ERDDAP > info > bcodmo_dataset_489471

Grid DAP Data	Sub- set	Table DAP Data	Make A Graph	W M S	Source Data Files	Acces- sible	Title	Sum- mary	FGDC, ISO, Metadata	Back- ground Info	RSS	E mail	Institution	Dataset ID
	set	data	graph		files	public	[pteropod shell dissolution] - Pteropod shell dissolution in natural and high-CO2 environments from samples collected on RRS James Clark Ross cruise JR177 in the Scotia Sea, Southern Ocean from 2007-2008 (An Investigation of the Role of Nutrition in the Coral Calcification Response to Ocean Acidification)		I   M	background			BCO-DMO	bcodmo_dataset_489471

The Dataset's Variables and Attributes

Row Type	Variable Name	Attribute Name	Data Type	Value
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	access_formats	String	.htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	acquisition_description	String	Sample collection: Pteropods were collected from upper ocean water down to a maximum depth of 200 m from various locations across the Scotia Sea using a combination of vertically and obliquely towed Bongo nets and MOCNESS nets during the JR177 research cruise. Oblique tows were carried out at speeds of less than 1 knot. Experimental conditions: A fraction of the captured specimens was preserved immediately in 70% ethanol to act as controls for comparison with those exposed to raised pCO2 conditions. A further fraction of specimens was incubated at various levels of pCO2 to test the effect on shell dissolution. Two liter bottles containing filtered sea water (0.7 um filters) were bubbled with air/CO2 mixtures of 500 ppm, 750 ppm, and 1200 ppm, until the required xCO2 was reached. An average of 30 live pteropod of Limacina helicina ant. were incubated in each experimental container and maintained for 4, 8, and 14 days before extraction and immediate preservation in 70% ethanol. The majority of specimens were juvenile stages of Limacina helicina ant., but the incubations were also carried out on adult stages of both Limacina helicina ant. and Clio pyramidata f. ant. Omega was assessed from measurements of DIC (dissolved inorganic carbon) and total alkalinity (TA) at the start and end of each incubation experiment. DIC and TA were measured using VINDTA instrument (Versatile INstrument for the Determination of Titration Alkalinity, Marianda, Kiel, Germany) following the Standard Operating Procedures for oceanic CO2 measurements (Dickson et al. 2007) with a Certified Reference Material (CRM) analysed in duplicate at the beginning and end of each sample analysis day. Other carbonate chemistry parameters (total pH and Omega-aragonite) were calculated from all discrete samples using\u00a0 DIC, TA, temperature, salinity, pressure and macronutrient concentrations using the CO2SYS programme (Lewis and Wallace 1998) with thermodynamic dissociation constants for K1 and K2 by Mehrbach et al. (1973) refitted by Dickson & Millero (1987). Shell dehydration: Dehydration was undertaken using 2,2-Dimethoxypropane (DMP; chemical formula: (CH3)2C(OCH3)2), and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS; chemical formula: (CH3)3SiNHSi(CH3)3). Before starting dehydration with DMP, the shells were transferred to 50% methanol for two 5 min washes then transferred to 85% methanol (10 min). Complete tissue dehydration was accomplished by immersion in DMP: two changes at 15-20 min each. It was important not to let the shells air dry at this stage, so they were transferred to a 1:1 mixture of DMP and HMDS for about 10 min, followed by 100% HMDS for 20\u201325 min twice. The HMDS was subsequently allowed to evaporate allowing the shells to dry completely (Figure 2 of Bednarsek et al., 2012). The moderate vapor pressure and very low surface tension of HMDS allowed the shells to dry without distortion or loss of shell integrity. SEM: Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was done using a JEOL JSM 5900LV fitted with a tungsten filament at an acceleration voltage of 15 kV and a working distance of about 10 mm. Analysis of SEM photos enabled observation of the shell surface and identification of shell dissolution. Refer to Bednarsek et al. (2012) for more information on dissolution types.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_nid	String	54896
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_number	String	OCE-1041106
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_data_url	String	http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1041106
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funder_name	String	NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_acronym	String	NSF OCE
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_source_nid	String	355
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_program_manager	String	David L. Garrison
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_program_manager_nid	String	50534
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_award_nid	String	489479
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_award_number	String	NE/H017267/1
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_data_url	String	http://gtr.rcuk.ac.uk/project/098910A1-90B5-48DD-8EDA-E546F7FD36EC
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_funder_name	String	United Kingdom Natural Environmental Research Council
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_funding_acronym	String	NERC
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_1_funding_source_nid	String	363
