ERDDAP > info > bcodmo_dataset_773556

Grid DAP Data	Sub- set	Table DAP Data	Make A Graph	W M S	Source Data Files	Acces- sible	Title	Sum- mary	FGDC, ISO, Metadata	Back- ground Info	RSS	E mail	Institution	Dataset ID
		data	graph		files	public	[Thread mechanics] - Lab study on the effect of temperature and pCO2 on mussel byssal attachment (thread mechanics) with mussels collected in May 2012 from Argyle Creek, San Juan Island, WA (48.52˚ N, 123.01˚ W) (Effects of Ocean Acidification on Coastal Organisms: An Ecomaterials Perspective)		I   M	background			BCO-DMO	bcodmo_dataset_773556

The Dataset's Variables and Attributes

Row Type	Variable Name	Attribute Name	Data Type	Value
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	access_formats	String	.htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	acquisition_description	String	Mussels (M. trossulus) were collected in May 2012 from Argyle Creek, San Juan Island, WA (48.52\u02da N, 123.01\u02da W) and held in a mesh box submerged under the dock at Friday Harbor Laboratories (FHL), San Juan Island, WA for up to 14 d. Mussels were placed in experimental mesocosms in the Ocean Acidification Experimental Laboratory (OAEL) at FHL as described in O\u2019Donnell et al. (2013) and Timmins-Schiffman et al. (2012). Briefly, manipulations of pH were made by bubbling CO2 into a 150 L temperature- controlled seawater reservoir, that supplied water to eight 3.5 L chambers at a turnover rate of 50 ml min-1. Air was bubbled into the reservoir to maintain 100% oxygen saturation and submersible pumps (model number P396, Annex Depot, Sacramento, CA) provided mixing in the chambers at 3.8 L min-1. The bottom of each chamber was lined with autoclaved pebbles, collected from an FHL beach, to provide a substrate for byssal thread attachment. pH and temperature were monitored continuously in each water reservoir with a Durafet pH and temperature probe and the full carbonate chemistry of the system evaluated with DIC and Total alkalinity measurements once during each trial. Mussels were acclimated to their treatment temperatures in ambient pH (~7.8) over 9 d, ramping temperature up no more than 2\u02daC per day, and fed a maintenance level of Shellfish Diet 1800 (6 g l-1 day-1, Reed Mariculture, Campell, CA, USA). The twelve independent temperature x pCO2 treatments spanned the range of local marine conditions (Newcomb, 2015; George et al., 2019; temperature at 10\u02daC, 18\u02daC, or 25\u02daC and pCO2 at 400, 750, 1200, or 2500 \u00b5atm). Each mussel was trimmed of external byssus before placement in an experimental treatment for 3 d, sufficient time to produce new mature byssal threads (Bell & Gosline 1996) while minimizing the effect of treatment on mussel condition. Mussels were starved during the 3 d trials to minimize changes in chamber water chemistry due to food addition and to reduce fouling. Three trials were conducted in succession to replicate treatments over time, increasing sample size (n=8 x 3) for each temperature*pCO2 treatment. At the end of each trial, mussels and the rocks to which they had attached with byssal threads were removed from the chambers. The entire byssus was dissected from each mussel and stored air-dried for up to 20 days. Byssus was rehydrated in seawater prior to testing, a method that does not alter the mechanical properties of the byssal threads (Brazee, 2004). The number of byssal threads each mussel produced was counted, and one thread was haphazardly chosen for mechanical testing following the procedure of Bell & Gosline (1996). Briefly, an individual thread was clamped with submersible pneumatic grips on either end by holding the proximal byssal stem between cardstock with cyanoacrylate glue and affixing the distal plaque with attached rock to an aluminum T-bar with epoxy. An Instron 5565 tensometer (Norwood MA, USA), extended the thread at a rate of 10 mm min-1 in a temperature-controlled water bath (3130-100 BioPuls Bath, Instron, Norwood, MA, USA) until failure. The tensometer measured force (\u00b110-3 N) and extension (\u00b1 10-3 mm) at 10 Hz. Tests were performed in seawater with a pH of 7.8 and the relevant treatment temperature. Pull to failure mechanical tests provided estimates of thread breaking force, yield force, extensibility, initial stiffness and failure location (Bell & Gosline 1996). Yield, due to quasi-plastic deformation in the distal region, was identified as the point where the initial slope of the force-extension curve decreased by 40%. Extensibility was calculated by dividing thread extension at failure by initial length and initial stiffness was determined from the initial slope of the force extension curve. The location of failure (proximal, plaque, and/or distal region) was noted and threads were retested to quantify the breaking force of each remaining region. Tests that broke at the grips were considered underestimates and were discarded. The cross-sectional area of the proximal region was measured to evaluate morphological differences among treatments. The elliptical area was estimated from measures of the major and minor axes (+ 1 um using a dissecting microscope (Brazee & Carrington 2006). Proximal breaking stress (N mm-2), a material property, was calculated as proximal breaking force divided by proximal area. Thread surface structure was examined using a scanning electron microscope (FEI Sirion XL30 SEM, Hillsboro, OR). Whole mussel attachment strength was estimated using two mathematical models developed by Bell & Gosline (1996). Each model assumes a mussel is anchored with a constant thread number (n=50) arranged in a circle. The normal model estimates dislodgment force perpendicular to the substrate (e.g, lift); all threads are engaged and extend until they reach their maximum force. The parallel model estimates dislodgement force for an animal pulled parallel to the substrate (e.g., drag); threads on the upstream side are the first in tension, yield and extend until they reach maximum force and break, while more threads are recruited into tension until they have all broken. Additionally, we modified each model to incorporate the variation in thread production across treatments. Because thread production was measured for only three days, treatment means were scaled to a maximum value of 50 threads. Detailed methods and results are provided in Newcomb, 2015 and Newcomb et al., 2019 Location: Friday Harbor Laboratories, Friday Harbor WA
