ERDDAP > info > bcodmo_dataset_720270

Grid DAP Data	Sub- set	Table DAP Data	Make A Graph	W M S	Source Data Files	Acces- sible	Title	Sum- mary	FGDC, ISO, Metadata	Back- ground Info	RSS	E mail	Institution	Dataset ID
		data	graph		files	public	[Live area and NDVI measurements] - Total live mangrove coverage and annual NDVI classifications for the mangrove die-off region based on Landsat 5 and 7 transformed imagery. (An interdisciplinary approach to elucidating the causes of widespread mangrove die- off)		I   M	background			BCO-DMO	bcodmo_dataset_720270

The Dataset's Variables and Attributes

Row Type	Variable Name	Attribute Name	Data Type	Value
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	access_formats	String	.htmlTable,.csv,.json,.mat,.nc,.tsv
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	acquisition_description	String	Landsat 5 and 7 annual NDVI composites from 1989 to 2013 were acquired from the [Google Earth Engine website](\\"https://earthengine.google.com\\").\u00a0Handheld GPS units (Garmin etrex 20) were used to outline and ground truth the mangrove die-off area in June 2014. Historical hurricane tracks were acquired from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) [Digital Coasts website](\\"https://coast.noaa.gov/hurricanes\\"). [Die-off GPS outline.CSV](\\"http://dmoserv3.bco- dmo.org/data_docs/Mangrove_dieoff/GPS_outline.csv\\"): This file consists of GPS coordinates collected by a handheld GPS of the die-off area. This was used to create a shapefile of the die-off area in GIS.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_nid	String	653796
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_award_number	String	OCE-1541637
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_data_url	String	http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward.do?AwardNumber=1541637
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funder_name	String	NSF Division of Ocean Sciences
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_acronym	String	NSF OCE
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_funding_source_nid	String	355
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_program_manager	String	David L. Garrison
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	awards_0_program_manager_nid	String	50534
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	cdm_data_type	String	Other
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	comment	String	Live area and NDVI measurements C. Layman, R. Rossi, and S. K. Archer, PIs Version 29 November 2017
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	Conventions	String	COARDS, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_email	String	info at bco-dmo.org
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_name	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	creator_url	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	data_source	String	extract_data_as_tsv version 2.3 19 Dec 2019
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_created	String	2017-12-01T22:08:39Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	date_modified	String	2017-12-07T20:52:47Z
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	defaultDataQuery	String	&time<now
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	doi	String	10.1575/1912/bco-dmo.720664
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	infoUrl	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/720270
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	institution	String	BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_dataset_instrument_description	String	Handheld GPS unit used to outline and ground truth the mangrove die-off area
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_dataset_instrument_nid	String	720625
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_description	String	Acquires satellite signals and tracks your location.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_instrument_name	String	GPS receiver
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_instrument_nid	String	706037
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	instruments_0_supplied_name	String	Garmin etrex 20
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	keywords	String	area, bco, bco-dmo, biological, chemical, data, dataset, difference, dmo, erddap, index, live, LiveArea, management, max, MaxNDVI, mean, MeanNDVI, ndvi, normalized, oceanography, office, preliminary, vegetation, year
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	license	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/720270/license
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	metadata_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/api/dataset/720270
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	param_mapping	String	{'720270': {}}
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	parameter_source	String	https://www.bco-dmo.org/mapserver/dataset/720270/parameters
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_affiliation	String	North Carolina State University
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_affiliation_acronym	String	NCSU
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_name	String	Craig Layman
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_person_nid	String	51691
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role	String	Lead Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_0_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_affiliation	String	Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Region
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_name	String	Dr Stephanie K Archer
