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     data   graph     files  public [Skeletal Stress Bands] - Stress band counts from coral cores taken in the central equatorial
Pacific between 1982 and 2015 (Skeletal Records of Coral Reef Bleaching in the Central
Equatorial Pacific)
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The Dataset's Variables and Attributes

Row Type Variable Name Attribute Name Data Type Value
attribute NC_GLOBAL access_formats String .htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson
attribute NC_GLOBAL acquisition_description String These data were published in Mollica\u00a0et al., 2019

All cores were collected and analyzed using the same methods. Only live
colonies were cored, establishing the top age, vertically i.e., parallel to
the upward growth axis, and using either a pneumatic drill fitted with 3-cm
diameter diamond tip coring bit or an hydraulic drill fitted with an 8-cm
diameter bit. Core holes were sealed with a cement cap and underwater epoxy,
secured flush with the colony surface to facilitate overgrowth of tissue and
wound closure (e.g. Matson 2011), a 6 to 36-month process depending on the
rate of coral growth and diameter of core. All cores were first air dried in
the field, then oven dried at 60 \u00b0C, and CT scanned intact, together with
density standards, on the Siemens Volume Zoom Helical Computerized Tomography
(CT) Scanner at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution or the Siemens Biograph
mCT scanner at the Biomedical Research Imaging Center (BRIC) at the University
of North Carolina (protocol as per Barkley et al. 2015; DeCarlo et al. 2015).