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_nid	String	55120
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_number	String	OCE-1041213
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_data_url	String	http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1041213
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funder_name	String	NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_acronym	String	NSF OCE
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_source_nid	String	355
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_program_manager	String	Mary Beth Saffo
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_program_manager_nid	String	51608
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	cdm_data_type	String	Other
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	comment	String	Thread mechanics PI: Emily Carrington Data Version 1: 2019-07-24
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Conventions	String	COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_email	String	info at bco-dmo.org
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_name	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_url	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	data_source	String	extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_created	String	2019-07-22T19:58:03Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_modified	String	2019-08-06T19:06:51Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	defaultDataQuery	String	&time<now
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	doi	String	10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.773556.1
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	infoUrl	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/773556
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	institution	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_acronym	String	Materials Testing System
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_dataset_instrument_description	String	Instron’s (Norwood, MA) electromechanical testing systems are used to test a wide range of materials in tension or compression. The series 5560 are dual column table top models, the 5565 model has a load capacity of 5 kN (1125 lbf).
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid	String	773638
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_description	String	Testing systems that are used to test a wide range of materials in tension or compression.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_instrument_name	String	Materials Testing System
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_instrument_nid	String	718
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_supplied_name	String	Instron 5565 load frame
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	keywords	String	bco, bco-dmo, biological, breaking, Breaking_Ext, Breaking_Force, Breaking_Stress, carbon, carbon dioxide, chemical, chemistry, co2, data, dataset, diam, dioxide, distal, Distal_Diam, Distal_Force, dmo, earth, Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > pH, erddap, ext, force, Location, major, management, minor, mod, modulus, mussel, Mussel_ID, ocean, oceanography, oceans, office, pCO2_Target, plaque, Plaque_Force, preliminary, prox, Prox_Major, Prox_Minor, proximal, Proximal_Force, reported, scale, science, sea, sea_water_ph_reported_on_total_scale, seawater, stiffness, stress, target, Temp, temperature, thread, Thread_Ext, Thread_Stiffness, total, treatment, Treatment_ID, trial, water, yield, youngs, Youngs_Mod
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	keywords_vocabulary	String	GCMD Science Keywords
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	license	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/773556/license
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	metadata_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/773556
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	param_mapping	String	{'773556': {}}
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	parameter_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/773556/parameters
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_affiliation	String	University of Washington
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_affiliation_acronym	String	UW
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_name	String	Emily Carrington
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_nid	String	51609
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role	String	Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_affiliation	String	Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_affiliation_acronym	String	WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_name	String	Karen Soenen
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_nid	String	748773
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role	String	BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role_type	String	related
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	project	String	OA - Ecomaterials Perspective
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_acronym	String	OA - Ecomaterials Perspective
