ERDDAP > info > bcodmo_dataset_805653

Grid DAP Data	Sub- set	Table DAP Data	Make A Graph	W M S	Source Data Files	Acces- sible	Title	Sum- mary	FGDC, ISO, Metadata	Back- ground Info	RSS	E mail	Institution	Dataset ID
	set	data	graph		files	public	[Southern Ocean foraminifer N isotopes] - Planktic foraminifer tissue and shell d15N from net tows on R/V S.A. Agulhas II cruises VOY016 and VOY019 in the Southern Ocean south of Africa during 2015-2016 (High-resolution, Assemblage-specific Records of Diatom-bound N Isotopes from the Indian Sector of the Antarctic Ocean)		F   I   M	background			BCO-DMO	bcodmo_dataset_805653

The Dataset's Variables and Attributes

Row Type	Variable Name	Attribute Name	Data Type	Value
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	access_formats	String	.htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson,.odvTxt
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	acquisition_description	String	Planktic foraminifera were collected by towing a 200-\u03bcm-mesh plankton net for 90 min at a target depth within the upper mixed layer. Approximately 90% of the tow material was preserved in a 5-10% pH-buffered formalin solution and stored at 4\u00b0C until sorting for foraminifera (Ren et al., 2012). The remaining 10% was size fractionated and frozen at \u221220\u00b0C for element and isotope analysis of zooplankton. During each tow, bulk (>0.3 \u00b5m) suspended PON and nitrate samples were collected from the underway intake (at 7 m depth) and frozen at \u221280\u00b0C and \u221220\u00b0C, respectively, until isotope analysis. In situ (i.e., tow-depth) nitrate samples and auxiliary hydrographic data come from CTD casts performed on station before the start of each net tow. Foraminifera were separated by species, rinsed briefly with Milli-Q and crushed open to expose (non-shell-bound) tissue. Tissue N was converted to nitrate using the persulfate oxidation method (Nydahl, 1978; Knapp et al., 2005). Remnant shell material (having been oxidatively cleaned) was transferred, rinsed six times with Milli-Q and oven dried at 50\u00b0C. Shell samples were then dissolved with hydrochloric acid to release shell-bound organics for persulfate oxidation (Nydahl, 1978; Knapp et al., 2005). For both tissue- and shell-derived nitrate (from persulfate oxidation) as well as seawater nitrate, samples were measured for concentration by chemiluminescence (Braman & Hendrix, 1989) and N isotope composition using the denitrifier method and gas chromatography\u2212isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-IRMS) (Sigman et al., 2001; Casciotti et al., 2002; Weigand et al., 2016). The N isotope composition of bulk PON and size-fractionated zooplankton were measured by elemental analyser-IRMS. The isotopic composition of N\u2082O was measured either at Princeton University (USA) or the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC; Germany) by GC-IRMS using a Thermo MAT 253 mass spectrometer with a purpose-built on-line N\u2082O extraction and purification system. Bulk PON and size-fractionated zooplankton samples were measured at the University of Cape Town using a Thermo Scientific FLASH 2000 elemental analyzer coupled to a Thermo Scientific Delta V Plus mass spectrometer. Hydrographic data were acquired by a Sea-Bird conductivity-temperature depth sensor during each cast. See methods section of Smart et al. (2020) for more detail.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_nid	String	557249
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_number	String	PLR-1401489
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_data_url	String	http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1401489
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funder_name	String	NSF Division of Polar Programs
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_acronym	String	NSF PLR
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_source_nid	String	490497
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_program_manager	String	Dr Mark Kurz
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_program_manager_nid	String	557248
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_award_nid	String	558188
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_award_number	String	OCE-1060947
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_data_url	String	http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1060947
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_funder_name	String	NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_funding_acronym	String	NSF OCE
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_funding_source_nid	String	355
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_program_manager	String	Henrietta N Edmonds
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_program_manager_nid	String	51517
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_award_nid	String	788981
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_award_number	String	OCE-0922345
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_data_url	String	http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=0922345
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_funder_name	String	NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_funding_acronym	String	NSF OCE
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_funding_source_nid	String	355
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_program_manager	String	Kandace S Binkley
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_program_manager_nid	String	51512
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	cdm_data_type	String	Other
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	comment	String	Southern Ocean foraminifer N isotopes PI: Daniel M. Sigman (Princeton) Contact: Sandi Smart (Stellenbosch University & The Max Planck Institute for Chemistry) Version date: 10 March 2020
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Conventions	String	COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_email	String	info at bco-dmo.org
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_name	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_url	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	data_source	String	extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_created	String	2020-03-10T16:02:44Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_modified	String	2020-03-13T13:52:48Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	defaultDataQuery	String	&time<now
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	doi	String	10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.805653.1
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Easternmost_Easting	double	38.4761
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_max	double	-40.9588
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_min	double	-53.9942
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lat_units	String	degrees_north
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_max	double	38.4761
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_min	double	0.0483
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_lon_units	String	degrees_east
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_vertical_max	double	90.0
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_vertical_min	double	25.0
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_vertical_positive	String	down
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	geospatial_vertical_units	String	m
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	infoUrl	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/805653
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	institution	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_acronym	String	CTD Sea-Bird
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid	String	805731
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_description	String	Conductivity, Temperature, Depth (CTD) sensor package from SeaBird Electronics, no specific unit identified. This instrument designation is used when specific make and model are not known. See also other SeaBird instruments listed under CTD. More information from Sea-Bird Electronics.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/130/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_instrument_name	String	CTD Sea-Bird
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_instrument_nid	String	447
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_supplied_name	String	Sea-Bird conductivity-temperature depth sensor
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_1_acronym	String	IR Mass Spec
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_1_dataset_instrument_nid	String	805728
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_1_description	String	The Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer is a particular type of mass spectrometer used to measure the relative abundance of isotopes in a given sample (e.g. VG Prism II Isotope Ratio Mass-Spectrometer).
