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| Dataset Title: | Chronoamperometry data from cathodic poised potential experiments with subsurface crustal samples from CORK borehole observatories at North Pond on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge during R/V Atlantis cruise AT39-01 
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| Institution: | BCO-DMO (Dataset ID: bcodmo_dataset_780127) |
| Information: | Summary
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| ISO 19115
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Attributes {
s {
Time_s {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range 50.0, 1270000.0;
String bcodmo_name "time_elapsed";
String description "time in seconds (s) from start of experiment";
String long_name "Time S";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ELTMZZZZ/";
String units "seconds (s)";
}
Time_min {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range 0.83, 21100.0;
String bcodmo_name "time_elapsed";
String description "time in minutes (min) from start of experiment";
String long_name "Time Min";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ELTMZZZZ/";
String units "minutes (min)";
}
Time_h {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range 0.01, 352.49;
String bcodmo_name "time_elapsed";
String description "time in hours (h) from start of experiment";
String long_name "Time H";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ELTMZZZZ/";
String units "hours (h)";
}
Time_d {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range 0.0, 14.69;
String bcodmo_name "time_elapsed";
String description "time in days (d) from start of experiment";
String long_name "Time D";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ELTMZZZZ/";
String units "days (d)";
}
CH1_A {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range -1.37e-4, -2.81e-6;
String bcodmo_name "unknown";
String description "current of the Channel 1 electrode at each time point";
String long_name "CH1 A";
String units "amps (A)";
}
CH2_A {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range -3.88e-5, -1.72e-6;
String bcodmo_name "unknown";
String description "current of the Channel 2 electrode at each time point";
String long_name "CH2 A";
String units "amps (A)";
}
CH3_A {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range -1.05e-4, -1.2e-6;
String bcodmo_name "unknown";
String description "current of the Channel 3 electrode at each time point";
String long_name "CH3 A";
String units "amps (A)";
}
CH4_A {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range -3.48e-5, -4.32e-7;
String bcodmo_name "unknown";
String description "current of the Channel 4 electrode at each time point";
String long_name "CH4 A";
String units "amps (A)";
}
CH1_uA_per_cm2 {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range -17.1, -0.351;
String bcodmo_name "unknown";
String description "current density for the Channel 1 electrode at each time point";
String long_name "CH1 U A Per Cm2";
String units "microamps per square centimeter (uA cm-2)";
}
CH2_uA_per_cm2 {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range -4.85, -0.215;
String bcodmo_name "unknown";
String description "current density for the Channel 2 electrode at each time point";
String long_name "CH2 U A Per Cm2";
String units "microamps per square centimeter (uA cm-2)";
}
CH3_uA_per_cm2 {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range -13.2, -0.15;
String bcodmo_name "unknown";
String description "current density for the Channel 3 electrode at each time point";
String long_name "CH3 U A Per Cm2";
String units "microamps per square centimeter (uA cm-2)";
}
CH4_uA_per_cm2 {
Float32 _FillValue NaN;
Float32 actual_range -4.35, -0.0541;
String bcodmo_name "unknown";
String description "current density for the Channel 4 electrode at each time point";
String long_name "CH4 U A Per Cm2";
String units "microamps per square centimeter (uA cm-2)";
}
ExperimentID {
String bcodmo_name "exp_id";
String description "text description of experiment with microbial fuel cells; values of NP11, NP12, NP13, NP14 or NP15";
String long_name "Experiment ID";
String units "unitless";
}
FluidSource {
String bcodmo_name "site_descrip";
String description "name of the IODP borehole location where crustal fluid was collected for preparing microbial fuel cell media; values of U1382A (from IODP Hole U1382A shallow horizon), U1383Cdeep (from IODP Hole U1383C deep horizon), or U1383Cshallow (from IODP Hole U1383C shallow horizon)";