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_award_nid	String	489482
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_award_number	String	MEST-CT-2004-514159
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_funder_name	String	European Commission Marie Curie Actions Program
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_funding_acronym	String	EC - Marie Curie Actions
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_2_funding_source_nid	String	489481
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	cdm_data_type	String	Other
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	comment	String	Pteropod shell dissolution Lead PI: Geraint Tarling Co-PIs: Dorothee C.E. Bakker & Sophie Fielding Contact: Nina Bednarsek (NOAA) Version: 03 Feb 2014
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Conventions	String	COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_email	String	info at bco-dmo.org
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_name	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_url	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	data_source	String	extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_created	String	2014-02-03T21:24:03Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_modified	String	2019-11-21T17:45:15Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	defaultDataQuery	String	&time<now
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	doi	String	10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.489471.1
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	infoUrl	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/489471
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	institution	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_acronym	String	Bongo Net
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_dataset_instrument_description	String	Specimens were collected by vertically integrating the upper 200 m using a vertical Bongo (mesh size 200 um with an opening of 0.5 m2) and a towed Bongo net (2 nets, with 300 um and 600 um mesh sizes).
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid	String	489534
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_description	String	A Bongo Net consists of paired plankton nets, typically with a 60 cm diameter mouth opening and varying mesh sizes, 10 to 1000 micron. The Bongo Frame was designed by the National Marine Fisheries Service for use in the MARMAP program. It consists of two cylindrical collars connected with a yoke so that replicate samples are collected at the same time. Variations in models are designed for either vertical hauls (OI-2500 = NMFS Pairovet-Style, MARMAP Bongo, CalVET) or both oblique and vertical hauls (Aquatic Research). The OI-1200 has an opening and closing mechanism that allows discrete "known-depth" sampling. This model is large enough to filter water at the rate of 47.5 m3/minute when towing at a speed of two knots. More information: Ocean Instruments, Aquatic Research, Sea-Gear
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_instrument_external_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/NETT0009/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_instrument_name	String	Bongo Net
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_instrument_nid	String	410
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_supplied_name	String	Bongo Net
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_1_acronym	String	MOCNESS
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_1_dataset_instrument_description	String	Pteropods were collected using a combination of vertically and obliquely towed Bongo nets and MOCNESS nets
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_1_dataset_instrument_nid	String	489535
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_1_description	String	The Multiple Opening/Closing Net and Environmental Sensing System or MOCNESS is a family of net systems based on the Tucker Trawl principle. There are currently 8 different sizes of MOCNESS in existence which are designed for capture of different size ranges of zooplankton and micro-nekton Each system is designated according to the size of the net mouth opening and in two cases, the number of nets it carries. The original MOCNESS (Wiebe et al, 1976) was a redesigned and improved version of a system described by Frost and McCrone (1974).(from MOCNESS manual) This designation is used when the specific type of MOCNESS (number and size of nets) was not specified by the contributing investigator.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_1_instrument_external_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/NETT0097/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_1_instrument_name	String	MOCNESS
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_1_instrument_nid	String	511
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_1_supplied_name	String	MOCNESS
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_2_acronym	String	inorganic carbon and alkalinity analyser
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_2_dataset_instrument_description	String	DIC and TA were measured using VINDTA instrument (Versatile INstrument for the Determination of Titration Alkalinity, Marianda, Kiel, Germany) following the Standard Operating Procedures for oceanic CO2 measurements (Dickson et al. 2007).
