.
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_dataset_instrument_nid String 770641
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_description String Instrument separating gases, volatile substances, or substances dissolved in a volatile solvent by transporting an inert gas through a column packed with a sorbent to a detector for assay. (from SeaDataNet, BODC)
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_instrument_external_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB02/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_instrument_name String Gas Chromatograph
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_instrument_nid String 661
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_1_supplied_name String HP 5890 Gas Chromatograph
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords String acetate, ammonium, approach, bco, bco-dmo, biological, bromide, calcium, chemical, chloride, collection, Collection_Date, concentration, cvpdb, d13, d13CVPDB, d2HVSMOW, data, dataset, date, depth, dmo, erddap, fluoride, flux, formate, geo, geo_loc_lat, geo_loc_long, habitat, hvsmow, lithium, loc, long, magnesium, management, methane, Methane_Flux, Methane_porewater, Methane_sediment, mole, mole_concentration_of_nitrite_in_sea_water, name, nh4, nitrite, oceanography, office, porewater, potassium, preliminary, replicate, sampling, sampling_approach, sea, seawater, sediment, Sediment_Depth, site, Site_name, sodium, sulfate, sulfide, thiosulfate, time, water, Water_depth
attribute NC_GLOBAL license String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/770638/license (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL metadata_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/770638 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Northernmost_Northing double -77.8
attribute NC_GLOBAL param_mapping String {'770638': {'geo_loc_lat': 'flag - latitude', 'Water_depth': 'flag - depth', 'geo_loc_long': 'flag - longitude'}}
attribute NC_GLOBAL parameter_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/770638/parameters (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation String Oregon State University
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation_acronym String OSU
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_name String Andrew Thurber
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_nid String 709617
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role String Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation String Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation_acronym String WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_name String Mathew Biddle
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_nid String 708682
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role String BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role_type String related
attribute NC_GLOBAL project String Cinder Cone Seep
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_acronym String Cinder Cone Seep
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_description String NSF abstract:
Methane is a potent greenhouse gas that is naturally emitted into the oceans by geologic seeps and microbial production. Based on studies of persistent deep-sea seeps at mid- and northern latitudes, researchers have learned that bacteria and archaea can create a "sediment filter" that oxidizes methane prior to its release. Antarctica is thought to contain large reservoirs of organic carbon buried beneath its ice which could a quantity of methane equivalent to all of the permafrost in the Arctic and yet we know almost nothing about the methane oxidizing microbes in this region. How these microbial communities develop and potentially respond to fluctuations in methane levels is an under-explored avenue of research. A bacterial mat was recently discovered at 78 degrees south, suggesting the possible presence of a methane seep, and associated microbial communities. This project will explore this environment in detail to assess the levels and origin of methane, and the nature of the microbial ecosystem present.
An expansive bacterial mat appeared and/or was discovered at 78 degrees south in 2011. This site, near McMurdo Station Antarctica, has been visited since the mid-1960s, but this mat was not observed until 2011. The finding of this site provides an unusual opportunity to study an Antarctic marine benthic habitat with active methane cycling and to examine the dynamics of recruitment and community succession of seep fauna including bacteria, archaea, protists and metazoans. This project will collect the necessary baseline data to facilitate further studies of Antarctic methane cycling. The concentration and source of methane will be determined at this site and at potentially analogous sites in McMurdo Sound. In addition to biogeochemical characterization of the sites, molecular analysis of the microbial community will quantify the time scales on which bacteria and archaea respond to methane input and provide information on rates of community development and succession in the Southern Ocean. Project activities will facilitate the training of at least one graduate student and results will be shared at both local and international levels. A female graduate student will be mentored as part of this project and data collected will form part of her dissertation. Lectures will be given in K-12 classrooms in Oregon to excite students about polar science. National and international audiences will be reached through blogs and presentations at a scientific conference. The PI's previous blogs have been used by K-12 classrooms as part of their lesson plans and followed in over 65 countries.
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_end_date String 2018-07
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_geolocation String Ross Sea, Antarctica (78 S, 166 E)
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_name String EAGER: Elucidating the Antarctic Methane Cycle at the Cinder Cones Reducing Habitat
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_project_nid String 709615
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_start_date String 2016-08
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_name String Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL sourceUrl String (local files)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Southernmost_Northing double -77.8
attribute NC_GLOBAL standard_name_vocabulary String CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute NC_GLOBAL summary String These data are samples of pore water collected from a methane seep on Ross Island. This seep had been active for 5 years at the time of sampling and were collected from 10m water depth.
attribute NC_GLOBAL title String [Porewater Composition] - Biogeochemical and sediment characteristics of the Cinder Cones Methane seep site in the Ross Sea from November 2016 (EAGER: Elucidating the Antarctic Methane Cycle at the Cinder Cones Reducing Habitat)
attribute NC_GLOBAL version String 1
attribute NC_GLOBAL Westernmost_Easting double -166.666
attribute NC_GLOBAL xml_source String osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable Site_name   String  
attribute Site_name bcodmo_name String site
attribute Site_name description String Name of dive location on Ross Island Antarctica
attribute Site_name long_name String Site Name
attribute Site_name units String unitless
variable Habitat   String  
attribute Habitat bcodmo_name String site_descrip
attribute Habitat description String Whether the sample was from an area of active methane seepage or sampled adjacent to this habitat.