String long_name "Fluid Source";
String units "unitless";
}
FluidcollectionCruise {
String bcodmo_name "cruise_id";
String description "name of the cruise and ROV Jason dive number when the crustal fluid was collected; values of AT39-01 (R/V Atlantis cruise AT39-01) + J2-#### (ROV Jason dive number)";
String long_name "Fluidcollection Cruise";
String units "unitless";
}
FluidcollectionDate {
String bcodmo_name "date";
String description "date of the collection of the crustal fluids, in ISO 8601 format yyyy-mm-dd";
String long_name "Fluidcollection Date";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/ADATAA01/";
String source_name "FluidcollectionDate";
String time_precision "1970-01-01";
String units "unitless";
}
latitude {
String _CoordinateAxisType "Lat";
Float64 _FillValue NaN;
Float64 actual_range 22.7564, 22.8023;
String axis "Y";
String bcodmo_name "latitude";
Float64 colorBarMaximum 90.0;
Float64 colorBarMinimum -90.0;
String description "Latitude of the FLOCS experiment";
String ioos_category "Location";
String long_name "Latitude";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LATX/";
String standard_name "latitude";
String units "degrees_north";
}
longitude {
String _CoordinateAxisType "Lon";
Float64 _FillValue NaN;
Float64 actual_range -46.0817, -46.053;
String axis "X";
String bcodmo_name "longitude";
Float64 colorBarMaximum 180.0;
Float64 colorBarMinimum -180.0;
String description "Longitude of the FLOCS experiment";
String ioos_category "Location";
String long_name "Longitude";
String nerc_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P09/current/LONX/";
String standard_name "longitude";
String units "degrees_east";
}
WaterDepth {
Int16 _FillValue 32767;
Int16 actual_range 4414, 4483;
String bcodmo_name "depth_w";
String description "water depth to seafloor of the IODP Hole";
String long_name "Water Depth";
String units "meters (m)";
}
}
NC_GLOBAL {
String access_formats ".htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv,.esriCsv,.geoJson";
String acquisition_description
"Samples for this study come from CORK observatories installed at IODP Holes
U1382A and U1383C as described elsewhere (Edwards et al., 2012b). In brief,
instrument strings containing OsmoSampler systems (Wheat et al., 2011) were
deployed at different depths within the holes from 2011-2017. Additional
OsmoSampler systems were deployed at the wellhead of the CORKs in 2014 and
were inoculated with bottom seawater, making them useful for identifying
differences between crustal subsurface and bottom seawater inoculated
microbial communities. OsmoSampler systems included Flow-through Osmo
Colonization Systems (FLOCS) for mineral colonization experiments, as
described elsewhere (Ramrez et al., 2019). Each FLOCS contained sterile
(autoclaved and ethanol-rinsed) substrates including crushed basalts, pyrite,
pyrrhotite, or inert glass beads housed within polycarbonate cassettes and
sleeves. Fluids were introduced into the FLOCS via the OsmoSampler pumps,
allowing fluid microbial communities to colonize the substrates.
All FLOCS were recovered in October 2017 during cruise AT39-01 of the RV
Atlantis with the ROV Jason (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) following
methods described elsewhere (Ramrez et al., 2019). In brief, the instrument
strings with the downhole FLOCS were pulled up to the ship on a wire, then
immediately disassembled to store the FLOCS in a cold room. Wellhead FLOCS
incubated in milkcrates attached to crustal fluid umbilicals at the seafloor
were also collected on this cruise with the ROV. FLOCS contents were
distributed inside an ethanol-rinsed and UV-irradiated HEPA-filtered hood
using sterile instruments. Substrates for the experiment were stored cold
(2-4C) and in the dark in sterile centrifuge tubes with ultrafiltered (0.22
m-mesh Millipore Sterivex and 0.02 m-mesh Whatman Anotop 25 filters) crustal
fluid until incubation at the shore-based laboratory. Parallel samples for
initial characterization of the substrate biofilms were transferred to sterile
cyrovials, flash frozen with liquid nitrogen, and stored at -80C until
analysis. In addition to the FLOCS samples, 4-10L samples of raw and
unfiltered crustal fluids were collected into ethanol-rinsed cubitainers after
collection into gamma-irradiated bags on the seafloor using a Mobile Pumping
System. Cubitainers were stored cold (2-4C) and in the dark for approximately
one year before beginning the experiments.