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_2_dataset_instrument_nid	String	489536
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_2_description	String	The Versatile INstrument for the Determination of Total inorganic carbon and titration Alkalinity (VINDTA) 3C is a laboratory alkalinity titration system combined with an extraction unit for coulometric titration, which simultaneously determines the alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon content of a sample. The sample transport is performed with peristaltic pumps and acid is added to the sample using a membrane pump. No pressurizing system is required and only one gas supply (nitrogen or dry and CO2-free air) is necessary. The system uses a Metrohm Titrino 719S, an ORION-Ross pH electrode and a Metrohm reference electrode. The burette, the pipette and the analysis cell have a water jacket around them. Precision is typically +/- 1 umol/kg for TA and/or DIC in open ocean water.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_2_instrument_external_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L22/current/TOOL0481/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_2_instrument_name	String	MARIANDA VINDTA 3C total inorganic carbon and titration alkalinity analyser
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_2_instrument_nid	String	686
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_2_supplied_name	String	inorganic carbon and alkalinity analyser
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_3_dataset_instrument_description	String	SEM was done using a JEOL JSM 5900LV fitted with a tungsten filament at an acceleration voltage of 15 kV and a working distance of about 10 mm.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_3_dataset_instrument_nid	String	489537
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_3_description	String	Instruments that generate enlarged images of samples using the phenomena of reflection and absorption of electrons behaving as waves.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_3_instrument_external_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/L05/current/LAB07/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_3_instrument_name	String	Microscope-Electron
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_3_instrument_nid	String	709
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_3_supplied_name	String	Scanning Electron Microscope
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	keywords	String	alk, alk_tot, alk_tot_stdev, altimetry, arg, bco, bco-dmo, bicarbonate, bicarbonate_stdev, biological, carbon, carbon dioxide, carbonate, carbonate_stdev, chemical, chemistry, co2, co3, concentration, data, dataset, deviation, dic, DIC_stdev, dioxide, diss, diss_rate1, diss_rate1_stdev, diss_rate2, diss_rate2_stdev, diss_rate3, diss_rate3_stdev, dmo, earth, Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > pH, Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Phosphate, Earth Science > Oceans > Ocean Chemistry > Silicate, erddap, incubation, incubation_time, laboratory, management, mass, mass_concentration_of_phosphate_in_sea_water, mass_concentration_of_silicate_in_sea_water, non, non_diss, non_diss_stdev, ocean, oceanography, oceans, office, omega, omega_Arg, omega_Arg_stdev, pCO2, pCO2_stdev, pH_stdev, phosphate, po4, preliminary, rate1, rate2, rate3, reported, sal, satellite, scale, science, sea, sea_water_ph_reported_on_total_scale, seawater, silicate, species, standard, standard deviation, stdev, temperature, time, tot, total, treatment, water
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	keywords_vocabulary	String	GCMD Science Keywords
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	license	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/489471/license
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	metadata_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/489471
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	param_mapping	String	{'489471': {}}
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	parameter_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/489471/parameters
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_affiliation	String	British Antarctic Survey
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_affiliation_acronym	String	BAS
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_name	String	Geraint Tarling
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_nid	String	489466
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role	String	Lead Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_affiliation	String	University of East Anglia
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_affiliation_acronym	String	UEA
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_name	String	Dorothee C.E. Bakker
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_nid	String	50929
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role	String	Co-Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_affiliation	String	British Antarctic Survey
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_affiliation_acronym	String	BAS
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_person_name	String	Sophie Fielding
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_person_nid	String	489467
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_role	String	Co-Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_affiliation	String	National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_affiliation_acronym	String	NOAA-PMEL
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_person_name	String	Nina Bednarsek
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_person_nid	String	489468
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_role	String	Contact
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_role_type	String	related
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_4_affiliation	String	Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_4_affiliation_acronym	String	WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_4_person_name	String	Shannon Rauch
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_4_person_nid	String	51498
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_4_role	String	BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_4_role_type	String	related