attribute Habitat long_name String Habitat
attribute Habitat units String unitless
variable Collection_Date   int  
attribute Collection_Date _FillValue int 2147483647
attribute Collection_Date actual_range int 42681, 42689
attribute Collection_Date bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute Collection_Date description String Date sample was collected as Excel integer representation
attribute Collection_Date long_name String Collection Date
attribute Collection_Date units String unitless
variable Date   String  
attribute Date bcodmo_name String date
attribute Date description String Collection Date represented as yyyy-mm-dd
attribute Date long_name String Date
attribute Date nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ADATAA01/ (external link)
attribute Date source_name String Date
attribute Date time_precision String 1970-01-01
attribute Date units String unitless
variable latitude   double  
attribute latitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lat
attribute latitude _FillValue double NaN
attribute latitude actual_range double -77.8, -77.8
attribute latitude axis String Y
attribute latitude bcodmo_name String latitude
attribute latitude description String Latitude of the sample in degrees
attribute latitude ioos_category String Location
attribute latitude long_name String Geo Loc Lat
attribute latitude nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LATX/ (external link)
attribute latitude standard_name String latitude
attribute latitude units String degrees_north
variable longitude   double  
attribute longitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lon
attribute longitude _FillValue double NaN
attribute longitude actual_range double -166.666, -166.666
attribute longitude axis String X
attribute longitude bcodmo_name String longitude
attribute longitude description String Longitude of the sample in degrees
attribute longitude ioos_category String Location
attribute longitude long_name String Geo Loc Long
attribute longitude nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LONX/ (external link)
attribute longitude standard_name String longitude
attribute longitude units String degrees_east
variable depth   double  
attribute depth _CoordinateAxisType String Height
attribute depth _CoordinateZisPositive String down
attribute depth _FillValue double NaN
attribute depth actual_range double 7.0, 10.0
attribute depth axis String Z
attribute depth bcodmo_name String depth
attribute depth description String Depth in meter that the sample was collected from
attribute depth ioos_category String Location
attribute depth long_name String Water Depth
attribute depth nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/DEPH/ (external link)
attribute depth positive String down
attribute depth standard_name String depth
attribute depth units String m
variable Replicate   String  
attribute Replicate bcodmo_name String replicate
attribute Replicate description String Individual identifier for the core (all letters indicate samples from a single core or sampling cluster). Pore water was taken adjacent to the core however within 10cm of the core and thus from the same geochemical environment.
attribute Replicate long_name String Replicate
attribute Replicate units String unitless
variable Sediment_Depth   String  
attribute Sediment_Depth bcodmo_name String depth_core
attribute Sediment_Depth description String depth or depth range from which the same was taken
attribute Sediment_Depth long_name String Sediment Depth
attribute Sediment_Depth units String centimeters (cm)
variable sampling_approach   String  
attribute sampling_approach bcodmo_name String sample_descrip
attribute sampling_approach description String sampling approach used for the observations (porewater; sediment; or flux chamber)
attribute sampling_approach long_name String Sampling Approach
attribute sampling_approach units String unitless
variable Fluoride   float  
attribute Fluoride _FillValue float NaN
attribute Fluoride actual_range float 0.2934, 0.4786
attribute Fluoride bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute Fluoride description String Fluoride
attribute Fluoride long_name String Fluoride
attribute Fluoride units String millimole (mmol)
variable Acetate   String  
attribute Acetate bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute Acetate description String Acetate
attribute Acetate long_name String Acetate
attribute Acetate units String millimole (mmol)
variable Formate   String  
attribute Formate bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute Formate description String Formate
attribute Formate long_name String Formate
attribute Formate units String millimole (mmol)
variable Chloride   float  
attribute Chloride _FillValue float NaN
attribute Chloride actual_range float 523.6157, 566.4875
attribute Chloride bcodmo_name String chloride
attribute Chloride description String Chloride
attribute Chloride long_name String Chloride
attribute Chloride units String millimole (mmol)
variable Nitrite   float  
attribute Nitrite _FillValue float NaN
attribute Nitrite actual_range float 0.119, 0.1683
attribute Nitrite bcodmo_name String NO2
attribute Nitrite colorBarMaximum double 1.0
attribute Nitrite colorBarMinimum double 0.0
attribute Nitrite description String Nitrite
attribute Nitrite long_name String Mole Concentration Of Nitrite In Sea Water