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_description	String	Effects of Ocean Acidification on Coastal Organisms: An Ecomaterials Perspective This award will support researchers based at the University of Washington's Friday Harbor Laboratories. The overall focus of the project is to determine how ocean acidification affects the integrity of biomaterials and how these effects in turn alter interactions among members of marine communities. The research plan emphasizes an ecomaterial approach; a team of biomaterials and ecomechanics experts will apply their unique perspective to detail how different combinations of environmental conditions affect the structural integrity and ecological performance of organisms. The study targets a diversity of ecologically important taxa, including bivalves, snails, crustaceans, and seaweeds, thereby providing insight into the range of possible biological responses to future changes in climate conditions. The proposal will enhance our understanding of the ecological consequences of climate change, a significant societal problem. Each of the study systems has broader impacts in fields beyond ecomechanics. Engineers are particularly interested in biomaterials and in each system there are materials with commercial potential. The project will integrate research and education by supporting doctoral student dissertation research, providing undergraduate research opportunities via three training programs at FHL, and summer internships for talented high school students, recruited from the FHL Science Outreach Program. The participation of underrepresented groups will be broadened by actively recruiting URM and female students. Results will be disseminated in a variety of forums, including peer-reviewed scientific publications, undergraduate and graduate course material, service learning activities in K-8 classrooms, demonstrations at FHL's annual Open House, and columns for a popular science magazine.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_end_date	String	2013-08
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_geolocation	String	Friday Harbor, WA
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_name	String	Effects of Ocean Acidification on Coastal Organisms: An Ecomaterials Perspective
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_project_nid	String	2250
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_project_website	String	http://depts.washington.edu/fhl/oael.html
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_start_date	String	2010-09
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_name	String	Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	sourceUrl	String	(local files)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	standard_name_vocabulary	String	CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	summary	String	These data were used in a structural analysis study to evaluate how pCO2 and an additional stressor, elevated temperature, influences byssal thread quality and production. Mussels (M. trossulus) were collected in May 2012 from Argyle Creek, San Juan Island, WA (48.52\u02da N, 123.01\u02da W) and held in a mesh box submerged under the dock at Friday Harbor Laboratories (FHL), San Juan Island, WA for up to 14 d. Mussels were placed in controlled temperature and pCO2 treatments in the Ocean Acidification Experimental Laboratory (OAEL), then newly produced threads were counted and pulled to failure to determine byssus strength.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	title	String	[Thread mechanics] - Lab study on the effect of temperature and pCO2 on mussel byssal attachment (thread mechanics) with mussels collected in May 2012 from Argyle Creek, San Juan Island, WA (48.52˚ N, 123.01˚ W) (Effects of Ocean Acidification on Coastal Organisms: An Ecomaterials Perspective)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	version	String	1
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	xml_source	String	osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable	Mussel_ID		String
attribute	Mussel_ID	bcodmo_name	String	sample
attribute	Mussel_ID	description	String	Mussel sample identifier
attribute	Mussel_ID	long_name	String	Mussel ID
attribute	Mussel_ID	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/ACYC/
attribute	Mussel_ID	units	String	unitless
variable	Temp		byte
attribute	Temp	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	Temp	actual_range	byte	10, 25
attribute	Temp	bcodmo_name	String	temperature
attribute	Temp	description	String	Temperature
attribute	Temp	long_name	String	Temperature
attribute	Temp	units	String	degrees Celcius (°C)
variable	pH		float
attribute	pH	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	pH	actual_range	float	7.3, 8.2
attribute	pH	bcodmo_name	String	pH
attribute	pH	colorBarMaximum	double	9.0
attribute	pH	colorBarMinimum	double	7.0
attribute	pH	description	String	pH (total scale)
attribute	pH	long_name	String	Sea Water Ph Reported On Total Scale
attribute	pH	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/PHXXZZXX/
attribute	pH	units	String	unitless
variable	pCO2_Target		short
attribute	pCO2_Target	_FillValue	short	32767
attribute	pCO2_Target	actual_range	short	400, 2500
attribute	pCO2_Target	bcodmo_name	String	pCO2
attribute	pCO2_Target	description	String	Target pCO2 level
attribute	pCO2_Target	long_name	String	P CO2 Target
attribute	pCO2_Target	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/PCO2C101/
attribute	pCO2_Target	units	String	microatmosphere (uatm)
variable	Treatment_ID		String
attribute	Treatment_ID	bcodmo_name	String	treatment
attribute	Treatment_ID	description	String	Treatment identifier
attribute	Treatment_ID	long_name	String	Treatment ID
attribute	Treatment_ID	units	String	unitless
variable	Trial		byte
attribute	Trial	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	Trial	actual_range	byte	1, 3
attribute	Trial	bcodmo_name	String	exp_id
attribute	Trial	description	String	Trial identifier
attribute	Trial	long_name	String	Trial
attribute	Trial	units	String	unitless
variable	GI		double
attribute	GI	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	GI	actual_range	double	0.038091252, 0.336448598