A detailed description of the cathodic poised potential protocol used is
available elsewhere (Jones and Orcutt, 2019). In brief, glass two-cell, three-
electrode MFC systems (Adams and Chittenden, CA, USA) were used as incubations
chambers, run in parallel with a multichannel potentiostat (model CHI1030C,
CHI Instruments, TX, USA). Nafion 117 proton exchange membrane (Fuel Cell
Store, TX) separated the half-cells. Cells were filled with distilled water
and autoclaved prior to filling with media and sample inocula. Ag/AgCl
reference electrodes (Gamry Instruments, PA, USA part 932-00018 and/or
Analytical Instrument Systems, NY, USA) were calibrated before each run by
immersion in 3 M NaCl and compared against a known electrode kept only for
that purpose (max +/- 20 mV drift from the value of lab master electrode).
Working electrodes (WEs) were 2 4 cm2 Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) coated glass
slides (Delta Technologies Ltd, CO, USA part CB-50IN-1111), constructed for
MFC as described elsewhere (Rowe et al., 2015). Counter electrodes (CEs) were
carbon cloth with a 4 4 cm2 surface area. Electrodes were sterilized by
rinsing with 80% ethanol, air-drying, then exposing to UV radiation for 15
minutes per side.
Each experiment consisted of five treatments: Three MFCs filled with buffered
and double autoclaved crustal fluid (cool and oxic), inoculated with samples,
and incubated with a WE set poised at -200 mV versus a standard hydrogen
electrode (SHE) referred to as the Echem treatments; one MFC filled with the
same fluid and WE but without any sample inoculum referred to as the Fluid
treatment; and one glass bottle with a mixed sample inoculum and ITO electrode
without any voltage applied referred to as the Offline treatment. Samples were
transferred into the MFCs in HEPA-filtered, UV-irradiated biosafety cabinet or
hood using sterile tools. An aliquot of each sample was also collected into a
sterile plastic tube for microbial community analysis representing a time zero
(T0) condition that may have changed from the Shipboard (SB) initial
condition. For the Echem and Fluid treatments, the counter cell redox couple
was H2O/O2. Testing (data not shown) determined that a strong kill control
method was necessary to achieve sterility of the crustal fluid, consisting of
1 h autoclaving at 121C, incubation at room temperature in the dark for ~24 h
to allow for spore germination, and then another 1 h autoclaving at 121C
before cooling down to 4C for the addition of substrate. Sodium bicarbonate
was added to the media (0.1 M) as a buffer. MFCs were incubated at 4C in the
dark.