Location: Central Pacific Coral reefs, -5 to 5 latitude, Dongsha Atoll,
Curacao, Barbados, Martinique coral reefs.
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_nid String 768533
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_award_number String OCE-1737311
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_data_url String http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1737311 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funder_name String NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_acronym String NSF OCE
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_funding_source_nid String 355
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager String Daniel Thornhill
attribute NC_GLOBAL awards_0_program_manager_nid String 722161
attribute NC_GLOBAL cdm_data_type String Other
attribute NC_GLOBAL comment String Stress bands
PI: Anne Cohen
Data Version 1: 2019-08-20
attribute NC_GLOBAL Conventions String COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_email String info at bco-dmo.org
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_name String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL creator_url String https://www.bco-dmo.org/ (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL data_source String extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_created String 2019-07-31T16:33:40Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL date_modified String 2019-08-23T21:09:36Z
attribute NC_GLOBAL defaultDataQuery String &time<now
attribute NC_GLOBAL doi String 10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.773896.1
attribute NC_GLOBAL Easternmost_Easting double 172.9952
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_max double 6.4
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_min double -4.6779
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lat_units String degrees_north
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_max double 172.9952
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_min double -176.6183
attribute NC_GLOBAL geospatial_lon_units String degrees_east
attribute NC_GLOBAL infoUrl String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/773896 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL institution String BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_acronym String CT Scanner
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid String 775731
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_description String A CT scan makes use of computer-processed combinations of many X-ray measurements taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional (tomographic) images (virtual "slices") of specific areas of a scanned object.
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_name String Computerized Tomography (CT) Scanner
attribute NC_GLOBAL instruments_0_instrument_nid String 707113
attribute NC_GLOBAL keywords String bands, bco, bco-dmo, biological, chemical, cores, data, dataset, dmo, erddap, island, latitude, longitude, management, month, number, Number_of_Cores, oceanography, office, preliminary, stress, Stress_Bands, time, year
attribute NC_GLOBAL license String https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/773896/license (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL metadata_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/773896 (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Northernmost_Northing double 6.4
attribute NC_GLOBAL param_mapping String {'773896': {'Latitude': 'flag - latitude', 'Longitude': 'flag - longitude'}}
attribute NC_GLOBAL parameter_source String https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/773896/parameters (external link)
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation String Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_affiliation_acronym String WHOI
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_name String Anne L Cohen
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_person_nid String 51428
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role String Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_0_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation String Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_affiliation_acronym String WHOI
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_name String Nathaniel Mollica
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_person_nid String 773912
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role String Co-Principal Investigator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_1_role_type String originator
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_affiliation String Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_affiliation_acronym String WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_person_name String Karen Soenen
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_person_nid String 748773
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_role String BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute NC_GLOBAL people_2_role_type String related
attribute NC_GLOBAL project String Coral Bleaching Skeletal Records
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_acronym String Coral Bleaching Skeletal Records
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_description String NSF abstract:
Ocean warming kills corals and efforts are underway to identify and protect coral reefs that may withstand the projected 21st century rise in tropical ocean temperatures. Coral reefs in the central equatorial Pacific (CEP) have been exposed to episodes of extreme warmth every 3-7 years for centuries, if not millennia, yet remain highly productive ecosystems. Initial data obtained by the investigator from stress signatures archived in the skeletons of long lived coral species, suggests that CEP reefs lose their symbiotic algae or bleach, sometimes severely, during warm episodes. The observation that CEP reefs bleach repetitively yet remain productive implies uncommon resilience to ocean warming. The investigator will use laboratory experiments and field observations to validate skeletal records of historical bleaching. A successful outcome will provide novel and valuable insights into the resilience of the CEP reefs and a new tool with which to identify thermally tolerant coral reef ecosystems across the tropics. Additionally, this project includes mentorship of a postdoc and six undergraduate or high school students, outreach through presentations and media, and expansion of publically available software for coral stress band analysis.
Ocean warming projections indicate severe impacts to coral reefs will occur on an annual basis within the next few decades. Consequently, a coordinated effort is underway to identify reefs that might survive these changes. The investigator will test the hypothesis that such reefs exist at the epicenter of influence of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), where strong inter-annual temperature variability creates conditions conducive for the development of thermal resilience. The project uses laboratory-based bleaching experiments and actual stress signatures accreted by wild corals during the 2015 El Niño to validate signatures of historical bleaching archived in the skeletons of massive reef building corals. In addition the investigator will use new, long cores from the CEP to build a robust dataset of historical bleaching back to the 1800's. A successful outcome will increase confidence in the interpretation of skeletal stress bands as quantitative bleaching proxies and enable the reconstruction of the history of coral reef bleaching and recovery in the CEP.
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_end_date String 2020-07
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_geolocation String Central Equatorial Pacific
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_name String Skeletal Records of Coral Reef Bleaching in the Central Equatorial Pacific
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_project_nid String 768534
attribute NC_GLOBAL projects_0_start_date String 2017-08
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_name String Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute NC_GLOBAL publisher_type String institution
attribute NC_GLOBAL sourceUrl String (local files)
attribute NC_GLOBAL Southernmost_Northing double -4.6779
attribute NC_GLOBAL standard_name_vocabulary String CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute NC_GLOBAL summary String Coral cores were collected in the central equatorial Pacific (Central Pacific Coral reefs, -5 to 5 latitude, Dongsha Atoll, Curacao, Barbados, Martinique coral reefs) between March 1982 and June 2015. Stress bands were identified in the CT scan images of each core and quantified.
attribute NC_GLOBAL title String [Skeletal Stress Bands] - Stress band counts from coral cores taken in the central equatorial Pacific between 1982 and 2015 (Skeletal Records of Coral Reef Bleaching in the Central Equatorial Pacific)
attribute NC_GLOBAL version String 1
attribute NC_GLOBAL Westernmost_Easting double -176.6183
attribute NC_GLOBAL xml_source String osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable Island   String  
attribute Island bcodmo_name String site
attribute Island description String Island of coral sampling
attribute Island long_name String Island
attribute Island units String unitless
variable latitude   double  
attribute latitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lat
attribute latitude _FillValue double NaN
attribute latitude actual_range double -4.6779, 6.4
attribute latitude axis String Y
attribute latitude bcodmo_name String latitude
attribute latitude colorBarMaximum double 90.0
attribute latitude colorBarMinimum double -90.0
attribute latitude description String Latitude - south is negative
attribute latitude ioos_category String Location
attribute latitude long_name String Latitude
attribute latitude nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LATX/ (external link)
attribute latitude standard_name String latitude
attribute latitude units String degrees_north
variable longitude   double  
attribute longitude _CoordinateAxisType String Lon
attribute longitude _FillValue double NaN
attribute longitude actual_range double -176.6183, 172.9952
attribute longitude axis String X
attribute longitude bcodmo_name String longitude
attribute longitude colorBarMaximum double 180.0
attribute longitude colorBarMinimum double -180.0
attribute longitude description String Longitude - west is negative
attribute longitude ioos_category String Location
attribute longitude long_name String Longitude
attribute longitude nerc_identifier String https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LONX/ (external link)
attribute longitude standard_name String longitude
attribute longitude units String degrees_east
variable Stress_Bands   float  
attribute Stress_Bands _FillValue float NaN
attribute Stress_Bands actual_range float 0.0, 88.2
attribute Stress_Bands bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute Stress_Bands description String Stress bands
attribute Stress_Bands long_name String Stress Bands
attribute Stress_Bands units String percentage (%)
variable Number_of_Cores   byte  
attribute Number_of_Cores _FillValue byte 127
attribute Number_of_Cores actual_range byte 2, 17
attribute Number_of_Cores bcodmo_name String count
attribute Number_of_Cores colorBarMaximum double 100.0
attribute Number_of_Cores colorBarMinimum double 0.0
attribute Number_of_Cores description String Number of cores
attribute Number_of_Cores long_name String Number Of Cores
attribute Number_of_Cores units String unitless
variable Year_Month   String  
attribute Year_Month bcodmo_name String unknown
attribute Year_Month description String Year and month of samples (format: yyyy-mm)
attribute Year_Month long_name String Year Month
attribute Year_Month source_name String Year_Month
attribute Year_Month time_precision String 1970-01
attribute Year_Month units String unitless

The information in the table above is also available in other file formats (.csv, .htmlTable, .itx, .json, .jsonlCSV1, .jsonlCSV, .jsonlKVP, .mat, .nc, .nccsv, .tsv, .xhtml) via a RESTful web service.


 
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