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	project	String	OA Nutrition and Coral Calcification
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_acronym	String	OA Nutrition and Coral Calcification
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_description	String	The project description is a modification of the original NSF award abstract. This research project is part of the larger NSF funded CRI-OA collaborative research initiative and was funded as an Ocean Acidification-Category 1, 2010 award. Over the course of this century, all tropical coral reef ecosystems, whether fringing heavily populated coastlines or lining remote islands and atolls, face unprecedented threat from ocean acidification caused by rising levels of atmospheric CO2. In many laboratory experiments conducted to date, calcium carbonate production (calcification) by scleractinian (stony) corals showed an inverse correlation to seawater saturation state OMEGAar), whether OMEGAar was manipulated by acid or CO2 addition. Based on these data, it is predicted that coral calcification rates could decline by up to 80% of modern values by the end of this century. A growing body of new experimental data however, suggests that the coral calcification response to ocean acidification may be less straightforward and a lot more variable than previously recognized. In at least 10 recent experiments including our own, 8 different tropical and temperate species reared under nutritionally-replete but significantly elevated CO2 conditions (780-1200 ppm, OMEAGar ~1.5-2), continued to calcify at rates comparable to conspecifics reared under ambient CO2. These experimental results are consistent with initial field data collected on reefs in the eastern Pacific and southern Oman, where corals today live and accrete their skeletons under conditions equivalent to 2X and 3X pre-industrial CO2. On these high CO2, high nutrient reefs (where nitrate concentrations typically exceed 2.5 micro-molar), coral growth rates rival, and sometimes even exceed, those of conspecifics in low CO2, oligotrophic reef environments. The investigators propose that a coral's energetic status, tightly coupled to the availability of inorganic nutrients and/or food, is a key factor in the calcification response to CO2-induced ocean acidification. Their hypothesis, if confirmed by the proposed laboratory investigations, implies that predicted changes in coastal and open ocean nutrient concentrations over the course of this century, driven by both climate impacts on ocean stratification and by increased human activity in coastal regions, could play a critical role in exacerbating and in some areas, modulating the coral reef response to ocean acidification. This research program builds on the investigators initial results and observations. The planned laboratory experiments will test the hypothesis that: (1) The coral calcification response to ocean acidification is linked to the energetic status of the coral host. The relative contribution of symbiont photosynthesis and heterotrophic feeding to a coral's energetic status varies amongst species. Enhancing the energetic status of corals reared under high CO2, either by stimulating photosynthesis with inorganic nutrients or by direct heterotrophic feeding of the host lowers the sensitivity of calcification to decreased seawater OMEGAar; (2) A species-specific threshold CO2 level exists over which enhanced energetic status can no longer compensate for decreased OMEGAar of the external seawater. Similarly, we will test the hypothesis that a nutrient threshold exists over which nutrients become detrimental for calcification even under high CO2 conditions; and (3) Temperature-induced reduction of algal symbionts is one stressor that can reduce the energetic reserve of the coral host and exacerbate the calcification response to ocean acidification. The investigator's initial findings highlight the critical importance of energetic status in the coral calcification response to ocean acidification. Verification of these findings in the laboratory, and identification of nutrient and CO2 thresholds for a range of species will have immediate, direct impact on predictions of reef resilience in a high CO2 world. The research project brings together a diverse group of expertise in coral biogeochemistry, chemical oceanography, molecular biology and coral reproductive ecology to focus on a problem that has enormous societal, economic and conservation relevance.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_end_date	String	2013-09
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_geolocation	String	global; experimental
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_name	String	An Investigation of the Role of Nutrition in the Coral Calcification Response to Ocean Acidification
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_project_nid	String	2183
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_start_date	String	2010-10
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_name	String	Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	sourceUrl	String	(local files)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	standard_name_vocabulary	String	CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	subsetVariables	String	species
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	summary	String	This dataset contains data from a study of pteropod shell dissolution on individuals exposed to CO2-enriched seawater. The data include the amount of dissolution as well as the physical and chemical parameters on which carbonate chemistry parameters were calculated.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	title	String	[pteropod shell dissolution] - Pteropod shell dissolution in natural and high-CO2 environments from samples collected on RRS James Clark Ross cruise JR177 in the Scotia Sea, Southern Ocean from 2007-2008 (An Investigation of the Role of Nutrition in the Coral Calcification Response to Ocean Acidification)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	version	String	1
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	xml_source	String	osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable	treatment		String
attribute	treatment	bcodmo_name	String	treatment
attribute	treatment	description	String	Type of experimental treatment.