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_1_instrument_external_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB16/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_1_instrument_name	String	Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_1_instrument_nid	String	469
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_1_supplied_name	String	Thermo MAT 253 mass spectrometer
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_2_acronym	String	IR Mass Spec
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_2_dataset_instrument_nid	String	805729
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_2_description	String	The Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer is a particular type of mass spectrometer used to measure the relative abundance of isotopes in a given sample (e.g. VG Prism II Isotope Ratio Mass-Spectrometer).
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_2_instrument_external_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB16/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_2_instrument_name	String	Isotope-ratio Mass Spectrometer
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_2_instrument_nid	String	469
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_2_supplied_name	String	Thermo Scientific Delta V Plus
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_3_acronym	String	Plankton Net
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_3_dataset_instrument_nid	String	805727
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_3_description	String	A Plankton Net is a generic term for a sampling net that is used to collect plankton. It is used only when detailed instrument documentation is not available.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_3_instrument_external_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/22/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_3_instrument_name	String	Plankton Net
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_3_instrument_nid	String	525
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_3_supplied_name	String	200-um-mesh plankton net
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_4_dataset_instrument_nid	String	805730
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_4_description	String	Instruments that quantify carbon, nitrogen and sometimes other elements by combusting the sample at very high temperature and assaying the resulting gaseous oxides. Usually used for samples including organic material.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_4_instrument_external_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB01/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_4_instrument_name	String	Elemental Analyzer
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_4_instrument_nid	String	546339
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_4_supplied_name	String	Thermo Scientific FLASH 2000
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	keywords	String	analysis, analysis_year, average, bco, bco-dmo, biological, calc, chemical, chemistry, conc, conc_avg_nitrate, conc_avg_nitrate_nitrite, conc_PON_avg, conc_PON_n, conc_PON_sd, concentration, conductivity, cruise, ctd, d15, d15N_avg_nitrate, d15N_avg_nitrate_nitrite, d15N_foram_avg, d15N_foram_n, d15N_foram_sd, d15N_PON_avg, d15N_PON_n, d15N_PON_sd, d15N_zoop_avg, d15N_zoop_n, d15N_zoop_se, data, dataset, date, density, depth, depth_tow, dmo, earth, Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Nitrate, Earth Science > Oceans > Salinity/Density > Salinity, endtow, erddap, fluorescence, fluorescence_ctd, foram, indiv, indiv_avg, indiv_n, indiv_sd, iso, ISO_DateTime_UTC_endtow, ISO_DateTime_UTC_starttow, latitude, longitude, management, mld, MLD_calc, mole, mole_concentration_of_nitrate_in_sea_water, n02, Ni_avg, Ni_n, Ni_sd, nitrate, no3, Nw_avg, Nw_n, Nw_sd, O2, ocean, oceanography, oceans, office, oxygen, oxygen_ctd, pon, potdens, potdens_calc, practical, preliminary, salinity, salinity_ctd, science, sea, sea_water_practical_salinity, seawater, ship, sonde, species, starttow, temperature, temperature_ctd, time, time_endtow, time_starttow, tow, type, water, year, zoop
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	keywords_vocabulary	String	GCMD Science Keywords
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	license	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/805653/license
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	metadata_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/805653
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Northernmost_Northing	double	-40.9588
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	param_mapping	String	{'805653': {'latitude': 'flag - latitude', 'ISO_DateTime_UTC_starttow': 'flag - time', 'depth_tow': 'flag - depth', 'longitude': 'flag - longitude'}}
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	parameter_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/805653/parameters
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_affiliation	String	Princeton University
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_name	String	Daniel M. Sigman
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_nid	String	51417
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role	String	Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_affiliation	String	Stellenbosch University
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_name	String	Sandi M. Smart
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_nid	String	557790
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role	String	Contact
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role_type	String	related
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_affiliation	String	Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_affiliation_acronym	String	WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_person_name	String	Shannon Rauch
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_person_nid	String	51498
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_role	String	BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_role_type	String	related
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	project	String	Diatom-bound_N_Isotopes,N Isotopes Foraminifera,stable isotope instrumentation
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_acronym	String	Diatom-bound_N_Isotopes