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_person_nid	String	720296
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role	String	Co-Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_1_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_affiliation	String	North Carolina State University
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_affiliation_acronym	String	NCSU
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_person_name	String	Ryann Rossi
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_person_nid	String	664999
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_role	String	Co-Principal Investigator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_2_role_type	String	originator
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_affiliation	String	North Carolina State University
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_affiliation_acronym	String	NCSU
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_person_name	String	Ryann Rossi
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_person_nid	String	664999
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_role	String	Contact
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_3_role_type	String	related
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_4_affiliation	String	Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_4_affiliation_acronym	String	WHOI BCO-DMO
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_4_person_name	String	Hannah Ake
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_4_person_nid	String	650173
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_4_role	String	BCO-DMO Data Manager
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	people_4_role_type	String	related
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	project	String	Mangrove Die-off
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_acronym	String	Mangrove Die-off
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_description	String	Foundation species are those that form the basis for entire ecosystems, substantially altering the physical and biological characteristics of the areas in which they are found. Mangroves are one of the most conspicuous groups of foundation species, providing numerous ecosystems services which we highly value, e.g., habitat for ecologically and economically important species, shoreline stablilization and carbon storage. As such, global declines in mangroves is of upmost concern. For example, an extensive die-off of dwarf red mangrove has been identified in a remote area on the west side of Abaco Island, The Bahamas. Because of its remote nature of the site, the die-off is unlikely to be directly due to human activities. Despite its largely inaccessible nature, the area is ecologically and economically important, e.g., it is the primary bonefishing area on Abaco - an industry worth more than $150 million annually in The Bahamas. Therefore, it is of pressing concern for stakeholders in The Bahamas to identify the underlying cause(s) of decline and assess potential threat to mangroves in other areas. To do so, a series of activities will be carried out, included widespread surveys for a recently identified fungal pathogen, laboratory efforts to isolate and identify this pathogen, satellite imagery mapping activities, and simulated grazing experiments. The area in which the die-off is occurring is currently being considered for designation as a national park by the Bahamian National Trust (BNT). The results of the study will be directly communicated to the BNT and will be used to make immediate management decisions. In collaboration with two Bahamian environmental NGOs, Friends of the Environment and Bahamas Reef Environmental Education Foundation (BREEF), a citizen science-based survey for fungal lesions, as well as an educational module on mangrove ecology, will be designed. The data from the citizen-science and student surveys will be integrated in a map of the incidence of the lesions across The Bahamas. The citizen-science component, and interaction with bonefish guides, provides the opportunity to further integrate science and education. The educational module will be introduced at the BREEF summer teaching training workshop in July. This annual event typically includes 30 teachers from 10 islands. The investigators will continue to make all of our research findings immediately available and accessible to the public through the Abaco Scientist website (http://appliedecology.cals.ncsu.edu/absci/). Provisioning of ecosystem services in the coastal realm is largely mediated by foundation species, such as mangroves, coral and salt marsh grasses. Many of these species are undergoing substantial declines throughout the world. These declines are often driven by complex, interacting, stressors that may be difficult to identify and elucidate. Despite the difficulty, unraveling such mechanistic drivers is essential for stemming declines and developing management strategies for these ecosystems. Mangroves provide many highly valued ecosystem services to coastal communities, yet worldwide these forests are rapidly declining. Much of this loss is related to various human activities along coastlines, but natural ecological mechanisms contribute to declines in many areas as well. An extensive die-off of dwarf red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) was observed in a remote area on the west side of Abaco Island, The Bahamas. Preliminary observations suggest the die-off may be due to a combination of fungal pathogens, grazing, and physical stress. This combination of stressors