attribute	treatment	long_name	String	Treatment
attribute	treatment	units	String	dimensionless
variable	incubation_time		byte
attribute	incubation_time	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	incubation_time	actual_range	byte	4, 14
attribute	incubation_time	bcodmo_name	String	incubation time
attribute	incubation_time	description	String	Number of days incubated.
attribute	incubation_time	long_name	String	Incubation Time
attribute	incubation_time	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/AZDRZZ01/
attribute	incubation_time	units	String	days
variable	N		byte
attribute	N	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	N	actual_range	byte	9, 11
attribute	N	bcodmo_name	String	number
attribute	N	description	String	Number of samples in the treatment.
attribute	N	long_name	String	N
attribute	N	units	String	dimensionless
variable	species		String
attribute	species	bcodmo_name	String	species
attribute	species	description	String	Name of the species of study.
attribute	species	long_name	String	Species
attribute	species	units	String	dimensionless
variable	sal		float
attribute	sal	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	sal	actual_range	float	33.82, 33.86
attribute	sal	bcodmo_name	String	sal
attribute	sal	description	String	Salinity.
attribute	sal	long_name	String	Sal
attribute	sal	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/PSALST01/
attribute	sal	units	String	dimensionless
variable	temp		byte
attribute	temp	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	temp	actual_range	byte	3, 4
attribute	temp	bcodmo_name	String	temperature
attribute	temp	description	String	Water temperature.
attribute	temp	long_name	String	Temperature
attribute	temp	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/TEMPP901/
attribute	temp	units	String	degrees Celsius
variable	phosphate		float
attribute	phosphate	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	phosphate	actual_range	float	1.15, 1.8
attribute	phosphate	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	phosphate	description	String	Phosphate concentration.
attribute	phosphate	long_name	String	Mass Concentration Of Phosphate In Sea Water
attribute	phosphate	units	String	micromoles per kilogram (umol/kg)
variable	silicate		float
attribute	silicate	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	silicate	actual_range	float	8.0, 12.5
attribute	silicate	bcodmo_name	String	SiOH_4
attribute	silicate	description	String	Silicate concentration.
attribute	silicate	long_name	String	Mass Concentration Of Silicate In Sea Water
attribute	silicate	units	String	micromoles per kilogram (umol/kg)
variable	alk_tot		float
attribute	alk_tot	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	alk_tot	actual_range	float	2290.6, 2360.3
attribute	alk_tot	bcodmo_name	String	TALK
attribute	alk_tot	description	String	Total alkalinity.
attribute	alk_tot	long_name	String	Alk Tot
attribute	alk_tot	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/MDMAP014/
attribute	alk_tot	units	String	micromoles per kilogram (umol/kg)
variable	alk_tot_stdev		float
attribute	alk_tot_stdev	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	alk_tot_stdev	actual_range	float	1.3, 8.9
attribute	alk_tot_stdev	bcodmo_name	String	standard deviation
attribute	alk_tot_stdev	description	String	Standard deviation of alk_tot.
attribute	alk_tot_stdev	long_name	String	Alk Tot Stdev
attribute	alk_tot_stdev	units	String	micromoles per kilogram (umol/kg)
variable	DIC		float
attribute	DIC	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	DIC	actual_range	float	2123.0, 2298.3
attribute	DIC	bcodmo_name	String	DIC
attribute	DIC	description	String	Total dissolved inorganic carbon.
attribute	DIC	long_name	String	DIC
attribute	DIC	units	String	micromoles per kilogram (umol/kg)
variable	DIC_stdev		float
attribute	DIC_stdev	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	DIC_stdev	actual_range	float	0.0, 61.9
attribute	DIC_stdev	bcodmo_name	String	standard deviation
attribute	DIC_stdev	description	String	Standard deviation of C_tot.