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_description	String	Description from NSF award abstract: The high concentration of the major nutrients nitrate and phosphate is a fundamental characteristic of the Antarctic Zone in the Southern Ocean and is central to its role in global ocean fertility and the global carbon cycle. The isotopic composition of diatom-bound organic nitrogen is one of the best hopes for reconstructing the nutrient status of polar surface waters over glacial cycles, which in turn may hold the explanation for the decline in atmospheric carbon dioxide during ice ages. The PIs propose to generate detailed diatom-bound nitrogen isotope (δ15Ndb) records from high sedimentation rate cores from the Kerguelen Plateau. Because the cores were collected at relatively shallow seafloor depths, they have adequate planktonic and benthic foraminifera to develop accurate age models. The resulting data could be compared with climate records from Antarctic ice cores and other archives to investigate climate-related changes, including the major steps into and out of ice ages and the millennial-scale events that occur during ice ages and at their ends. The records generated in this project will provide a critical test of hypotheses for the cause of lower ice age CO2. This study will contribute to the goal of understanding ice ages and past CO2 changes, which both have broad implications for future climate. Undergraduates will undertake summer internships, with the possibility of extending their work into junior year projects and senior theses. In addition, the PI will lead modules for two Princeton programs for middle school teachers and will host a teacher for a six-week summer research project.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_end_date	String	2017-04
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_geolocation	String	Kerguelen Plateau
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_name	String	High-resolution, Assemblage-specific Records of Diatom-bound N Isotopes from the Indian Sector of the Antarctic Ocean
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_project_nid	String	557250
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_start_date	String	2014-05
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_acronym	String	N Isotopes Foraminifera
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_description	String	NSF Award Abstract: Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus are the two nutrients required in large quantity by phytoplankton in the ocean, and together they limit productivity throughout most of the tropical, subtropical, and temperate ocean. Both the cycling of N and its input/output budget have been argued to control the fertility of the ocean and the ocean's role in setting atmospheric CO2. The CaCO3 tests of foraminifera can represent a substantial fraction of marine sediments and have been used extensively in paleoceanography; they are an obvious target for isotopic analysis of microfossil-bound organic matter. In recent years, researchers at Princeton have developed a protocol for the isotopic analysis of foraminiferal shell-bound N. The current protocol is at least 100 times more sensitive than typical on-line combustion, allowing for rapid progress with a N isotope archive that was previously not feasible to measure. Measurements on surface sediments and a downcore record from the Caribbean show the promise of foraminifera-bound del15N (fb-del15N) to provide both a robust N isotope archive for paleoceanography, and one with a unique potential of richness, given the existence of multiple foraminiferal species with different depth habitats and behaviors. Moreover, the finding from the Caribbean Sea record -- reduced N fixation in ice age Atlantic -- has changed the scientific conversation about the nature of the input/output budget of oceanic fixed N and its potential to change ocean fertility and atmospheric CO2. However, the controls on fb-del15N have not yet been adequately studied. In this project, as a first major step in developing a foundation for the paleoceanographic application of fb-del15N, the same Princeton University team will study its genesis in the water column, transport to the seafloor, and early diagenesis. They will undertake this study in the Sargasso Sea south of Bermuda. This is one of the best studied regions of the ocean, in general and with respect to foraminifera, and a region that has been has been a focus of the N isotope research of the PI for the last decade and others previously. Moreover, its significant seasonality -- in physical oceanography, biogeochemistry, and foraminiferal species abundance -- will facilitate the effort to understand the controls on fb-del15N at a mechanistic level. The research team will participate in six Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) cruises over two years, collecting foraminifera and other N forms likely to provide insight into the controls on fb-del15N. From the nearby Oceanic Flux Program (OFP) moored sediment traps and from shallow sediments collected in the region, they will pick foraminifera shells and again make relevant ancillary measurements. This work will establish the relationship of foraminiferal biomass to shell-bound del15N for different species, and comparison of the foraminiferal isotope data with the upper ocean N pools will yield empirical isotopic relationships and work toward a mechanistic insight of fb-del15N (e.g., the importance of different N pools to the diets of different foraminifera; the role of algal symbionts). The sediment trap and surface sediment data will support the plankton tow data by integrating over longer time scales and will also address questions regarding late stage (e.g., gametogenic) calcification and the early diagenesis of fb-del15N and fb-N content. Broader Impacts: This study will yield an improved understanding of the nutrient dynamics of foraminifera, a class of organisms whose shells are a central tool in micropaleontology and paleoclimatology. The project will also build on the principal investigator's involvement in the Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences as an asset for integrating ocean-related education and research at both the undergraduate and graduate levels.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_end_date	String	2016-03
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_geolocation	String	Sargasso Sea
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_name	String	Understanding the nitrogen isotopes of planktonic foraminifera: A modern Sargasso Sea study