attribute Nitrite nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/NTRIAAZX/ (external link)
attribute Nitrite units String millimole (mmol)
variable Bromide   float  
attribute Bromide _FillValue float NaN
attribute Bromide actual_range float 1.139, 1.4592
attribute Bromide bcodmo_name String bromides
attribute Bromide description String Bromide
attribute Bromide long_name String Bromide
attribute Bromide units String millimole (mmol)
variable Sulfate   float  
attribute Sulfate _FillValue float NaN
attribute Sulfate actual_range float 22.8303, 28.4088
attribute Sulfate bcodmo_name String SO4
attribute Sulfate description String Sulfate
attribute Sulfate long_name String Sulfate
attribute Sulfate nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/SPHTMAXX/ (external link)
attribute Sulfate units String millimole (mmol)
variable Thiosulfate   String  
attribute Thiosulfate bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute Thiosulfate description String Thiosulfate
attribute Thiosulfate long_name String Thiosulfate
attribute Thiosulfate units String millimole (mmol)
variable Lithium   float  
attribute Lithium _FillValue float NaN
attribute Lithium actual_range float 0.0148, 0.0172
attribute Lithium bcodmo_name String Li
attribute Lithium description String Lithium
attribute Lithium long_name String Lithium
attribute Lithium units String millimole (mmol)
variable Sodium   float  
attribute Sodium _FillValue float NaN
attribute Sodium actual_range float 422.0486, 452.1328
attribute Sodium bcodmo_name String Na
attribute Sodium description String Sodium
attribute Sodium long_name String Sodium
attribute Sodium units String millimole (mmol)
variable Ammonium   String  
attribute Ammonium bcodmo_name String Ammonium
attribute Ammonium description String Ammonium
attribute Ammonium long_name String Ammonium
attribute Ammonium nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/AMONAAZX/ (external link)
attribute Ammonium units String millimole (mmol)
variable Potassium   float  
attribute Potassium _FillValue float NaN
attribute Potassium actual_range float 10.7635, 11.5517
attribute Potassium bcodmo_name String K
attribute Potassium description String Potassium
attribute Potassium long_name String Potassium
attribute Potassium units String millimole (mmol)
variable Magnesium   float  
attribute Magnesium _FillValue float NaN
attribute Magnesium actual_range float 55.9626, 60.2467
attribute Magnesium bcodmo_name String Mg
attribute Magnesium description String Magnesium
attribute Magnesium long_name String Magnesium
attribute Magnesium units String millimole (mmol)
variable Calcium   float  
attribute Calcium _FillValue float NaN
attribute Calcium actual_range float 15.6499, 16.9822
attribute Calcium bcodmo_name String Ca
attribute Calcium description String Calcium
attribute Calcium long_name String Calcium
attribute Calcium units String millimole (mmol)
variable Sulfide   String  
attribute Sulfide bcodmo_name String sulfide
attribute Sulfide description String Sulfide
attribute Sulfide long_name String Sulfide
attribute Sulfide units String millimole (mmol)
variable Methane_porewater   double  
attribute Methane_porewater _FillValue double NaN
attribute Methane_porewater actual_range double 184.2634, 1164.2656
attribute Methane_porewater bcodmo_name String CH4
attribute Methane_porewater description String Methane in porewater
attribute Methane_porewater long_name String Methane Porewater
attribute Methane_porewater units String nanomole per milliliter of porewater (nmol ml-1 porewater)
variable Methane_sediment   float  
attribute Methane_sediment _FillValue float NaN
attribute Methane_sediment actual_range float 9.4392, 757.6279
attribute Methane_sediment bcodmo_name String CH4
attribute Methane_sediment description String Methane in sediment
attribute Methane_sediment long_name String Methane Sediment
attribute Methane_sediment units String nanomole per cubic centimeter of sediment (nmol cm^-3 sediment)
variable d2HVSMOW   float  
attribute d2HVSMOW _FillValue float NaN
attribute d2HVSMOW actual_range float -401.102, -320.9326
attribute d2HVSMOW bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute d2HVSMOW description String stable isotopic composition of hydrogen in comparison to the reference "Vienna-Standard Mean Ocean Water"
attribute d2HVSMOW long_name String D2 HVSMOW
attribute d2HVSMOW units String per mil
variable d13CVPDB   float  
attribute d13CVPDB _FillValue float NaN
attribute d13CVPDB actual_range float -79.7834, -47.4879
attribute d13CVPDB bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute d13CVPDB description String stable isotopic composition of carbon in comparison to the reference "Vienna PeeDee Belemnite"
attribute d13CVPDB long_name String D13 CVPDB
attribute d13CVPDB units String per mil
variable Methane_Flux   String  
attribute Methane_Flux bcodmo_name String CH4
attribute Methane_Flux description String Methane_Flux
attribute Methane_Flux long_name String Methane Flux
attribute Methane_Flux units String millimole per meter squared per day (mmol m-2 d-1)

The information in the table above is also available in other file formats (.csv, .htmlTable, .itx, .json, .jsonlCSV1, .jsonlCSV, .jsonlKVP, .mat, .nc, .nccsv, .tsv, .xhtml) via a RESTful web service.


 
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