attribute	DIC_stdev	long_name	String	DIC Stdev
attribute	DIC_stdev	units	String	micromoles per kilogram (umol/kg)
variable	pH		float
attribute	pH	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	pH	actual_range	float	7.7, 8.13
attribute	pH	bcodmo_name	String	pH
attribute	pH	colorBarMaximum	double	9.0
attribute	pH	colorBarMinimum	double	7.0
attribute	pH	description	String	pH of the water.
attribute	pH	long_name	String	Sea Water Ph Reported On Total Scale
attribute	pH	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/PHXXZZXX/
attribute	pH	units	String	dimensionless
variable	pH_stdev		float
attribute	pH_stdev	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	pH_stdev	actual_range	float	0.01, 0.13
attribute	pH_stdev	bcodmo_name	String	standard deviation
attribute	pH_stdev	description	String	Standard deviation of pH.
attribute	pH_stdev	long_name	String	P H Stdev
attribute	pH_stdev	units	String	dimensionless
variable	pCO2		short
attribute	pCO2	_FillValue	short	32767
attribute	pCO2	actual_range	short	318, 940
attribute	pCO2	bcodmo_name	String	pCO2
attribute	pCO2	description	String	Partial pressure of carbon dioxide at sea surface temperature.
attribute	pCO2	long_name	String	P CO2
attribute	pCO2	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/PCO2C101/
attribute	pCO2	units	String	microatmospheres (uatm)
variable	pCO2_stdev		byte
attribute	pCO2_stdev	_FillValue	byte	127
attribute	pCO2_stdev	actual_range	byte	12, 111
attribute	pCO2_stdev	bcodmo_name	String	standard deviation
attribute	pCO2_stdev	description	String	Standard deviation of pCO2.
attribute	pCO2_stdev	long_name	String	P CO2 Stdev
attribute	pCO2_stdev	units	String	microatmospheres (uatm)
variable	bicarbonate		float
attribute	bicarbonate	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	bicarbonate	actual_range	float	1983.1, 2192.7
attribute	bicarbonate	bcodmo_name	String	bicarbonate
attribute	bicarbonate	description	String	Concentration of bicarbonate ion [HCO3]-.
attribute	bicarbonate	long_name	String	Bicarbonate
attribute	bicarbonate	units	String	micromoles per kilogram (umol/kg)
variable	bicarbonate_stdev		float
attribute	bicarbonate_stdev	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	bicarbonate_stdev	actual_range	float	4.4, 91.9
attribute	bicarbonate_stdev	bcodmo_name	String	standard deviation
attribute	bicarbonate_stdev	description	String	Standard deviation of bicarbonate concentration.
attribute	bicarbonate_stdev	long_name	String	Bicarbonate Stdev
attribute	bicarbonate_stdev	units	String	micromoles per kilogram (umol/kg)
variable	carbonate		float
attribute	carbonate	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	carbonate	actual_range	float	51.6, 121.6
attribute	carbonate	bcodmo_name	String	carbonate
attribute	carbonate	description	String	Concentration of carbonate ion [CO3]2-.
attribute	carbonate	long_name	String	Carbonate
attribute	carbonate	units	String	micromoles per kilogram (umol/kg)
variable	carbonate_stdev		float
attribute	carbonate_stdev	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	carbonate_stdev	actual_range	float	0.9, 39.6
attribute	carbonate_stdev	bcodmo_name	String	standard deviation
attribute	carbonate_stdev	description	String	Standard deviation of carbonate concentration.
attribute	carbonate_stdev	long_name	String	Carbonate Stdev
attribute	carbonate_stdev	units	String	micromoles per kilogram (umol/kg)
variable	omega_Arg		float
attribute	omega_Arg	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	omega_Arg	actual_range	float	0.78, 1.82
attribute	omega_Arg	bcodmo_name	String	OM_ar
attribute	omega_Arg	description	String	Aragonite saturation state.
attribute	omega_Arg	long_name	String	Omega Arg
attribute	omega_Arg	units	String	dimensionless
variable	omega_Arg_stdev		float
attribute	omega_Arg_stdev	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	omega_Arg_stdev	actual_range	float	0.02, 0.6
attribute	omega_Arg_stdev	bcodmo_name	String	standard deviation
attribute	omega_Arg_stdev	description	String	Standard deviation of omega_Arg.