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_project_nid	String	743583
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_1_start_date	String	2011-04
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_2_acronym	String	stable isotope instrumentation
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_2_description	String	NSF Award Abstract: Intellectual Merit: The PIs are requesting funds to acquire a suite of instruments for stable isotope (N) research, including a denitrifier-based, natural abundance isotope system, a tracer isotope system, and general purpose natural abundance peripherals for an existing mass spectrometer. Specific instruments requested include a Thermo Electron MAT 253 stable isotope mass spectrometer, a Thermo DeltaVAdvantage stable isotope mass spectrometer with peripherals, an EA peripheral for combustion-based isotope analysis, and a GasBench II carbon dioxide preparation and purification system. The proposed instrumentation would enable research efforts examining natural stable isotope abundances that include ocean biogeochemistry and paleoceanography, terrestrial biogeochemistry, carbon isotopes in Precambrian Earth history. Stable isotope tracer research would include nitrification, nitrogen fixation, and carbon partitioning during biostimulation. Broader Impacts: The PIs state that the proposed instrumentation would expand the research capabilities of the institution and specifically the Departments of Geosciences and Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. The improvements to the denitrifier method will also serve to expand the capabilities of the ocean research community at large. Additionally, the proposed instrumentation will enable method development and provide training for undergraduate students at the institution and those participating in a collaborative effort with the University of Cape Town.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_2_end_date	String	2012-08
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_2_name	String	MRI: Acquisition of Stable Isotope Instrumentation for the Biogeosciences at Princeton University
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_2_project_nid	String	788982
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_2_start_date	String	2009-09
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_name	String	Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	sourceUrl	String	(local files)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Southernmost_Northing	double	-53.9942
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	standard_name_vocabulary	String	CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	subsetVariables	String	ship
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	summary	String	This dataset synthesizes net-tow data (foraminifera and zooplankton measurements) with tow-depth seawater measurements (physical and chemical properties) and surface measurements of bulk suspended particulate organic nitrogen (PON) collected from the underway intake (7 m depth).
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	time_coverage_start	String	2015-07-27T12:00:00Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	title	String	[Southern Ocean foraminifer N isotopes] - Planktic foraminifer tissue and shell d15N from net tows on R/V S.A. Agulhas II cruises VOY016 and VOY019 in the Southern Ocean south of Africa during 2015-2016 (High-resolution, Assemblage-specific Records of Diatom-bound N Isotopes from the Indian Sector of the Antarctic Ocean)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	version	String	1
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Westernmost_Easting	double	0.0483
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	xml_source	String	osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable	cruise		String
attribute	cruise	bcodmo_name	String	cruise_id
attribute	cruise	description	String	Cruise identifier
attribute	cruise	long_name	String	Cruise
attribute	cruise	units	String	unitless
variable	ship		String
attribute	ship	bcodmo_name	String	ship
attribute	ship	description	String	Ship name
attribute	ship	long_name	String	Ship
attribute	ship	units	String	unitless
variable	tow		String
attribute	tow	bcodmo_name	String	tow
attribute	tow	description	String	Tow number
attribute	tow	long_name	String	Tow
attribute	tow	units	String	unitless
variable	date		String
attribute	date	bcodmo_name	String	date
attribute	date	description	String	Date; format: yyyy-mm-dd
attribute	date	long_name	String	Date
attribute	date	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ADATAA01/
attribute	date	units	String	unitless
variable	time_starttow		String
attribute	time_starttow	bcodmo_name	String	time
attribute	time_starttow	description	String	Time at start of tow (UTC); format: HH:MM
attribute	time_starttow	long_name	String	Time Starttow
attribute	time_starttow	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/AHMSAA01/
attribute	time_starttow	units	String	unitless
variable	time_endtow		String
attribute	time_endtow	bcodmo_name	String	time
attribute	time_endtow	description	String	Time at end of tow (UTC); format: HH:MM
attribute	time_endtow	long_name	String	Time Endtow
attribute	time_endtow	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/AHMSAA01/
attribute	time_endtow	units	String	unitless
variable	species		String
attribute	species	bcodmo_name	String	taxon_code
attribute	species	description	String	The planktic foraminifer species measured with the following abbreviations: bul = G. bulloides; glu = G. glutinata; hir = G. hirsuta; inc = N. incompta; inf = G. inflata; pac = N. pachyderma; qui = T. quinqueloba; tru = G. truncatulinoides; uni = O. universa
attribute	species	long_name	String	Species
attribute	species	units	String	unitless
variable	type		String
attribute	type	bcodmo_name	String	sample_descrip
attribute	type	description	String	The kind of foraminiferal organic matter (i.e., tissue or shell-bound) measured for N isotope composition
attribute	type	long_name	String	Type
attribute	type	units	String	unitless
variable	analysis_year		short
attribute	analysis_year	_FillValue	short	32767
attribute	analysis_year	actual_range	short	2016, 2018
attribute	analysis_year	bcodmo_name	String	year
attribute	analysis_year	description	String	The year in which foraminifer samples were measured for N isotope composition. The measurement protocol differed slightly between the three analysis sessions (see Methods Section and Supplemental Text S1 of Smart et al. (2020) for more detail).