attribute	GI	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	GI	description	String	Gonad Index
attribute	GI	long_name	String	GI
attribute	GI	units	String	unitless
variable	CI		float
attribute	CI	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	CI	actual_range	float	1.30609E-6, 6.6623E-6
attribute	CI	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	CI	description	String	Condition Index
attribute	CI	long_name	String	CI
attribute	CI	units	String	gram per cubic millimeter (g/mm^3)
variable	Distal_Diam		float
attribute	Distal_Diam	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	Distal_Diam	actual_range	float	0.01, 0.163
attribute	Distal_Diam	bcodmo_name	String	diameter
attribute	Distal_Diam	description	String	Thread distal region diameter
attribute	Distal_Diam	long_name	String	Distal Diam
attribute	Distal_Diam	units	String	millimeter (mm)
variable	Prox_Major		float
attribute	Prox_Major	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	Prox_Major	actual_range	float	0.058, 0.251
attribute	Prox_Major	bcodmo_name	String	length
attribute	Prox_Major	description	String	Thread proximal region major axis length
attribute	Prox_Major	long_name	String	Prox Major
attribute	Prox_Major	units	String	millimeter (mm)
variable	Prox_Minor		float
attribute	Prox_Minor	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	Prox_Minor	actual_range	float	0.009, 0.096
attribute	Prox_Minor	bcodmo_name	String	length
attribute	Prox_Minor	description	String	Thread proximal region minor axis length
attribute	Prox_Minor	long_name	String	Prox Minor
attribute	Prox_Minor	units	String	millimeter (mm)
variable	Yield		float
attribute	Yield	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	Yield	actual_range	float	0.03507, 0.2846
attribute	Yield	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	Yield	description	String	Thread yield force
attribute	Yield	long_name	String	Yield
attribute	Yield	units	String	Newton (N)
variable	Location		String
attribute	Location	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	Location	description	String	Thread failure location
attribute	Location	long_name	String	Location
attribute	Location	units	String	unitless
variable	Breaking_Ext		float
attribute	Breaking_Ext	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	Breaking_Ext	actual_range	float	1.06652, 25.4832
attribute	Breaking_Ext	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	Breaking_Ext	description	String	Thread breaking extension
attribute	Breaking_Ext	long_name	String	Breaking Ext
attribute	Breaking_Ext	units	String	millimeter (mm)
variable	Breaking_Force		float
attribute	Breaking_Force	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	Breaking_Force	actual_range	float	0.01569, 0.36793
attribute	Breaking_Force	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	Breaking_Force	description	String	Thread breaking force
attribute	Breaking_Force	long_name	String	Breaking Force
attribute	Breaking_Force	units	String	Newton (N)
variable	Plaque_Force		float
attribute	Plaque_Force	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	Plaque_Force	actual_range	float	0.01569, 0.42804
attribute	Plaque_Force	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	Plaque_Force	description	String	Thread plaque breaking force
attribute	Plaque_Force	long_name	String	Plaque Force
attribute	Plaque_Force	units	String	Newton (N)
variable	Proximal_Force		float
attribute	Proximal_Force	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	Proximal_Force	actual_range	float	0.00509, 0.44671
attribute	Proximal_Force	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	Proximal_Force	description	String	Thread proximal region breaking force
attribute	Proximal_Force	long_name	String	Proximal Force
attribute	Proximal_Force	units	String	Newton (N)
variable	Distal_Force		float
attribute	Distal_Force	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	Distal_Force	actual_range	float	-0.00138, 0.66441
attribute	Distal_Force	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	Distal_Force	description	String	Thread distal region breaking force
attribute	Distal_Force	long_name	String	Distal Force
attribute	Distal_Force	units	String	Newton (N)
variable	Breaking_Stress		int
attribute	Breaking_Stress	_FillValue	int	2147483647
attribute	Breaking_Stress	actual_range	int	2690000, 414000000
attribute	Breaking_Stress	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	Breaking_Stress	description	String	Thread breaking strength
attribute	Breaking_Stress	long_name	String	Breaking Stress
attribute	Breaking_Stress	units	String	Newton per square millimeter (N/mm^2)
variable	Youngs_Mod		float
attribute	Youngs_Mod	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	Youngs_Mod	actual_range	float	0.05746, 1.91246
attribute	Youngs_Mod	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	Youngs_Mod	description	String	Thread Youngs modulus
attribute	Youngs_Mod	long_name	String	Youngs Mod
attribute	Youngs_Mod	units	String	Newton per square millimeter (N/mm^2)
variable	Thread_Stiffness		float
attribute	Thread_Stiffness	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	Thread_Stiffness	actual_range	float	0.038, 1.596
attribute	Thread_Stiffness	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	Thread_Stiffness	description	String	Thread stiffness
attribute	Thread_Stiffness	long_name	String	Thread Stiffness
attribute	Thread_Stiffness	units	String	Newton per square millimeter (N/mm^2)
variable	Thread_Ext		float
attribute	Thread_Ext	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	Thread_Ext	actual_range	float	0.112, 1.228
attribute	Thread_Ext	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	Thread_Ext	description	String	Thread extensibility
attribute	Thread_Ext	long_name	String	Thread Ext
attribute	Thread_Ext	units	String	unitless

The information in the table above is also available in other file formats (.csv, .htmlTable, .itx, .json, .jsonlCSV1, .jsonlCSV, .jsonlKVP, .mat, .nc, .nccsv, .tsv, .xhtml) via a RESTful web service.