Once the MFCs were constructed, a cyclic voltammetry (CV) sweep was performed
for each cell with the potentiostat before each poised potential experiment at
a scan rate of 0.1 V s-1 and sample interval of 0.001 V, across -1 to 1 V
range. Then the chronoamperometry (CA) experiments began by applying a
constant voltage (-200 mV versus SHE) to the Echem and Fluid MFCs. Current
generation was monitored and recorded until current changes began to decline
after a period of approximately 15 days. At the end of each CA experiment, two
further CV sweeps were performed: one with the incubated ITO electrode (Tend
i) and one with a fresh ITO electrode dipped into the incubated media (Tend
ii).";
String awards_0_award_nid "707761";
String awards_0_award_number "OCE-1536539";
String awards_0_data_url "http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1536539";
String awards_0_funder_name "NSF Division of Ocean Sciences";
String awards_0_funding_acronym "NSF OCE";
String awards_0_funding_source_nid "355";
String awards_0_program_manager "Barbara Ransom";
String awards_0_program_manager_nid "661067";
String cdm_data_type "Other";
String comment
"AT39-01 CathodicEET Chronoamperometry
PI: Beth Orcutt
Data Version 1: 2019-10-30";
String Conventions "COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3";
String creator_email "info@bco-dmo.org";
String creator_name "BCO-DMO";
String creator_type "institution";
String creator_url "https://www.bco-dmo.org/";
String data_source "extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019";
String date_created "2019-10-30T15:29:49Z";
String date_modified "2020-02-11T16:02:29Z";
String defaultDataQuery "&time<now";
String doi "10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.780127.1";
Float64 Easternmost_Easting -46.053;
Float64 geospatial_lat_max 22.8023;
Float64 geospatial_lat_min 22.7564;
String geospatial_lat_units "degrees_north";
Float64 geospatial_lon_max -46.053;
Float64 geospatial_lon_min -46.0817;
String geospatial_lon_units "degrees_east";
String history
"2024-04-19T05:49:58Z (local files)
2024-04-19T05:49:58Z https://erddap.bco-dmo.org/erddap/tabledap/bcodmo_dataset_780127.html";
String infoUrl "https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/780127";
String institution "BCO-DMO";
String instruments_0_acronym "Voltammetry Analyzers";
String instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid "780221";
String instruments_0_description "Instruments that obtain information about an analyte by applying a potential and measuring the current produced in the analyte.";
String instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier "https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB35/";
String instruments_0_instrument_name "Voltammetry Analyzers";
String instruments_0_instrument_nid "698";
String instruments_0_supplied_name "multichannel potentiostat (model CHI1030C, CHI Instruments, TX, USA)
";
String keywords "bco, bco-dmo, biological, ch1, CH1_A, CH1_uA_per_cm2, ch2, CH2_A, CH2_uA_per_cm2, ch3, CH3_A, CH3_uA_per_cm2, ch4, CH4_A, CH4_uA_per_cm2, chemical, cm2, cruise, data, dataset, date, depth, dmo, erddap, experiment, ExperimentID, fluid, fluidcollection, FluidcollectionCruise, FluidSource, latitude, longitude, management, min, oceanography, office, per, preliminary, source, time, Time_d, Time_h, Time_min, Time_s, u, water, WaterDepth";
String license "https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/780127/license";
String metadata_source "https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/780127";
Float64 Northernmost_Northing 22.8023;
String param_mapping "{'780127': {'Latitude': 'master - latitude', 'Longitude': 'master - longitude'}}";
String parameter_source "https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/780127/parameters";
String people_0_affiliation "Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences";
String people_0_person_name "Beth N. Orcutt";
String people_0_person_nid "565799";
String people_0_role "Principal Investigator";
String people_0_role_type "originator";
String people_1_affiliation "Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution";
String people_1_affiliation_acronym "WHOI BCO-DMO";
String people_1_person_name "Amber York";
String people_1_person_nid "643627";
String people_1_role "BCO-DMO Data Manager";
String people_1_role_type "related";
String project "North Pond 2017";
String projects_0_acronym "North Pond 2017";
String projects_0_description
"NSF Award Abstract:
Seawater circulates through the upper part of the oceanic crust much like groundwater flows through continental aquifers. However, in the ocean this seawater circulation, many times heated by buried magmatic bodies, transports and releases 25% of the Earth's heat. The rate of fluid flow through ocean crust is estimated to be equal to the amount of water delivered by rivers to the ocean. Much of what we know of this subseafloor fluid flow comes from studies in the eastern Pacific Ocean on ocean crust created by medium and fast spreading mid-ocean ridges. These studies indicate that seawater and its circulation through the seafloor significantly impact crustal evolution and biogeochemical cycles in the ocean and affect the biosphere in ways that are just now beginning to be quantified and understood. To expand this understanding, this research focuses on fluid flow of seafloor generated by slow spreading ridges, like those in the Atlantic, Indian and Arctic Oceans because it is significantly different in structure, mineralogy, and morphology than that formed at fast and intermediate spreading ridges. This research returns to North Pond, a long-term; seafloor; fluid flow monitoring site, drilled and instumented by the Ocean Drilling Program in the Atlantic Ocean. This research site was punctured by boreholes in which fluid flow and geochemical and biological samplers have been deployed for a number of years to collect data and samples. It also provides resources for shipboard and on-shore geochemical and biological analysis. Broader impacts of the work include sensor and technology development, which increases infrastructure for science and has commercial applications. It also provides training for students and the integration of education and research at three US academic institutions, one of which is an EPSCoR state (Mississippi), and supports a PI whose gender is under-represented in sciences and engineering. Public outreach will be carried out in conjunction with the Center for Dark Energy Biosphere Investigations.