attribute	analysis_year	long_name	String	Analysis Year
attribute	analysis_year	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/YEARXXXX/
attribute	analysis_year	units	String	unitless
variable	latitude		double
attribute	latitude	_CoordinateAxisType	String	Lat
attribute	latitude	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	latitude	actual_range	double	-53.9942, -40.9588
attribute	latitude	axis	String	Y
attribute	latitude	bcodmo_name	String	latitude
attribute	latitude	colorBarMaximum	double	90.0
attribute	latitude	colorBarMinimum	double	-90.0
attribute	latitude	description	String	Latitude; positive values = North
attribute	latitude	ioos_category	String	Location
attribute	latitude	long_name	String	Latitude
attribute	latitude	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LATX/
attribute	latitude	standard_name	String	latitude
attribute	latitude	units	String	degrees_north
variable	longitude		double
attribute	longitude	_CoordinateAxisType	String	Lon
attribute	longitude	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	longitude	actual_range	double	0.0483, 38.4761
attribute	longitude	axis	String	X
attribute	longitude	bcodmo_name	String	longitude
attribute	longitude	colorBarMaximum	double	180.0
attribute	longitude	colorBarMinimum	double	-180.0
attribute	longitude	description	String	Longitude; positive values = East
attribute	longitude	ioos_category	String	Location
attribute	longitude	long_name	String	Longitude
attribute	longitude	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LONX/
attribute	longitude	standard_name	String	longitude
attribute	longitude	units	String	degrees_east
variable	depth		double
attribute	depth	_CoordinateAxisType	String	Height
attribute	depth	_CoordinateZisPositive	String	down
attribute	depth	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	depth	actual_range	double	25.0, 90.0
attribute	depth	axis	String	Z
attribute	depth	bcodmo_name	String	depth
attribute	depth	colorBarMaximum	double	8000.0
attribute	depth	colorBarMinimum	double	-8000.0
attribute	depth	colorBarPalette	String	TopographyDepth
attribute	depth	description	String	Depth of the tow
attribute	depth	ioos_category	String	Location
attribute	depth	long_name	String	Depth
attribute	depth	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/DEPH/
attribute	depth	positive	String	down
attribute	depth	standard_name	String	depth
attribute	depth	units	String	m
variable	d15N_foram_avg		float
attribute	d15N_foram_avg	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	d15N_foram_avg	actual_range	float	-6.65, 14.01
attribute	d15N_foram_avg	bcodmo_name	String	d15N_bio
attribute	d15N_foram_avg	description	String	Average d15N. d15N is the nitrogen isotopic composition of a sample expressed in delta notation (d15N in units of per mil, ‰) relative to atmospheric N2, where d15N = {[(15N/14N)sample/(15N/14N)atmN2] – 1} × 1000
attribute	d15N_foram_avg	long_name	String	D15 N Foram Avg
attribute	d15N_foram_avg	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/IRBO/
attribute	d15N_foram_avg	units	String	per mil vs AIR
variable	d15N_foram_sd		float
attribute	d15N_foram_sd	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	d15N_foram_sd	actual_range	float	0.0, 2.12
attribute	d15N_foram_sd	bcodmo_name	String	d15N_bio
attribute	d15N_foram_sd	colorBarMaximum	double	50.0
attribute	d15N_foram_sd	colorBarMinimum	double	0.0
attribute	d15N_foram_sd	description	String	Standard deviation of d15N_foram_avg
attribute	d15N_foram_sd	long_name	String	D15 N Foram Sd
attribute	d15N_foram_sd	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/IRBO/
attribute	d15N_foram_sd	units	String	per mil vs AIR
variable	d15N_foram_n		byte
attribute	d15N_foram_n	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	d15N_foram_n	actual_range	byte	1, 4
attribute	d15N_foram_n	bcodmo_name	String	num_reps
attribute	d15N_foram_n	description	String	Number of replicate measurements of d15N_foram_avg
attribute	d15N_foram_n	long_name	String	D15 N Foram N
attribute	d15N_foram_n	units	String	unitless
variable	indiv_avg		short
attribute	indiv_avg	_FillValue	short	32767
attribute	indiv_avg	actual_range	short	1, 200
attribute	indiv_avg	bcodmo_name	String	num_reps
attribute	indiv_avg	description	String	Average number of individual foraminifer specimens combined to make a measurement
attribute	indiv_avg	long_name	String	Indiv Avg
attribute	indiv_avg	units	String	unitless
variable	indiv_sd		byte
attribute	indiv_sd	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	indiv_sd	actual_range	byte	0, 0
attribute	indiv_sd	bcodmo_name	String	num_reps