is strikingly parallel to the drivers of salt marsh decline on the East and Gulf coasts of the U.S. To date, different fungal strains from mangrove leaves have been identified. One fungus is a species of Pestalotiopsis, an Ascomycete fungus, and members of this genus are known plant pathogens. There are also high densities of a nocturnally active herbivorous cricket (Tafilasca eleuthera) in die-off areas. It is unclear whether this species has recently colonized the area, is increasing in density, or both. In addition, high salinities in the sediment porewater in the die-off area suggest another potential stressor for the plants. A series of observations and experimental studies will be used to examine potential mechanistic drivers of the mangrove die-off. First, the extent of the die-off areas will be mapped using aerial surveys conducted with a GPS-integrated drone equipped with a video camera. Progression of the die-off will be examined with historical spectral profiles of mangroves from 1980s-present (on an annual basis) using Landsat satellite data. Second, the incidence of lesions on mangroves across Abaco Island and throughout The Bahamas will be explored using a series of citizen science initiatives. Third, identification of fungi will require DNA sequencing and examination of the morphology of fungal spores/conidia at North Carolina State University. Fourth, maintenance of a grazer exclusion experiment near the die-off location will provide an assessment of the role of herbivory in this system. Finally, simulated grazing scar experiments will be used to assess if grazing can indeed facilitate fungal infections.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_end_date	String	2016-04
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_geolocation	String	Abaco Island, The Bahamas
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_name	String	An interdisciplinary approach to elucidating the causes of widespread mangrove die-off
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_project_nid	String	653797
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	projects_0_start_date	String	2015-05
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_name	String	Biological and Chemical Oceanographic Data Management Office (BCO-DMO)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	publisher_type	String	institution
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	sourceUrl	String	(local files)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	standard_name_vocabulary	String	CF Standard Name Table v55
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	summary	String	These data were compiled to better determine when the mangrove die-off began. NDVI values of 0.2 or greater correspond to live mangrove cover. These data suggest the mangrove die-off may have started in 2008 and was exacerbated in following years with some recovery in 2013. Live area was calculated by determining the area of the die-off region with NDVI values greater than 0.2.
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	title	String	[Live area and NDVI measurements] - Total live mangrove coverage and annual NDVI classifications for the mangrove die-off region based on Landsat 5 and 7 transformed imagery. (An interdisciplinary approach to elucidating the causes of widespread mangrove die-off)
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	version	String	1
attribute	NC_GLOBAL	xml_source	String	osprey2erddap.update_xml() v1.3
variable	Year		short
attribute	Year	_FillValue	short	32767
attribute	Year	actual_range	short	1989, 2013
attribute	Year	bcodmo_name	String	year
attribute	Year	description	String	Year of sampling
attribute	Year	long_name	String	Year
attribute	Year	nerc_identifier	String	https://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/P01/current/YEARXXXX/
attribute	Year	units	String	unitless
variable	MaxNDVI		double
attribute	MaxNDVI	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	MaxNDVI	actual_range	double	0.096008405, 0.690050006
attribute	MaxNDVI	bcodmo_name	String	density
attribute	MaxNDVI	description	String	Annual maximum Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for the mangrove die-off region based on Landsat 5 and 7 transformed imagery. The years 1990 and 2003 have been removed for excessive cloud cover.
attribute	MaxNDVI	long_name	String	Max NDVI
attribute	MaxNDVI	units	String	unitless
variable	MeanNDVI		double
attribute	MeanNDVI	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	MeanNDVI	actual_range	double	-0.125999113, 0.229209068
attribute	MeanNDVI	bcodmo_name	String	density
attribute	MeanNDVI	description	String	Annual mean Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for the mangrove die-off region based on Landsat 5 and 7 transformed imagery. The years 1990 and 2003 have been removed for excessive cloud cover.
attribute	MeanNDVI	long_name	String	Mean NDVI
attribute	MeanNDVI	units	String	unitless
variable	LiveArea		double
attribute	LiveArea	_FillValue	double	NaN
attribute	LiveArea	actual_range	double	0.0, 0.888512537
attribute	LiveArea	bcodmo_name	String	density
attribute	LiveArea	description	String	Total live mangrove coverage based on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) classifications from Landsat 5 and 7 transformed imagery. The years 1990 and 2003 have been removed for excessive cloud cover.
attribute	LiveArea	long_name	String	Live Area
attribute	LiveArea	units	String	unitless

The information in the table above is also available in other file formats (.csv, .htmlTable, .itx, .json, .jsonlCSV1, .jsonlCSV, .jsonlKVP, .mat, .nc, .nccsv, .tsv, .xhtml) via a RESTful web service.