This project completes a long-term biogeochemical and hydrologic study of ridge flank hydrothermal processes on slow-spreading, 8 million year old crust on the western flank of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The site, North Pond, is an isolated northeast-trending sediment pond, bounded by undersea mountains that have been studied since the 1970s. During Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 336 in 2011 and an expedition five months later (2012), sensors, samplers, and experiments were deployed in four borehole observatories drilled into the seafloor that penetrated into volcanic crust, with the purpose of monitoring changes in hydrologic properties, crustal fluid composition and mineral alteration, among other objectives. Wellhead sampling in 2012 and 2014 already revealed changes in crustal fluid compositions; and associated pressure data confirm that the boreholes are sealed and overpressured, reflecting a change in the formation as the boreholes recover from drilling disturbances. This research includes a 13-day oceanographic expedition and use of on-site robotically operated vehicles to recover downhole instrument packages at North Pond. It will allow the sampling of crustal fluids, recovering pressure data, and measuring fluid flow rates. Ship- and shore-based analyses will be used to address fundamental questions related to the hydrogeology of hydrothermal processes on slow-spread crust.";
String projects_0_end_date "2018-09";
String projects_0_geolocation "North Pond, Mid-Atlantic Ridge flank CORKs";
String projects_0_name "Collaborative Research: Completing North Pond Borehole Experiments to Elucidate the Hydrology of Young, Slow-Spread Crust";
String projects_0_project_nid "707762";
String projects_0_project_website "http://www.darkenergybiosphere.org/research-activities/field-sites/";
String projects_0_start_date "2015-10";
String publisher_name "Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)";
String publisher_type "institution";
String sourceUrl "(local files)";
Float64 Southernmost_Northing 22.7564;
String standard_name_vocabulary "CF Standard Name Table v55";
String summary "Chronoamperometry data from cathodic poised potential experiments with subsurface crustal samples from CORK borehole observatories at North Pond on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge during R/V Atlantis cruise AT39-01.";
String title "Chronoamperometry data from cathodic poised potential experiments with subsurface crustal samples from CORK borehole observatories at North Pond on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge during R/V Atlantis cruise AT39-01";
String version "1";
Float64 Westernmost_Easting -46.0817;
String xml_source "osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3";
}
}
Data Access Protocol (DAP) and its
selection constraints.
The URL specifies what you want: the dataset, a description of the graph or the subset of the data, and the file type for the response.
Tabledap request URLs must be in the form
https://coastwatch.pfeg.noaa.gov/erddap/tabledap/datasetID.fileType{?query}
For example,
https://coastwatch.pfeg.noaa.gov/erddap/tabledap/pmelTaoDySst.htmlTable?longitude,latitude,time,station,wmo_platform_code,T_25&time>=2015-05-23T12:00:00Z&time<=2015-05-31T12:00:00Z
Thus, the query is often a comma-separated list of desired variable names,
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constraints (e.g., variable<value),
each preceded by '&' (which is interpreted as "AND").
For details, see the tabledap Documentation.