attribute	indiv_sd	colorBarMaximum	double	50.0
attribute	indiv_sd	colorBarMinimum	double	0.0
attribute	indiv_sd	description	String	Standard deviation of indiv_avg
attribute	indiv_sd	long_name	String	Indiv Sd
attribute	indiv_sd	units	String	unitless
variable	indiv_n		byte
attribute	indiv_n	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	indiv_n	actual_range	byte	1, 4
attribute	indiv_n	bcodmo_name	String	num_reps
attribute	indiv_n	description	String	Number of replicate measurements of indiv_avg
attribute	indiv_n	long_name	String	Indiv N
attribute	indiv_n	units	String	unitless
variable	Ni_avg		float
attribute	Ni_avg	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	Ni_avg	actual_range	float	0.01, 29.7
attribute	Ni_avg	bcodmo_name	String	N
attribute	Ni_avg	description	String	Average nitrogen contents of foraminifera per individual
attribute	Ni_avg	long_name	String	Ni Avg
attribute	Ni_avg	units	String	nanomoles per individual (nmol/indiv)
variable	Ni_sd		float
attribute	Ni_sd	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	Ni_sd	actual_range	float	0.0, 1.05
attribute	Ni_sd	bcodmo_name	String	N
attribute	Ni_sd	colorBarMaximum	double	50.0
attribute	Ni_sd	colorBarMinimum	double	0.0
attribute	Ni_sd	description	String	Standard deviation of Ni_avg
attribute	Ni_sd	long_name	String	Ni Sd
attribute	Ni_sd	units	String	nanomoles per individual (nmol/indiv)
variable	Ni_n		byte
attribute	Ni_n	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	Ni_n	actual_range	byte	1, 4
attribute	Ni_n	bcodmo_name	String	num_reps
attribute	Ni_n	description	String	Number of replicate measurements of Ni_avg
attribute	Ni_n	long_name	String	Ni N
attribute	Ni_n	units	String	unitless
variable	Nw_avg		short
attribute	Nw_avg	_FillValue	short	32767
attribute	Nw_avg	actual_range	short	7, 905
attribute	Nw_avg	bcodmo_name	String	N
attribute	Nw_avg	description	String	Average nitrogen contents of foraminifera per milligram
attribute	Nw_avg	long_name	String	Nw Avg
attribute	Nw_avg	units	String	nanomoles per milligram (nmol/mg)
variable	Nw_sd		byte
attribute	Nw_sd	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	Nw_sd	actual_range	byte	0, 85
attribute	Nw_sd	bcodmo_name	String	N
attribute	Nw_sd	colorBarMaximum	double	50.0
attribute	Nw_sd	colorBarMinimum	double	0.0
attribute	Nw_sd	description	String	Standard deviation of Nw_avg
attribute	Nw_sd	long_name	String	NW SD
attribute	Nw_sd	units	String	nanomoles per milligram (nmol/mg)
variable	Nw_n		byte
attribute	Nw_n	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	Nw_n	actual_range	byte	1, 4
attribute	Nw_n	bcodmo_name	String	num_reps
attribute	Nw_n	description	String	Number of replicate measurements of Nw_avg
attribute	Nw_n	long_name	String	NW N
attribute	Nw_n	units	String	unitless
variable	d15N_avg_nitrate		float
attribute	d15N_avg_nitrate	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	d15N_avg_nitrate	actual_range	float	5.61, 11.37
attribute	d15N_avg_nitrate	bcodmo_name	String	dN15_NO3
attribute	d15N_avg_nitrate	colorBarMaximum	double	50.0
attribute	d15N_avg_nitrate	colorBarMinimum	double	0.0
attribute	d15N_avg_nitrate	description	String	Average d15N. d15N is the nitrogen isotopic composition of a sample (nitrate only) expressed in delta notation (d15N in units of per mil, ‰) relative to atmospheric N2, where d15N = {[(15N/14N)sample/(15N/14N)atmN2] – 1} × 1000
attribute	d15N_avg_nitrate	long_name	String	Mole Concentration Of Nitrate In Sea Water
attribute	d15N_avg_nitrate	units	String	per mil vs AIR
variable	conc_avg_nitrate		float
attribute	conc_avg_nitrate	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	conc_avg_nitrate	actual_range	float	4.44, 29.0
attribute	conc_avg_nitrate	bcodmo_name	String	NO3
attribute	conc_avg_nitrate	colorBarMaximum	double	50.0
attribute	conc_avg_nitrate	colorBarMinimum	double	0.0
attribute	conc_avg_nitrate	description	String	Concentration of nitrate in a seawater sample
attribute	conc_avg_nitrate	long_name	String	Mole Concentration Of Nitrate In Sea Water
attribute	conc_avg_nitrate	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/NTRAIGGS/
attribute	conc_avg_nitrate	units	String	micromolar (uM)
variable	d15N_avg_nitrate_nitrite		float
attribute	d15N_avg_nitrate_nitrite	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	d15N_avg_nitrate_nitrite	actual_range	float	5.32, 10.58
attribute	d15N_avg_nitrate_nitrite	bcodmo_name	String	15N of nitrate plus nitrite
attribute	d15N_avg_nitrate_nitrite	colorBarMaximum	double	50.0
attribute	d15N_avg_nitrate_nitrite	colorBarMinimum	double	0.0