attribute	omega_Arg_stdev	long_name	String	Omega Arg Stdev
attribute	omega_Arg_stdev	units	String	dimensionless
variable	non_diss		float
attribute	non_diss	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	non_diss	actual_range	float	0.04, 0.997
attribute	non_diss	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	non_diss	description	String	Percentage of non-dissolving individuals as determined by SEM.
attribute	non_diss	long_name	String	Non Diss
attribute	non_diss	units	String	percentage (%)
variable	non_diss_stdev		float
attribute	non_diss_stdev	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	non_diss_stdev	actual_range	float	0.005, 0.15
attribute	non_diss_stdev	bcodmo_name	String	standard deviation
attribute	non_diss_stdev	description	String	Standard deviation of non_diss.
attribute	non_diss_stdev	long_name	String	Non Diss Stdev
attribute	non_diss_stdev	units	String	percentage (%)
variable	diss_rate1		float
attribute	diss_rate1	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	diss_rate1	actual_range	float	0.002, 0.8
attribute	diss_rate1	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	diss_rate1	description	String	Type I dissolution rate as determined by SEM. Bednarsek et al. (2012) describe Type I dissolution as "First indices of slightly increased porosity. Aragonite crystals within the upper-prismatic layer affected by dissolution - ‘cauliflower heads’ present."
attribute	diss_rate1	long_name	String	Diss Rate1
attribute	diss_rate1	units	String	percentage (%)
variable	diss_rate1_stdev		float
attribute	diss_rate1_stdev	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	diss_rate1_stdev	actual_range	float	0.003, 0.15
attribute	diss_rate1_stdev	bcodmo_name	String	standard deviation
attribute	diss_rate1_stdev	description	String	Standard deviation of diss_rate1.
attribute	diss_rate1_stdev	long_name	String	Diss Rate1 Stdev
attribute	diss_rate1_stdev	units	String	percentage (%)
variable	diss_rate2		float
attribute	diss_rate2	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	diss_rate2	actual_range	float	0.0, 0.26
attribute	diss_rate2	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	diss_rate2	description	String	Type II dissolution rate as determined by SEM. Bednarsek et al. (2012) describe Type II dissolution as "Increased porosity. Dissolved patches more extensive and numerous. Prismatic layer partially or completely dissolved, crossed-lamellar layer exposed."
attribute	diss_rate2	long_name	String	Diss Rate2
attribute	diss_rate2	units	String	percentage (%)
variable	diss_rate2_stdev		float
attribute	diss_rate2_stdev	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	diss_rate2_stdev	actual_range	float	0.0, 0.1
attribute	diss_rate2_stdev	bcodmo_name	String	standard deviation
attribute	diss_rate2_stdev	description	String	Standard deviation of diss_rate2.
attribute	diss_rate2_stdev	long_name	String	Diss Rate2 Stdev
attribute	diss_rate2_stdev	units	String	percentage (%)
variable	diss_rate3		float
attribute	diss_rate3	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	diss_rate3	actual_range	float	0.0, 0.31
attribute	diss_rate3	bcodmo_name	String	unknown
attribute	diss_rate3	description	String	Type III dissolution rate as determined by SEM. Bednarsek et al. (2012) describe Type III dissolution as "Less compact crystal structure with compromised shell integrity and extreme frailness. Dissolution within crossed-lamellar layer with crystals thicker and chunkier."
attribute	diss_rate3	long_name	String	Diss Rate3
attribute	diss_rate3	units	String	percentage (%)
variable	diss_rate3_stdev		float
attribute	diss_rate3_stdev	_FillValue	float	NaN
attribute	diss_rate3_stdev	actual_range	float	0.0, 0.06
attribute	diss_rate3_stdev	bcodmo_name	String	standard deviation
attribute	diss_rate3_stdev	description	String	Standard deviation of diss_rate3.
attribute	diss_rate3_stdev	long_name	String	Diss Rate3 Stdev
attribute	diss_rate3_stdev	units	String	percentage (%)

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