attribute	d15N_avg_nitrate_nitrite	description	String	Average d15N. d15N is the nitrogen isotopic composition of a sample (nitrate+nitrite) expressed in delta notation (d15N in units of per mil, ‰) relative to atmospheric N2, where d15N = {[(15N/14N)sample/(15N/14N)atmN2] – 1} × 1000
attribute	d15N_avg_nitrate_nitrite	long_name	String	Mole Concentration Of Nitrate In Sea Water
attribute	d15N_avg_nitrate_nitrite	units	String	per mil vs AIR
variable	conc_avg_nitrate_nitrite		float
attribute	conc_avg_nitrate_nitrite	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	conc_avg_nitrate_nitrite	actual_range	float	4.56, 28.99
attribute	conc_avg_nitrate_nitrite	bcodmo_name	String	NO3_NO2
attribute	conc_avg_nitrate_nitrite	colorBarMaximum	double	50.0
attribute	conc_avg_nitrate_nitrite	colorBarMinimum	double	0.0
attribute	conc_avg_nitrate_nitrite	description	String	Concentration of nitrate+nitrite in a seawater sample
attribute	conc_avg_nitrate_nitrite	long_name	String	Mole Concentration Of Nitrate In Sea Water
attribute	conc_avg_nitrate_nitrite	units	String	micromolar (uM)
variable	temperature_ctd		float
attribute	temperature_ctd	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	temperature_ctd	actual_range	float	-0.57, 13.929
attribute	temperature_ctd	bcodmo_name	String	temperature
attribute	temperature_ctd	description	String	Temperature measured by CTD
attribute	temperature_ctd	long_name	String	Temperature Ctd
attribute	temperature_ctd	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/TEMPP901/
attribute	temperature_ctd	units	String	degrees Celsius
variable	salinity_ctd		float
attribute	salinity_ctd	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	salinity_ctd	actual_range	float	33.763, 35.086
attribute	salinity_ctd	bcodmo_name	String	sal
attribute	salinity_ctd	colorBarMaximum	double	37.0
attribute	salinity_ctd	colorBarMinimum	double	32.0
attribute	salinity_ctd	description	String	Salinity measured by CTD
attribute	salinity_ctd	long_name	String	Sea Water Practical Salinity
attribute	salinity_ctd	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/PSALST01/
attribute	salinity_ctd	units	String	psu
variable	oxygen_ctd		float
attribute	oxygen_ctd	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	oxygen_ctd	actual_range	float	4.926, 7.286
attribute	oxygen_ctd	bcodmo_name	String	dissolved Oxygen
attribute	oxygen_ctd	description	String	Oxygen measured by CTD
attribute	oxygen_ctd	long_name	String	Oxygen Ctd
attribute	oxygen_ctd	units	String	milliliters per liter (ml/l)
variable	fluorescence_ctd		float
attribute	fluorescence_ctd	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	fluorescence_ctd	actual_range	float	0.43, 1.592
attribute	fluorescence_ctd	bcodmo_name	String	fluorescence
attribute	fluorescence_ctd	description	String	Fluorescence measured by CTD
attribute	fluorescence_ctd	long_name	String	Fluorescence Ctd
attribute	fluorescence_ctd	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/CPHLPM01/
attribute	fluorescence_ctd	units	String	milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m3)
variable	potdens_calc		float
attribute	potdens_calc	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	potdens_calc	actual_range	float	1026.225, 1027.207
attribute	potdens_calc	bcodmo_name	String	density
attribute	potdens_calc	description	String	Potential density, calculated from temperature and salinity
attribute	potdens_calc	long_name	String	Potdens Calc
attribute	potdens_calc	units	String	kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m3)
variable	MLD_calc		short
attribute	MLD_calc	_FillValue	short	32767
attribute	MLD_calc	actual_range	short	43, 143
attribute	MLD_calc	bcodmo_name	String	depth_mixed_layer
attribute	MLD_calc	description	String	Calculated mixed layer depth at each profile station, defined as the closest depth to the surface at which potential density is greater by greater than or equal to 0.03 kg/m3 than the value at a reference depth of 11 m (the shallowest depth common to every CTD station), based on the criterion of de Boyer Montégut et al. (2004).
attribute	MLD_calc	long_name	String	MLD Calc
attribute	MLD_calc	units	String	meters (m)
variable	conc_PON_avg		float
attribute	conc_PON_avg	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	conc_PON_avg	actual_range	float	0.59, 1.27
attribute	conc_PON_avg	bcodmo_name	String	PON
attribute	conc_PON_avg	description	String	Average concentration of PON. PON is the bulk (> 0.3 um) particulate organic nitrogen in surface waters filtered from the ship’s underway intake during the net tow.
attribute	conc_PON_avg	long_name	String	Conc PON Avg
attribute	conc_PON_avg	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/MDMAP013/
attribute	conc_PON_avg	units	String	micromolar (uM)
variable	conc_PON_sd		float
attribute	conc_PON_sd	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	conc_PON_sd	actual_range	float	0.01, 0.34
attribute	conc_PON_sd	bcodmo_name	String	PON
attribute	conc_PON_sd	colorBarMaximum	double	50.0
attribute	conc_PON_sd	colorBarMinimum	double	0.0
attribute	conc_PON_sd	description	String	Standard deviation of PON concentration
attribute	conc_PON_sd	long_name	String	Conc PON Sd
attribute	conc_PON_sd	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/MDMAP013/
attribute	conc_PON_sd	units	String	micromolar (uM)
variable	conc_PON_n		byte
attribute	conc_PON_n	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	conc_PON_n	actual_range	byte	3, 4
attribute	conc_PON_n	bcodmo_name	String	num_reps
attribute	conc_PON_n	description	String	Number of replicate measurements of PON concentration
attribute	conc_PON_n	long_name	String	Conc PON N
attribute	conc_PON_n	units	String	unitless
variable	d15N_PON_avg		float
attribute	d15N_PON_avg	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	d15N_PON_avg	actual_range	float	-3.3, 4.93
attribute	d15N_PON_avg	bcodmo_name	String	d15N
attribute	d15N_PON_avg	description	String	Average d15N of PON. d15N is the nitrogen isotopic composition of a sample (nitrate only) expressed in delta notation (d15N in units of per mil, ‰) relative to atmospheric N2, where d15N = {[(15N/14N)sample/(15N/14N)atmN2] – 1} × 1000
attribute	d15N_PON_avg	long_name	String	D15 N PON Avg
attribute	d15N_PON_avg	units	String	per mil vs AIR
variable	d15N_PON_sd		float
attribute	d15N_PON_sd	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	d15N_PON_sd	actual_range	float	0.03, 0.44
attribute	d15N_PON_sd	bcodmo_name	String	d15N
attribute	d15N_PON_sd	colorBarMaximum	double	50.0
attribute	d15N_PON_sd	colorBarMinimum	double	0.0
attribute	d15N_PON_sd	description	String	Standard deviation of d15N of PON
attribute	d15N_PON_sd	long_name	String	D15 N PON Sd
attribute	d15N_PON_sd	units	String	per mil vs AIR
variable	d15N_PON_n		byte
attribute	d15N_PON_n	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	d15N_PON_n	actual_range	byte	3, 4
attribute	d15N_PON_n	bcodmo_name	String	num_reps
attribute	d15N_PON_n	description	String	Number of replicate measurements of d15N of PON
attribute	d15N_PON_n	long_name	String	D15 N PON N
attribute	d15N_PON_n	units	String	unitless
variable	d15N_zoop_avg		float
attribute	d15N_zoop_avg	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	d15N_zoop_avg	actual_range	float	-1.75, 5.68
attribute	d15N_zoop_avg	bcodmo_name	String	d15N_bio
attribute	d15N_zoop_avg	description	String	Average d15N of zooplankton. zoop refers to the bulk (i.e.,
attribute	d15N_zoop_avg	long_name	String	D15 N Zoop Avg
attribute	d15N_zoop_avg	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/IRBO/
attribute	d15N_zoop_avg	units	String	per mil vs AIR
variable	d15N_zoop_se		float
attribute	d15N_zoop_se	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	d15N_zoop_se	actual_range	float	0.16, 1.48
attribute	d15N_zoop_se	bcodmo_name	String	d15N_bio
attribute	d15N_zoop_se	description	String	Standard error of the d15N of zooplankton
attribute	d15N_zoop_se	long_name	String	D15 N Zoop Se
attribute	d15N_zoop_se	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P02/current/IRBO/
attribute	d15N_zoop_se	units	String	per mil vs AIR
variable	d15N_zoop_n		byte
attribute	d15N_zoop_n	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	d15N_zoop_n	actual_range	byte	5, 8
attribute	d15N_zoop_n	bcodmo_name	String	num_reps
attribute	d15N_zoop_n	description	String	Number of replicate measurements of the d15N of zooplankton
attribute	d15N_zoop_n	long_name	String	D15 N Zoop N
attribute	d15N_zoop_n	units	String	unitless
variable	time		double
attribute	time	_CoordinateAxisType	String	Time
attribute	time	actual_range	double	1.4379984E9, NaN
attribute	time	axis	String	T
attribute	time	bcodmo_name	String	ISO_DateTime_UTC
attribute	time	description	String	Date and time (UTC) of start of tow formatted to ISO 8601 standard; format: yyyy-mm-ddTHH:MM:SSZ
attribute	time	ioos_category	String	Time
attribute	time	long_name	String	ISO Date Time UTC Starttow
attribute	time	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/DTUT8601/
attribute	time	standard_name	String	time
attribute	time	time_origin	String	01-JAN-1970 00:00:00
attribute	time	units	String	seconds since 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z
variable	ISO_DateTime_UTC_endtow		String
attribute	ISO_DateTime_UTC_endtow	bcodmo_name	String	ISO_DateTime_UTC
attribute	ISO_DateTime_UTC_endtow	description	String	Date and time (UTC) of end of tow formatted to ISO 8601 standard; format: yyyy-mm-ddTHH:MM:SSZ
attribute	ISO_DateTime_UTC_endtow	long_name	String	ISO Date Time UTC Endtow
attribute	ISO_DateTime_UTC_endtow	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/DTUT8601/
attribute	ISO_DateTime_UTC_endtow	units	String	unitless

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